Deck 13: The Peripheral Nervous System and Reflex Activity

Question 1

Match the following:

A) Olfactory
B) Accessory
C) Abducens
D) Vagus
E) Vestibulocochlear
Helps to regulate blood pressure and digestion.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Figure 13.1
Using Figure 13.1, match the following:

A) E
B) B
C) C
D) D
Damage to this nerve would cause difficulty in speech and swallowing,but no effect on visceral organs.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Figure 13.2
Using Figure 13.2, identify the following components of the reflex arc:

A) E
B) C
C) A
D) B
E) D
Motor neuron.

Answer 3

E

Question 4

Match the following:

A) Olfactory
B) Accessory
C) Abducens
D) Vagus
E) Vestibulocochlear
Serves the senses of hearing and equilibrium.

Question 5

Match the following:

A) Segmental level
B) Projection level
C) Precommand level
Controls the outputs of the cortex and regulates motor activity.

Question 6

Match the following:

A) Segmental level
B) Projection level
C) Precommand level
Intermediate relay for incoming and outgoing neurons.

Question 7

Figure 13.1
Using Figure 13.1, match the following:

A) E
B) B
C) C
D) D
Involved in movement of the digestive tract.

Question 8

Figure 13.2
Using Figure 13.2, identify the following components of the reflex arc:

A) E
B) C
C) A
D) B
E) D
Effector.

Question 9

Figure 13.2
Using Figure 13.2, identify the following components of the reflex arc:

A) E
B) C
C) A
D) B
E) D
Integration center.

Question 10

Figure 13.2
Using Figure 13.2, identify the following components of the reflex arc:

A) E
B) C
C) A
D) B
E) D
Receptor.

Question 11

Match the following:

A) Olfactory
B) Accessory
C) Abducens
D) Vagus
E) Vestibulocochlear
Turns the eyeball laterally.

Question 12

Figure 13.1
Using Figure 13.1, match the following:

A) E
B) B
C) C
D) D
Damage to this nerve would cause dizziness,nausea,and loss of balance.

Question 13

Match the following:

A) Segmental level
B) Projection level
C) Precommand level
Central pattern generators.

Question 14

Figure 13.1
Using Figure 13.1, match the following:

A) E
B) B
C) C
D) D
Innervates the superior oblique muscle.

Question 15

Figure 13.2
Using Figure 13.2, identify the following components of the reflex arc:

A) E
B) C
C) A
D) B
E) D
Sensory neuron.

Question 16

Match the following:

A) Olfactory
B) Accessory
C) Abducens
D) Vagus
E) Vestibulocochlear
Rootlets arise on the spinal cord,enter the skull through the foramen magnum and exit the skull through the jugular foramen.

Question 17

Match the following:

A) Olfactory
B) Accessory
C) Abducens
D) Vagus
E) Vestibulocochlear
Receptors located in epithelium of the nasal cavity.

Question 18

Figure 13.1
Using Figure 13.1, match the following:

A) E
B) B
C) C
D) D
Longest cranial nerve.

Question 19

Figure 13.1
Using Figure 13.1, match the following:

A) E
B) B
C) C
D) D
Damage to this nerve would keep the eye from rotating inferolaterally.

Question 20

Match the following:

A) Segmental level
B) Projection level
C) Precommand level
The cerebellum and basal nuclei.

Question 21

Lamellar corpuscles can be exteroceptors,interoceptors,or proprioceptor.

Question 22

Irritation of the phrenic nerve may cause diaphragm spasms called hiccups.

Question 23

The musculocutaneous nerve is a major nerve of the brachial plexus.

Question 24

Match the following:

A) Pacinian corpuscle
B) Ruffini endings
C) Meissner corpuscle
Tactile corpuscle.

Question 25

Figure 13.3
Using Figure 13.3, match the following:

A) B
B) A
C) C
Supplies all of the body except the posterior.

Question 26

Figure 13.3
Using Figure 13.3, match the following:

A) B
B) A
C) C
Contain autonomic nerve fibers.

Question 27

Match the following:

A) Segmental level
B) Projection level
C) Precommand level
Includes cortical and brain stem motor areas.

Question 28

Match the following:

A) Segmental level
B) Projection level
C) Precommand level
The neural machinery of the spinal cord,including spinal cord circuits.

Question 29

The meningeal branch of a spinal nerve actually reenters the vertebral canal to innervate the meninges and blood vessels.

Question 30

Match the following:

A) Pacinian corpuscle
B) Ruffini endings
C) Meissner corpuscle
Bulbous corpuscle.

Question 31

Dorsal and ventral rami are similar in that they both contain sensory and motor fibers.

Question 32

Drooping of the upper eyelid,and double vision are potential symptoms of damage to the oculomotor nerve.

Question 33

Figure 13.3
Using Figure 13.3, match the following:

A) B
B) A
C) C
Supplies the posterior body trunk.

Question 34

Reciprocal inhibition means that while one sensory nerve is stimulated,another sensory neuron for synergistic muscles in the same area is inhibited and cannot respond.

Question 35

Some large arteries that are proximal to the heart are sensitive to the stretch of the blood vessels.This stretch indicates the blood's pressure.Which of the following pairs of classifications below best fit the receptor type that is being described above?

A) thermoreceptors that are also exteroceptors
B) thermoreceptors that are also interoceptors
C) mechanoreceptors that are also exteroceptors
D) mechanoreceptors that are also interoceptors

Question 36

Figure 13.3
Using Figure 13.3, match the following:

A) B
B) A
C) C
All but T₂-T₁₂ branch and form nerve plexuses.

Question 37

Figure 13.3
Using Figure 13.3, match the following:

A) B
B) A
C) C
Supplies each muscle with fibers from more than one nerve.

Question 38

If someone spills very hot coffee (200 0F)on their skin,they will likely perceive much pain.Which of the following receptor types is causing this sensation?

A) nociceptors
B) chemoreceptors
C) mechanoreceptors
D) thermoreceptors

Question 39

Match the following:

A) Pacinian corpuscle
B) Ruffini endings
C) Meissner corpuscle
Lamellar corpuscle.

Question 40

The second cranial nerve forms a chiasma at the base of the brain for partial crossover of neural fibers.

Question 41

The cranial nerve with a cervical origin (spinal cord)is the ________.

A) hypoglossal
B) vagus
C) glossopharyngeal
D) accessory

Question 42

A patient has lost vision on the left side of both eyes.The patient has likely suffered damage to ________.

A) the optic chiasm
B) the retinas of the eyes
C) the optic nerves
D) the right optic tract

Question 43

An emergency medical technician is examining a trauma victim by shining a pen light into her patient's eye.She records the reactivity of the patents pupils as they constrict when stimulated by the light.This test supports which of the following?

A) The patient has suffered brain damage.
B) The patient has function of the trochlear nerve (IV).
C) The patient has lost function of the optic nerve (II).
D) The patient has function of the oculomotor nerve (III).

Question 44

A patient is suffering from the inability to distinguish various types of odors.This patient may have damage to which of the following?

A) vagus nerve (X)
B) hypoglossal nerve (XII)
C) facial nerve (VIII)
D) olfactory nerve (I)

Question 45

Which of the following is the best explanation of how a stimulus' strength is transmitted to the central nervous system from sensory nerves?

A) More than one type of receptor will respond to larger stimulus.
B) An action potential will increase in strength as stimulus's strength increases.
C) Action potential frequency is increased as stimulus' strength increases.
D) Action potentials as well as graded potentials are sent to the central nervous system when stimulus strength increases.

Question 46

A person picks up a heavy suitcase in order to estimate its weight and reflexively drops it.Which of the following receptors has initiated this reflex?

A) lamellae corpuscle
B) free nerve ending
C) tendon organ
D) bulbous corpuscle

Question 47

Dermatome maps are useful to clinicians because ________.

A) they show the routes of motor nerves
B) they outline the location of the numerous nerve plexus
C) they can help pinpoint the location of spinal injury
D) they show doctors how to avoid striking spinal nerves during surgery

Question 48

A patient has an injury of the spine and is now suffering from a loss of motor function in his right arm.However,he still has normal sensory function in the arm.Based on this information it is likely that the patient has nervous tissue damage located at ________.

A) the dorsal root located at one or more of the cervical vertebra
B) the ventral root located at one or more of the cervical vertebra
C) the dorsal rootlets located at one of the thoracic vertebra
D) spinal nerves of the cervical vertebra

Question 49

The posterior side of the thigh,leg,and foot is served by the ________ nerve.

A) femoral
B) obturator
C) tibial
D) common fibular

Question 50

Tactile sensation is a combination of touch,pressure,stretch and vibration.Which of the following is most likely the receptor type that senses tactile stimulation?

A) mechanoreceptors
B) proprioceptors
C) nociceptors
D) thermoreceptors

Question 51

Starting at the spinal cord,the subdivisions of the brachial plexus are (in order)________.

A) divisions, roots, trunks, and cords
B) trunks, divisions, cords, and roots
C) roots, divisions, cords, and trunks
D) roots, trunks, divisions, and cords

Question 52

A doctor asks her patient to follow the motion of her finger as she moves it up and down,left and right.Which of the following cranial nerves is not being tested?

A) the oculomotor nerve (III)
B) the vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII)
C) the abducens (VI)
D) the trochlear nerve (IV)

Question 53

Which of the following is an incorrect statement regarding the occurrence of a sensation?

A) A generator potential in the associated sensory neuron must reach threshold.
B) The stimulus energy must be converted into the energy of a graded potential called a transduction potential.
C) The stimulus energy must match the specificity of the receptor.
D) The stimulus energy must occur within the receptor's receptive field.

Question 54

We can touch our finger to our nose while our eyes are closed in part because we can sense the position and movement of our joints as well as the length of stretch in our muscles.These sensations create awareness of our body's positioning.The following receptors are most likely responsible for this ability.

A) nociceptors
B) proprioceptors
C) exteroceptors
D) interoceptors

Question 55

Bill is a mechanic that works with vibrating tools.He also exerts force on his wrists when twisting wrenches and screws.Bill has a tingling sensation in the lateral portion of his hand.The doctor suspects carpal tunnel syndrome.Which of the following test might the doctor try on her patient?

A) Have bill grip an object with his thumb and index finger and try to pull the object away.
B) Check for hyperextension at the knuckles of the little and ring finger.
C) Have bill flex and extend his arm against resistance.
D) Check for reflex on the medial condyle of the humerus with a rubber mallet.

Question 56

Complicated interlacing of the ventral rami form networks called nerve plexus.The crisscrossing of the nerve fibers from the various spinal nerves is advantageous because ________.

A) injury to any single spinal nerve will be less damaging as there is less chance of total loss of innervation to any particular organ
B) having several nerve fibers unite enhances sensory function
C) viruses that infect us by moving through PNS nerves are prevented entry to the CNS
D) having several nerve fibers unite enhances motor function

Question 57

Injury to cervical vertebra C3-C4 is particularly problematic because ________.

A) several ganglia are near this region that serve the heart
B) the greater auricular nerve that serve the parotid gland receive there fibers from here
C) the phrenic nerve that serves the diaphragm receives its fibers from here
D) part of the brain stem is located here

Question 58

A bit of dust blows into and touches the cornea of the eye.Which of the following is likely to happen?

A) Stimulation of the facial nerve (VII) will be perceived as pain.
B) Stimulation of the optic nerve (II) will cause tears to flow from the lacrimal gland.
C) Nothing, because there is no sensory information sent from the cornea.
D) Stimulation of the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve (V) will cause blinking.

Question 59

As a cook chops red onions he begins to tear up due to activation of the lacrimal gland.Which of the following nerves provided the stimulus?

A) the vagus nerve (X)
B) the optic nerve (II)
C) the facial nerve (VII)
D) the olfactory nerve (I)

Question 60

Which of the following nerves does not arise from the brachial plexus?

A) radial
B) phrenic
C) ulnar
D) median

Question 61

The sciatic nerve is a combination of which two nerves?

A) pudendal and posterior femoral cutaneous
B) pudendal and common fibular
C) posterior femoral cutaneous and tibial
D) common fibular and tibial

Question 62

A reflex that causes muscle relaxation and lengthening in response to muscle tension is called a ________.

A) flexor reflex
B) tendon reflex
C) crossed-extensor reflex
D) plantar reflex

Question 63

A fracture of the ethmoid bone could result in damage to which cranial nerve?

A) vagus
B) glossopharyngeal
C) accessory
D) olfactory

Question 64

Spinal nerves exiting the cord from the level of L4 to S4 form the ________.

A) lumbar plexus
B) sacral plexus
C) thoracic plexus
D) femoral plexus

Question 65

Which receptors adapt most slowly?

A) nociceptors
B) pressure receptors
C) smell receptors
D) touch receptors

Question 66

Problems in balance may follow trauma to which nerve?

A) trigeminal
B) vestibulocochlear
C) abducens
D) accessory

Question 67

Regeneration within the CNS ________.

A) is prevented due to growth-inhibiting proteins of oligodendrocytes
B) is more successful than with the PNS
C) is promoted by growth inhibitors and glial scars
D) typically allows axonal sprouting of 20 mm

Question 68

Striking the "funny bone" is actually stimulation of (or injury to)the ________.

A) median nerve
B) radial nerve
C) ulnar nerve
D) sciatic nerve

Question 69

All processing at the circuit level going up to the perceptual level must synapse in the ________.

A) medulla
B) reticular formation
C) pons
D) thalamus

Question 70

A major nerve of the lumbar plexus is the ________.

A) ilioinguinal
B) femoral
C) sciatic
D) iliohypogastric

Question 71

Select the correct definition.

A) Magnitude estimation is the simplest level of sensation.
B) Pattern recognition allows us to see a familiar face.
C) Perceptual detection is the ability to detect how much stimulus is applied to the body.
D) Spatial discrimination allows us to recognize textures.

Question 72

In a crossed-extensor reflex,if the right arm was grabbed it would flex and the left arm would ________.

A) abduct
B) also flex
C) extend
D) adduct

Question 73

After axonal injury,regeneration in peripheral nerves is guided by ________.

A) Schwann cells
B) Wallerian cells
C) Golgi organs
D) dendrites

Question 74

Transduction refers to conversion of ________.

A) receptor energy to stimulus energy
B) stimulus energy into energy of a graded potential
C) presynaptic nerve impulses to postsynaptic nerve impulses
D) afferent impulses to efferent impulses

Question 75

Bell's palsy is ________.

A) characterized by paralysis of facial muscles
B) often caused by inflammation of the trigeminal nerve
C) characterized by loss of vision
D) characterized by partial paralysis of diaphragm muscles

Question 76

Which of the following is the correct simple spinal reflex arc?

A) receptor, afferent neuron, integration center, efferent neuron, effector
B) receptor, efferent neuron, integration center, afferent neuron, effector
C) effector, afferent neuron, integration center, efferent neuron, receptor
D) effector, efferent neuron, integration center, afferent neuron, receptor

Question 77

Mixed cranial nerves containing both motor and sensory fibers include all except which of the following?

A) facial
B) olfactory
C) oculomotor
D) trigeminal

Question 78

Nerves that carry impulses toward the CNS only are ________.

A) afferent nerves
B) mixed nerves
C) efferent nerves
D) motor nerves

Question 79

Inborn or intrinsic reflexes are ________.

A) involuntary, yet may be modified by learned behavior
B) always mediated by the brain
C) autonomic only
D) rapid, predictable, and can be learned responses

Question 80

Which nerve is compressed in carpal tunnel syndrome?

A) ulnar
B) radial
C) median
D) axillary