Deck 8: Joints

Question 1

Figure 8.2
Using Figure 8.2, what type of axial movement does each joint have?

A) uniaxial
B) biaxial
C) nonaxial
D) multiaxial
Joint 3.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Figure 8.1
Using Figure 8.1, match the following:

A) A
B) C
C) D
D) E
E) B
Articular cartilage.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Figure 8.2
Using Figure 8.2, identify each type of synovial joint by name.

A) pivot
B) saddle
C) hinge
D) condyloid
E) ball and socket
F) plane
Joint 6.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Figure 8.2
Using Figure 8.2, identify each type of synovial joint by name.

A) pivot
B) saddle
C) hinge
D) condyloid
E) ball and socket
F) plane
Joint 5.

Question 5

Figure 8.2
Using Figure 8.2, identify each type of synovial joint by name.

A) pivot
B) saddle
C) hinge
D) condyloid
E) ball and socket
F) plane
Joint 3.

Question 6

Figure 8.2
Using Figure 8.2, identify each type of synovial joint by name.

A) pivot
B) saddle
C) hinge
D) condyloid
E) ball and socket
F) plane
Joint 4.

Question 7

Figure 8.2
Using Figure 8.2, identify each type of synovial joint by name.

A) pivot
B) saddle
C) hinge
D) condyloid
E) ball and socket
F) plane
Joint 2.

Question 8

Figure 8.2
Using Figure 8.2, identify each type of synovial joint by name.

A) pivot
B) saddle
C) hinge
D) condyloid
E) ball and socket
F) plane
Joint 1.

Question 9

Figure 8.1
Using Figure 8.1, match the following:

A) A
B) C
C) D
D) E
E) B
Joint (articular)cavity.

Question 10

Match the following:

A) Syndesmosis
B) Gomphosis
C) Symphysis
D) Suture
Bones are connected exclusively by ligaments.

Question 11

Figure 8.1
Using Figure 8.1, match the following:

A) A
B) C
C) D
D) E
E) B
Fibrous layer.

Question 12

Figure 8.1
Using Figure 8.1, match the following:

A) A
B) C
C) D
D) E
E) B
Periosteum.

Question 13

Figure 8.2
Using Figure 8.2, what type of axial movement does each joint have?

A) uniaxial
B) biaxial
C) nonaxial
D) multiaxial
Joint 1.

Question 14

Match the following:

A) Syndesmosis
B) Gomphosis
C) Symphysis
D) Suture
Tooth in socket.

Question 15

Figure 8.2
Using Figure 8.2, what type of axial movement does each joint have?

A) uniaxial
B) biaxial
C) nonaxial
D) multiaxial
Joint 2.

Question 16

Figure 8.2
Using Figure 8.2, what type of axial movement does each joint have?

A) uniaxial
B) biaxial
C) nonaxial
D) multiaxial
Joint 6.

Question 17

Match the following:

A) Syndesmosis
B) Gomphosis
C) Symphysis
D) Suture
Joint found only in the skull.

Question 18

Figure 8.1
Using Figure 8.1, match the following:

A) A
B) C
C) D
D) E
E) B
Synovial membrane.

Question 19

Figure 8.2
Using Figure 8.2, what type of axial movement does each joint have?

A) uniaxial
B) biaxial
C) nonaxial
D) multiaxial
Joint 5.

Question 20

Figure 8.2
Using Figure 8.2, what type of axial movement does each joint have?

A) uniaxial
B) biaxial
C) nonaxial
D) multiaxial
Joint 4.

Question 21

Supination is the movement of the forearm in which the palm of the hand is turned anteriorly or superiorly.

Question 22

Moving a limb so that it describes a cone in space is called circumduction.

Question 23

The only movement allowed between the first two cervical vertebrae is flexion.

Question 24

A person who has been diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis would be suffering loss of the synovial fluids.

Question 25

The gripping of the trochlea by the trochlear notch constitutes the "hinge" for the elbow joint.

Question 26

Match the following:

A) Syndesmosis
B) Gomphosis
C) Symphysis
D) Suture
Bones united by fibrocartilage.

Question 27

A person who has been diagnosed with a sprained ankle has an injury to the ligaments that attach to that joint.

Question 28

The amount of movement permitted by a particular joint is the basis for the functional classification of that joint.

Question 29

The articular surfaces of synovial joints play a minimal role in joint stability.

Question 30

The major role of ligaments at synovial joints is to unite bones and prevent undesirable movement.

Question 31

Movement at the hip joint does not have as wide a range of motion as at the shoulder joint.

Question 32

Flexion of the ankle so that the superior aspect of the foot approaches the shin is called dorsiflexion.

Question 33

The structural classification of joints is based on the composition of the binding material and the presence or absence of a joint cavity.

Question 34

All joints permit some degree of movement,even if very slight.

Question 35

Synovial fluid is a viscous material that is derived by filtration from blood.

Question 36

Hinge joints permit movement in only two planes.

Question 37

Synovial fluid contains phagocytic cells that protect the cavity from invasion by microbes or other debris.

Question 38

Pronation is a much stronger movement than supination.

Question 39

A ball-and-socket joint is a multiaxial joint.

Question 40

The wrist joint can exhibit adduction and eversion movements.

Question 41

The gliding motion of the wrist uses ________ joints.

A) pivot
B) hinge
C) plane
D) condyloid

Question 42

Synovial fluid is present in joint cavities of freely movable joints.Which of the following statements is true about this fluid?

A) It contains hyaluronic acid.
B) It contains hydrochloric acid.
C) It contains lactic acid.
D) It contains enzymes only.

Question 43

Which of the following statements defines synchondroses?

A) joints that permit angular movements
B) interphalangeal joints
C) amphiarthrotic joints designed for strength and flexibility
D) cartilaginous joints where hyaline cartilage unites the ends of bones

Question 44

Bending of the tip of the finger exhibits flexion.

Question 45

In symphysis joints the articular surfaces of the bones are covered with ________.

A) synovial membranes
B) fibrocartilage
C) tendon sheaths
D) hyaline cartilage

Question 46

Synarthrotic joints ________.

A) characterize all cartilaginous joints
B) are found only in adults
C) have large joint cavities
D) are immovable joints

Question 47

Bending your head back until it hurts is an example of ________.

A) circumduction
B) extension
C) hyperextension
D) flexion

Question 48

On the basis of structural classification,which is a fibrous joint?

A) pivot
B) syndesmosis
C) symphysis
D) synchondrosis

Question 49

Symphyses are synarthrotic joints designed for strength with flexibility.

Question 50

Articulations permitting only slight degrees of movement are ________.

A) synarthroses
B) amphiarthroses
C) diarthroses
D) synovial joints

Question 51

The ligaments that protect the alignment of the femoral and tibial condyles and limit the movement of the femur anteriorly and posteriorly are called ________.

A) anterior ligaments
B) cruciate ligaments
C) tibial collateral ligaments
D) patellar ligaments

Question 52

Which of the following are cartilaginous joints?

A) syndesmoses
B) gomphoses
C) synchondroses
D) sutures

Question 53

The cruciate ligaments of the knee ________.

A) are also called collateral ligaments
B) prevent hyperextension of the knee
C) tend to run parallel to one another
D) attach to each other in their midportions

Question 54

Connective tissue sacs lined with synovial membrane that act as cushions in places where friction develops are called ________.

A) menisci
B) ligaments
C) tendons
D) bursae

Question 55

Fibrous joints are classified as ________.

A) hinge, saddle, and ellipsoidal
B) sutures, syndesmoses, and gomphoses
C) symphysis, sacroiliac, and articular
D) pivot, hinge, and ball and socket

Question 56

Which of the following is a true statement regarding gliding movements?

A) Gliding movements allow flexibility of the upper limbs.
B) Gliding movements occur at the intercarpal and intertarsal joints.
C) An example of a gliding movement is nodding one's head.
D) Gliding movements are multiaxial.

Question 57

In the classification of joints,which of the following is true?

A) In cartilaginous joints, a joint cavity is present.
B) All synovial joints are freely movable.
C) Synarthrotic joints are slightly movable.
D) Immovable joints are called amphiarthroses.

Question 58

What are menisci (articular discs)?

A) wedges of fibrocartilage that partially or completely divide the synovial cavity
B) small sacs containing synovial fluid
C) cavities lined with cartilage
D) tendon sheaths

Question 59

Dislocations in the TMJ almost always dislocate posteriorly with the mandibular condyles ending up in the infratemporal fossa.

Question 60

A joint united by fibrocartilage tissue that usually permits a slight degree of movement is a ________.

A) symphysis
B) gomphosis
C) suture
D) syndesmosis

Question 61

An example of an interosseous fibrous joint is ________.

A) the clavicle and the scapula at the distal ends
B) between the vertebrae
C) the radius and ulna along its length
D) between the humerus and the glenoid cavity

Question 62

Which of the following statements best describes angular movements?

A) They change (increase or decrease) the angle between two bones.
B) They occur only between bones with flat articular processes.
C) They turn a bone along its own long axis.
D) They allow movement only in one plane.

Question 63

Performing "jumping jacks" requires ________.

A) pronation and supination
B) flexion and extention
C) abduction and adduction
D) inversion and eversion

Question 64

Baseball pitchers often require "Tommy John" surgery to repair damage to their elbow.Which ligament would this surgery target?

A) lateral ligament
B) acetabular labrum
C) anular ligament
D) ulnar collateral ligament

Question 65

Tendon sheaths ________.

A) act as friction-reducing structures
B) help anchor the tendon to the muscle
C) are lined with dense irregular connective tissue
D) are extensions of periosteum

Question 66

Moving your jaw forward,causing an underbite,is called ________.

A) pronation
B) retraction
C) adduction
D) protraction

Question 67

Which of the following movements does NOT increase or decrease the angle between bones?

A) extension
B) rotation
C) abduction
D) circumduction

Question 68

Saddle joints have concave and convex surfaces.Identify a saddle joint of the skeleton.

A) carpometacarpal joint of the phalanges
B) carpometacarpal joint of the thumb
C) metacarpophalangeal joint of the finger
D) interphalangeal joint of the finger

Question 69

Pointing the toes is an example of ________.

A) pronation
B) circumduction
C) protraction
D) plantar flexion

Question 70

Which ligament of the knee initiates the knee-jerk reflex when tapped?

A) the medial patellar retinacula
B) the patellar ligament
C) the lateral patellar retinacula
D) the extracapsular ligament

Question 71

All of the following are factors that influence synovial joint stability EXCEPT?

A) structure and shape of the articulating bone
B) strength and tension of joint ligaments
C) arrangement and tension of the muscles
D) number of bones in the joint

Question 72

The terms inversion and eversion pertain only to the ________.

A) arms
B) feet
C) hands
D) hands and the feet

Question 73

Presence of a synovial cavity,articular cartilage,synovial membrane,and ligaments are characteristics of what type of joint?

A) hinge joint
B) symphysis
C) suture
D) synchondrosis

Question 74

Which of the following is NOT strictly a part of a synovial joint?

A) articular cartilage
B) tendon sheath
C) joint (articular) cavity
D) articular (joint) capsule

Question 75

Compared to the shoulder,displacements of the hip joints are ________.

A) rare because of the ligament reinforcement
B) common due to the weight bearing the hip endures
C) rare because the rotator cuff stabilizes the hip joint
D) common in all people who are overweight

Question 76

Which of the following is a true statement?

A) The annular ligament surrounds the head of the radius.
B) The rotator cuff is responsible for the flexible extensions at the elbow joint.
C) The head of the humerus articulates with the acromion process.
D) The greater tubercle of the humerus articulates at the coracoid process of the scapula.

Question 77

What is moving a limb away from the midline of the body along the frontal plane called?

A) flexion
B) abduction
C) extension
D) adduction

Question 78

Football players often sustain lateral blows to the extended knee.Which of the following is (are)damaged as a result?

A) tibial collateral ligament, medial meniscus, and anterior cruciate ligament
B) arcuate popliteal and the posterior cruciate ligaments
C) suprapatellar ligament
D) oblique popliteal and extracapsular ligaments

Question 79

The hip joint is a good example of a(n)________ synovial joint.

A) uniaxial
B) biaxial
C) multiaxial
D) nonaxial

Question 80

Extracapsular ligaments stabilizing the knee include ________.

A) the patellar ligament extending from femur to patella
B) cruciate ligaments, which help secure the articulating bones together
C) fibular and tibial collateral ligaments, which prevent lateral or medial rotation
D) the oblique popliteal crossing the knee anteriorly