Deck 1: The Human Body: an Orientation

Question 1

Match the following systems to their functions:

A) Lymphatic
B) Endocrine
C) Immune
D) Cardiovascular
Controls the body with chemical molecules called hormones.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Match the following examples of feedback mechanisms:

A) Negative feedback
B) Positive feedback
Used for changes in blood pressure.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Match the following systems to their functions:

A) Muscular
B) Skeletal
C) Integumentary
D) Nervous
Prevents water loss,entry of germs into the body and synthesizes vitamin D.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Figure 1.2
Using Figure 1.2, match the following descriptions to the most appropriate letter on the diagram:

A) E
B) A
C) B
D) D
E) C
Appropriate response information is sent through efferent pathways.

Question 5

Figure 1.2
Using Figure 1.2, match the following descriptions to the most appropriate letter on the diagram:

A) E
B) A
C) B
D) D
E) C
Information about body temperature is sent through afferent pathways to the brain.

Question 6

Match the following examples of feedback mechanisms:

A) Negative feedback
B) Positive feedback
Used for blood clotting.

Question 7

Match the following systems to their functions:

A) Lymphatic
B) Endocrine
C) Immune
D) Cardiovascular
Delivers oxygen and nutrients to the tissues.

Question 8

Figure 1.1
Using Figure 1.1, match the following cavities:

A) D
B) A
C) C
D) B
Abdominal cavity.

Question 9

Figure 1.1
Using Figure 1.1, match the following cavities:

A) D
B) A
C) C
D) B
Vertebral cavity.

Question 10

Match the following systems to their functions:

A) Muscular
B) Skeletal
C) Integumentary
D) Nervous
Responds to environmental changes by transmitting electrical impulses.

Question 11

Match the following systems to their functions:

A) Muscular
B) Skeletal
C) Integumentary
D) Nervous
Provides the force to move bones about their joints.

Question 12

Figure 1.1
Using Figure 1.1, match the following cavities:

A) D
B) A
C) C
D) B
Cranial cavity.

Question 13

Figure 1.2
Using Figure 1.2, match the following descriptions to the most appropriate letter on the diagram:

A) E
B) A
C) B
D) D
E) C
A change in the temperature of the external environment (getting colder).

Question 14

Match the following systems to their functions:

A) Lymphatic
B) Endocrine
C) Immune
D) Cardiovascular
Removes and filters excess fluid from tissues.

Question 15

Figure 1.2
Using Figure 1.2, match the following descriptions to the most appropriate letter on the diagram:

A) E
B) A
C) B
D) D
E) C
Skeletal muscles respond with shivering reflex which provides heat to return the body's temperature to a homeostatic balance or "ideal" value.

Question 16

Match the following systems to their functions:

A) Lymphatic
B) Endocrine
C) Immune
D) Cardiovascular
Produces antibodies that attach to foreign substances.

Question 17

Figure 1.2
Using Figure 1.2, match the following descriptions to the most appropriate letter on the diagram:

A) E
B) A
C) B
D) D
E) C
Free nerve endings in the skin detect changes in skin temperature (getting colder).

Question 18

Figure 1.1
Using Figure 1.1, match the following cavities:

A) D
B) A
C) C
D) B
Thoracic cavity.

Question 19

Match the following examples of feedback mechanisms:

A) Negative feedback
B) Positive feedback
Used for changes in blood glucose levels.

Question 20

Match the following systems to their functions:

A) Muscular
B) Skeletal
C) Integumentary
D) Nervous
Provides a ridged framework to support the body and stores minerals.

Question 21

Match the following systems and organs:

A) Respiratory
B) Endocrine
C) Digestive
D) Urinary
E) Cardiovascular
Kidneys,bladder,ureters.

Question 22

Match the regional/directional terms and examples:

A) Proximal
B) Anterior
C) Distal
D) Medial
E) Lateral
The upper arm is ________ to the forearm.

Question 23

Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA)imaging is most useful in discovering obstructed blood supplies in organs and tissues.

Question 24

Match the following regional terms and common terms:

A) Brachial
B) Gluteal
C) Thoracic
D) Patellar
E) Cephalic
Chest.

Question 25

Match the following systems and organs:

A) Respiratory
B) Endocrine
C) Digestive
D) Urinary
E) Cardiovascular
Adrenal glands,pancreas,pituitary.

Question 26

Match the regional/directional terms and examples:

A) Proximal
B) Anterior
C) Distal
D) Medial
E) Lateral
The stomach is ________ to the spine.

Question 27

Match the following systems and organs:

A) Respiratory
B) Endocrine
C) Digestive
D) Urinary
E) Cardiovascular
Arteries,veins,heart.

Question 28

Match the following regional terms and common terms:

A) Brachial
B) Gluteal
C) Thoracic
D) Patellar
E) Cephalic
Buttock.

Question 29

Match the following regional terms and common terms:

A) Brachial
B) Gluteal
C) Thoracic
D) Patellar
E) Cephalic
Head.

Question 30

Match the following regional terms and common terms:

A) Brachial
B) Gluteal
C) Thoracic
D) Patellar
E) Cephalic
Knee (anterior aspect).

Question 31

Match the regional/directional terms and examples:

A) Proximal
B) Anterior
C) Distal
D) Medial
E) Lateral
The fingers are ________ to the wrist.

Question 32

Positive feedback mechanisms tend to enhance the original stimulus so that the response is accelerated.

Question 33

Match the following systems and organs:

A) Respiratory
B) Endocrine
C) Digestive
D) Urinary
E) Cardiovascular
Trachea,bronchi,alveoli.

Question 34

Match the following examples of feedback mechanisms:

A) Negative feedback
B) Positive feedback
Used for childbirth.

Question 35

The part of the serous membrane that lines the peritoneal cavity wall is called visceral peritoneum.

Question 36

Match the following regional terms and common terms:

A) Brachial
B) Gluteal
C) Thoracic
D) Patellar
E) Cephalic
Arm.

Question 37

Match the regional/directional terms and examples:

A) Proximal
B) Anterior
C) Distal
D) Medial
E) Lateral
The bridge of the nose is ________ to the left eye.

Question 38

Match the regional/directional terms and examples:

A) Proximal
B) Anterior
C) Distal
D) Medial
E) Lateral
The lungs are ________ to the heart.

Question 39

The elbow is proximal to the shoulder.

Question 40

Match the following systems and organs:

A) Respiratory
B) Endocrine
C) Digestive
D) Urinary
E) Cardiovascular
Esophagus,large intestine,rectum.

Question 41

Embryology concerns the structural changes that occur in an individual from conception through old age.

Question 42

Lungs carry out an excretory function.

Question 43

The parietal pleura would represent a serous membrane ________.

A) lining the abdominal cavity
B) covering the heart
C) covering individual lungs
D) lining the thoracic cavity

Question 44

The epigastric region is superior to the umbilical region.

Question 45

A tissue consists of groups of similar cells that have a common function.

Question 46

The study of large body structures,visible to the naked eye,such as the heart is called ________ anatomy.

A) microscopic
B) gross
C) systemic
D) developmental

Question 47

Generally what is the result of the negative feedback process?

A) to keep the body's blood sugar level high
B) to control body movement
C) to regulate excretion via the kidneys
D) to maintain homeostasis

Question 48

A major function of serous membranes is to decrease friction.

Question 49

Without some sort of negative feedback mechanism,it would be impossible to keep our body chemistry in balance.

Question 50

Histology would be best defined as a study of ________.

A) tissues
B) the gross structures of the body
C) cell chemistry
D) cells

Question 51

Which one of the following systems responds fastest to environmental stimuli?

A) immune
B) lymphatic
C) muscular
D) nervous

Question 52

Responsiveness or irritability is the ability to sense changes in the environment and then respond to them.

Question 53

A good example of a positive feedback mechanism would be ________.

A) enhancement of labor contractions
B) body temperature regulation
C) blood calcium level regulation
D) regulating glucose levels in the blood

Question 54

A structure that is composed of two or more tissue types that work together to perform specific functions for the body is a(n)________.

A) complex tissue
B) organ
C) complex cell
D) organ system

Question 55

Homeostasis is the condition in which the body maintains ________.

A) a dynamic state within an unlimited range, depending on circumstances
B) a relatively stable internal environment, within limits
C) the lowest possible energy usage
D) a static state with no deviation from preset points

Question 56

The right hypochondriac region contains the majority of the stomach.

Question 57

The coxal joint is most likely found in ________ region of the body.

A) hip
B) hand
C) foot
D) groin

Question 58

Choose the anatomical topic and definition that is not correctly matched.

A) Cytology: study of the structures in a particular region.
B) Microscopic anatomy: study of structures too small to be seen by the naked eye.
C) Embryology: study of the changes in an individual from conception to birth.
D) Gross anatomy: study of structures visible to the eye.

Question 59

Which of the following organs or structures would be found in the left iliac region?

A) liver
B) appendix
C) intestines
D) stomach

Question 60

It is important for any organism to maintain its boundaries,so that its internal environment remains distinct from the external environment surrounding it.

Question 61

What is a vertical section through the body,dividing it into anterior and posterior regions called?

A) median
B) sagittal
C) frontal
D) transverse

Question 62

One of the descriptions below is from the perspective of anatomical study,the rest are from a physiological perspective.Select the description below that comes from an anatomical perspective.

A) The extremely thin tissue (simple squamous epithelium) of the lungs allows for the quick diffusion of respiratory gases into and out of the body.
B) The direction of blood flow through the heart is directed by one way valves.
C) The cell-to-cell connections between heart (cardiac) muscle cells are strong. They hold the tissue together for a life time of forceful contractions.
D) The innermost lining of the lungs is composed primarily of a thin tissue called simple squamous epithelium.

Question 63

One of the functional characteristics of life is excitability or responsiveness.This refers to ________.

A) the necessity for all organisms to reproduce
B) sensing changes in the environment and then reacting or responding to them
C) indigestible food residues stimulating the excretory system
D) the nervous system causing all living things to sometimes experience anger

Question 64

The body cavities that protect the nervous system are located in the ________ cavity.

A) ventral
B) cranial
C) dorsal
D) vertebral
E) thoracic

Question 65

Which of the following statements is the most correct regarding homeostatic imbalance?

A) It is considered the cause of most diseases.
B) Positive feedback mechanisms are overwhelmed.
C) Negative feedback mechanisms are functioning normally.
D) The internal environment is becoming more stable.

Question 66

Which of the following is the best explanation for why cells are considered the smallest units of living things.

A) Cells are the simplest structure to fit all of the characteristic necessary to be considered alive.
B) Cells have the ability to reproduce identical copies of themselves in a process called mitosis.
C) Cells are highly ordered and complex.
D) Cells cannot be seen with the naked eye and are considered microscopic.

Question 67

One of the descriptions below is from the perspective of physiological study,the rest are from an anatomical perspective.Select the description below that comes from physiological perspective.

A) The pancreas lies deep to the stomach within the abdominal cavity.
B) The skull is formed by 22 facial and cranial bones.
C) The contraction of smooth muscle in blood vessels (vasoconstriction) can reduce the flow of blood through the vessel.
D) The chambers of the heart and blood vessels leading to and from the heart are separated by valves composed of fibrous connective tissue.

Question 68

In which body cavities are the lungs located?

A) pleural, dorsal, and abdominal
B) pleural, ventral, and thoracic
C) pericardial, ventral, and thoracic
D) mediastinal, thoracic, and ventral

Question 69

The study of anatomy and physiology assumes and describes a healthy body.Select the description below that does NOT explain why this approach is useful.

A) Study of a healthy body is less intimidating and more familiar new students.
B) A healthy body provides a common standard to compare to.
C) A healthy body establishes what "normal" is.
D) Study of a healthy body provides a foundation for a more complete understanding of all human bodies.

Question 70

Which of the following are survival needs of the body?

A) nutrients, water, growth, and reproduction
B) nutrients, water, atmospheric pressure, and oxygen
C) nutrients, water, movement, and reproduction
D) water, atmospheric pressure, growth, and movement

Question 71

What is a vertical section through the body,dividing it into left and right,called?

A) frontal
B) transverse
C) regional
D) sagittal

Question 72

The dorsal body cavity is the site of which of the following?

A) liver
B) brain
C) intestines
D) lungs

Question 73

Which of the following imaging devices would best localize a tumor in a person's brain?

A) PET
B) DSA
C) MRI
D) X ray

Question 74

In which quadrant of the abdominopelvic cavity is the stomach located?

A) left upper quadrant
B) right upper quadrant
C) right lower quadrant
D) left lower quadrant

Question 75

Place the following in correct sequence from simplest to most complex: 1.molecules
2)atoms
3)tissues
4)cells
5)organs

A) 1-2-4-3-5
B) 2-1-4-3-5
C) 1-2-3-4-5
D) 2-1-3-4-5

Question 76

Which of the following describes the operation of the heart and blood vessels?

A) systemic anatomy
B) cardiovascular anatomy
C) cardiovascular physiology
D) systemic physiology

Question 77

Select the most correct statement.

A) Organ systems can be composed of cells or tissues, but not both.
B) The immune system is closely associated with the lymphatic system.
C) Organ systems operate independently of each other to maintain life.
D) The endocrine system is not a true structural organ system.

Question 78

Which of these is not part of the dorsal cavity?

A) spinal cord
B) cranial cavity
C) thoracic cavity
D) vertebral cavity

Question 79

The term pollex refers to the ________.

A) fingers
B) thumb
C) great toe
D) calf

Question 80

It is wise to study anatomy alongside with physiology because ________.

A) it makes for more efficient use of students' and teachers' time
B) physiology is only explainable in terms of the underlying anatomy
C) anatomy and physiology are practically the same thing
D) to understand anatomy requires complete understanding of physiology