Deck 1: Introduction

Question 1

Which one of the following is an example of a physical property?

A)dynamite explodes
B)meat rots if it is not refrigerated
C)gasoline burns
D)ice floats on top of liquid water
E)a silver platter tarnishes

Answer 1

ice floats on top of liquid water

Question 2

Complete the following sentence. A scientific law is

A)a tentative explanation for a set of observations that can be tested by further experimentation.
B)a statement describing a relationship between phenomena that is always the same under the same conditions.
C)a unifying principle that explains a body of facts and relations.
D)a model used to visualize the invisible.

Answer 2

a statement describing a relationship between phenomena that is always the same under the same conditions.

Question 3

Which one of the following represents a physical change?

A)water, when heated to 100 ^$\circ$ C, forms steam
B)bleach turns hair yellow
C)sugar, when heated, becomes brown
D)milk turns sour
E)apples, when exposed to air, turn brown

Answer 3

water, when heated to 100 ^$\circ$ C, forms steam

Question 4

A nanometer corresponds to:

A)10^{- 2} meters.
B)10^{- 3} meters.
C)10^{- 6} meters.
D)10^{- 9} meters.
E)10^{- 12} meters.

Question 5

A concise verbal or mathematical statement of a relationship between phenomena that is always the same under the same conditions is referred to as

A)a hypothesis.
B)a law.
C)a theory.
D)none of the above.

Question 6

Which one of the following represents a chemical change?

A)boiling water to form steam
B)burning a piece of coal
C)heating lead until it melts
D)mixing iron filings and sand at room temperature
E)breaking glass

Question 7

Complete the following sentence. A hypothesis is

A)a tentative explanation for a set of observations that can be tested by further experimentation.
B)a statement describing a relationship between phenomena that is always the same under the same conditions.
C)a unifying principle that explains a body of facts and relations.
D)a model used to visualize the invisible.

Question 8

A microliter corresponds to:

A)10^{- 2} liters.
B)10^{- 3} liters.
C)10^{- 6} liters.
D)10^{- 9} liters.
E)10^{- 12} liters.

Question 9

A unifying principle that explains a body of facts and relations is referred to as

A)a hypothesis.
B)a law.
C)a theory.
D)none of the above.

Question 10

All of the following are properties of tin. Which one is a chemical property of tin?

A)Tin can be hammered into a thin sheet.
B)At -40 ^$\circ$ C a sheet of tin crumbles to a gray powder.
C)Tin melts at 231.9 ^$\circ$ C.
D)When a bar of tin is bent, it emits an audible "cry".
E)Tin erodes when added to hydrochloric acid, and a clear gas forms.

Question 11

A tentative explanation for a set of observations that can be tested by further experimentation is referred to as

A)a hypothesis.
B)a law.
C)a theory.
D)none of the above.

Question 12

All of the following are properties of sodium. Which one is a physical property of sodium?

A)It is a surface turns black when first exposed to air.
B)It is a solid at 25 ^$\circ$ C and changes to a liquid when heated to 98 ^$\circ$ C.
C)When placed in water it sizzles and a gas is formed.
D)When placed in contact with chlorine it forms a compound that melts at 801 ^$\circ$ C.
E)Sodium is never found as the pure metal in nature.

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of a physical property?

A)corrosiveness of sulfuric acid
B)toxicity of cyanide
C)flammability of gasoline
D)neutralization of stomach acid with an antacid
E)lead becomes a liquid when heated to 601 ^$\circ$ C

Question 14

Which of the following does not represent a chemical change?

A)a freshly cut apple turns brown
B)milk turns sour on standing at room temperature
C)when cooled to 0 ^$\circ$ C, liquid water becomes ice
D)frying an egg
E)fermentation of sugar to alcohol

Question 15

The SI prefixes milli and mega represent, respectively:

A)10⁶ and 10^{- 6}.
B)10^{- 3} and 10⁶.
C)10³ and 10^{- 6}.
D)10^{- 3} and 10⁹.
E)10^{- 6} and 10^{- 3}.

Question 16

Choose the response that includes all the items listed below that are pure substances.
i. orange juice
ii. steam
iii. ocean water
iv. oxygen
v. vegetable soup

A)i, iii, v
B)ii, iv
C)i, iii, iv
D)iv only
E)all of them are pure

Question 17

How many milliliters is 0.005 L?

A)0.5 mL
B)5 mL
C)0.50 mL
D)0.000005 mL
E)200 mL

Question 18

The SI prefixes kilo and centi represent, respectively:

A)10³ and 10^{- 2}.
B)10⁶ and 10^{- 1}.
C)10^{- 3} and 10^{- 2}.
D)10^{- 6} and 10².
E)10² and 10^{- 3}.

Question 19

The SI prefixes nano and deci represent, respectively:

A)10^{- 9} and 10^{- 6}.
B)10⁶ and 10^{- 3}.
C)10³ and 10^{- 3}.
D)10⁹ and 10^{- 6}.
E)10^{- 9} and 10^{- 1}.

Question 20

Complete the following sentence. A theory is

A)a tentative explanation for a set of observations that can be tested by further experimentation.
B)a statement describing a relationship between phenomena that is always the same under the same conditions.
C)a unifying principle that explains a body of facts and relations.
D)a model used to visualize the invisible.

Question 21

The diameter of Earth is 12.7 Mm. Express this diameter in centimeters.

A)1.27 * 10⁵ cm
B)1.27 * 10⁶ cm
C)1.27 * 10⁷ cm
D)1.27 * 10⁸ cm
E)1.27 * 10⁹ cm

Question 22

How many significant figures does the result of the following sum contain? 8.5201 + 1.93

A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4
E)5

Question 23

Liquid nitrogen boils at -195.8 ^$\circ$ C. Express the boiling point of liquid nitrogen in kelvin.

A)-469.0 K
B)-77.4 K
C)all temperatures are 0 K on the Kelvin scale
D)77.4 K
E)469.0 K

Question 24

The highest temperature ever recorded in Phoenix, Arizona, was 122 ^$\circ$ F. Express this temperature in ^$\circ$ C.

A)50.0 ^$\circ$ C
B)64.4 ^$\circ$ C
C)67.8 ^$\circ$ C
D)162.0 ^$\circ$ C
E)219.6 ^$\circ$ C

Question 25

Express the number 26.7 in scientific notation.

A)2.67 * 10^-2
B)2.67 * 10^-1
C)2.67 * 10¹
D)2.67 * 10²
E)26.7 is already written in scientific notation

Question 26

Express the number 0.000053 in scientific notation.

A)5.3 *10^-2
B)5.3 * 10^-3
C)5.3 * 10^-4
D)5.3 * 10^-5
E)5.3 * 10^-6

Question 27

Express the fraction 1/23 as a decimal to 4 significant figures.

A)0.0434
B)0.0435
C)0.04347
D)0.04348
E)0.04350

Question 28

After carrying out the following operations, how many significant figures are appropriate to show in the result? (13.7 + 0.027) / 8.221

A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4
E)5

Question 29

Lead melts at 601.0 ^$\circ$ C. What temperature is this in ^oF?

A)302 ^$\circ$ F
B)365 ^$\circ$ F
C)1,050 ^$\circ$ F
D)1,082 ^$\circ$ F
E)1,114 ^$\circ$ F

Question 30

The number 1.050 * 10⁹ has how many significant figures?

A)2
B)3
C)4
D)9
E)13

Question 31

Express 7,500 nm as picometers.

A)7.50 pm
B)75.0 pm
C)750 pm
D)7.5 * 10⁶ pm
E)7.5 * 10¹² pm

Question 32

How many significant figures are there in 1.3070 g?

A)6
B)5
C)4
D)3
E)2

Question 33

Dry ice (carbon dioxide)changes from a solid to a gas at -78.5 ^$\circ$ C. What is this temperature in ^$\circ$ F?

A)-173 ^$\circ$ F
B)-12.6 ^$\circ$ F
C)-109 ^$\circ$ F
D)-75.6 ^$\circ$ F
E)none of them are within 2 ^$\circ$ F of the right answer

Question 34

Express the fraction 1/51 in scientific notation to 3 significant figures.

A)2 * 10^-2.00
B)2.0 * 10^-2.00
C)1.96 * 10^-2
D)1.97 * 10^-2
E)2.00 * 10^-2

Question 35

In 1828, the diameter of the U.S. dime was changed to approximately 18 mm. What is this diameter when expressed in nanometers?

A)1.8 * 10⁹ nm
B)1.8 * 10⁷ nm
C)1.8 * 10¹ nm
D)1.8 * 10^{- 5} nm
E)1.8 * 10^{- 10} nm

Question 36

Many home freezers maintain a temperature of 0 ^$\circ$ F. Express this temperature in ^$\circ$ C.

A)-32 ^$\circ$ C
B)-18 ^$\circ$ C
C)0 ^$\circ$ C
D)18 ^$\circ$ C
E)57.6 ^$\circ$ C

Question 37

The element gallium melts at 29.8 ^$\circ$ C. What temperature is this in ^$\circ$ F?

A)-54.1 ^$\circ$ F
B)-7.8 ^$\circ$ F
C)+13.5 ^$\circ$ F
D)+51.3 ^$\circ$ F
E)+85.6 ^$\circ$ F

Question 38

Which of the following represents the largest mass?

A)2.0 * 10² mg
B)0.0010 kg
C)1.0 * 10⁵ ng
D)2.0 * 10² cg
E)10.0 dg

Question 39

How many significant figures does the result of the following operation contain? 8.52010 * 7.9

A)2
B)3
C)4
D)5
E)6

Question 40

Liquid nitrogen boils at -195.8 ^$\circ$ C. Express the boiling point of liquid nitrogen in ^$\circ$ F.

A)-384.4 ^$\circ$ F
B)-352.4 ^$\circ$ F
C)-320.4 ^$\circ$ F
D)-140.8 ^$\circ$ F
E)-76.8 ^$\circ$ F

Question 41

A piece of metal with a mass of 611 g is placed into a graduated cylinder that contains 25.1 mL of water, raising the water level to 56.7 mL. What is the density of the metal?

A)2.70 g/cm³
B)7.13 g/cm³
C)8.96 g/cm³
D)10.5 g/cm³
E)19.3 g/cm³

Question 42

Suppose a house has a floor area of 2,250 square feet. What is this area in units of square centimeters?

A)2.42 cm²
B)2.09 * 10⁶ cm²
C)5.02 * 10⁴ cm²
D)6.86 * 10⁴ cm²
E)101 cm²

Question 43

If the price of gasoline is $2.99 per U.S. gallon, what is the cost per liter? (1 L = 1.06 qt)

A)$0.30/L
B)$0.79/L
C)$1.27/L
D)$2.99/L
E)$12.66/L

Question 44

A US barrel is 4.21 cubic feet. Express this volume in liters.

A)3.99 * 10^-5 L
B)1.99 * 10^-2 L
C)19.9 L
D)105 L
E)119 L

Question 45

What is the area, in square centimeters, of an 8.5 inch by 11 inch sheet of paper?

A)94 cm²
B)240 cm²
C)420 cm²
D)6.0 * 10² cm²
E)1.2 * 10⁴ cm²

Question 46

How many cubic centimeters are there in exactly one cubic meter?

A)1 * 10^-6 cm³
B)1 * 10^-3 cm³
C)1 * 10^-2 cm³
D)1 * 10⁴ cm³
E)1 * 10⁶ cm³

Question 47

When 7.02^oC is converted to the Fahrenheit scale, how many significant figures are there in the ^$\circ$ F result?

A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4
E)5

Question 48

Do the indicated arithmetic and give the answer to the correct number of significant figures. (1.5 * 10^-4 * 61.3)+ 2.01 =

A)2.0192
B)2.0
C)2.019
D)2.02
E)2.019195

Question 49

A barrel of oil contains 42.0 gallons. How many liters is this? (1L = 1.06 qt)

A)9.9 L
B)11 L
C)142 L
D)158 L
E)178 L

Question 50

What is the volume, in cubic inches, of a brick that is 4.0 in * 2.7 in * 8.0 in?

A)15 in³
B)51 in³
C)78 in³
D)87 in³
E)150 in³

Question 51

What is the volume, in cubic centimeters, of a brick that is 4.0 in * 2.7 in * 8.0 in?

A)5.3 cm³
B)53 cm³
C)87 cm³
D)4.8 * 10² cm³
E)1.4 * 10³ cm³

Question 52

A piece of a metal alloy with a mass of 114 g was placed into a graduated cylinder that contained 25.0 mL of water, raising the water level to 42.5 mL. What is the density of the metal?

A)0.154 g/cm³
B)0.592 g/cm³
C)2.68 g/cm³
D)6.51 g/cm³
E)7.25 g/cm³

Question 53

Convert 500. milliliters to quarts. (1L = 1.06 qt)

A)1.88 qt
B)0.472 qt
C)0.528 qt
D)4.72 * 10⁵ qt
E)5.28 * 10⁵ qt

Question 54

The average distance from Earth to the sun is 9.3 * 10⁷ miles. How many kilometers is this?

A)1.5 * 10⁸ km
B)1.5 * 10⁵ km
C)5.6 * 10⁷ km
D)1.7 * 10 ^{- 8} km
E)1.5 * 10¹¹ km

Question 55

How many square kilometers are equivalent to 28.5 cm²?

A)2.85 * 10^-9 km²
B)2.85 * 10^-6 km²
C)285 km²
D)2.85 * 10^-4 km²
E)none of these

Question 56

How many significant figures does the result of the following sum contain? 8.520 + 2.7

A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4
E)5

Question 57

How many significant figures does the difference 218.7201 - 218.63 contain?

A)1
B)2
C)3
D)5
E)7

Question 58

How many cubic inches are in 1.00 liter?

A)61.0 in³
B)155 in³
C)394 in³
D)1.64 * 10⁴ in³
E)none of them

Question 59

An aluminum beverage can contains 12.0 fluid ounces of liquid. Express this volume in liters. (1 fl oz = 29.6 mL)

A)4.07 * 10^-2 L
B)0.355 L
C)0.407 L
D)2.46 L
E)3.55 * 10² L

Question 60

If a car has an EPA mileage rating of 30 miles per gallon, what is this rating in kilometers per liter? (1 L = 1.06 qt)

A)200 km/L
B)180 km/L
C)70 km/L
D)13 km/L
E)11 km/L

Question 61

Which of the following speeds is the greatest? (1 mile = 1609 m)

A)40 mi/h
B)2.0 * 10⁵ mm/min
C)40 km/h
D)0.74 km/min
E)400 m/min

Question 62

Iron has a density of 7.87 g/cm³. What mass of iron would be required to cover a football playing surface of 120 yds *60 yds to a depth of 1.0 mm? (1 inch = 2.54 cm; 1 lb = 453.6 g)

A)6.4 * 10³ lb
B)6.4 * 10⁴ lb
C)1.0 * 10⁵ lb
D)4.7 * 10⁷ lb
E)4.7 * 10⁸ lb

Question 63

How many cubic centimeters of an ore containing only 0.22% gold (by mass)must be processed to obtain $100 worth of gold? The density of the ore is 8.0 g/cm³ and the price of gold is $818 per troy ounce. (14.6 troy oz = 1.0 ordinary pound, called an avoirdupois pound; 1 lb = 454 g)

A)0.48 cm³
B)220 cm³
C)1.4 * 10³ cm³
D)1.7 * 10³ cm³
E)1.8* 10⁴ cm³

Question 64

Iron has a density of 7.86 g/cm³. The volume occupied by 55.85 g of iron is

A)0.141 cm³.
B)7.11 cm³.
C)2.8 cm³.
D)439 cm³.
E)None of the above.

Question 65

Radio waves travel at the speed of light, which is 3.00 * 10⁸ m/s. How many minutes does it take for a radio message to reach Earth from Saturn if Saturn is 7.9 * 10⁸ km from Earth?

A)4.4 * 10 ^-2 min
B)1.6 * 10⁵ min
C)4.0 * 10¹⁵ min
D)44 min
E)2.6 min

Question 66

Iridium is essentially tied with osmium for the distinction of being called the "densest element" with a density of 22.5 g/cm³. What would be the mass in pounds of a 1.0 ft * 1.0 ft * 1.0 ft cube of iridium? (1 lb = 453.6 g)

A)1.5 lb
B)5.2 lb
C)6.20 lb
D)1.4 * 10 ³ lb
E)6.4 * 10 ⁵ lb

Question 67

The recommended daily allowance (RDA)of calcium is 1.2 g. Calcium carbonate contains 12.0% calcium by mass. How many grams of calcium carbonate are needed to provide the RDA of calcium?

A)0.10 g
B)0.14 g
C)1.2 g
D)10 g
E)14 g

Question 68

What is the volume of a 2.5 g block of metal if its density is 4.75 g/cm³?

A)0.53 cm³
B)1.9 cm³
C)2.5 cm³
D)4.75 cm³
E)11.9 cm³

Question 69

The "escape velocity" from Earth (the speed required to escape Earth's gravity)is 2.5 * 10⁴ miles per hour. What is this speed in m/s? (1 mile = 1609 m)

A)4.2 * 10^-3 m/s
B)6.9 m/s
C)4.2 * 10² m/s
D)1.1 * 10⁴ m/s
E)4.0 * 10⁷ m/s

Question 70

The density of mercury is 13.6 g/cm³. What volume (in quarts)is occupied by 100. g of Hg? (1 L = 1.06 qt)

A)144 qt
B)7.35 qt
C)7.79 qt
D)7.79 * 10 ^{- 3} qt
E)1.44 * 10 ^{- 4} qt

Question 71

The city of Los Angeles is now approximately 2400 miles south of Alaska. It is moving slowly northward as the San Andreas fault slides along. If Los Angeles is to arrive near Anchorage, Alaska, in 76 million years, at what average rate will it have to move in mm per month?

A)2.0 * 10 ^{- 10} mm/mo.
B)6.6 * 10 ^{- 6} mm/mo.
C)4.2 mm/mo.
D)9.5 mm/mo.
E)51 mm/mo.

Question 72

Calculate the mass of the air contained in a room that measures 2.50 m * 5.50 m * 3.00 m (density of air = 1.29 g/dm³ at 25 ^$\circ$ C).

A)3.13 * 10 ^-5 g
B)32.0 kg
C)53.2 kg
D)53.2 g
E)None of the above.

Question 73

A block of iron has a mass of 826 g. What is the mass of a block of magnesium that has the same volume as the block of iron? The following densities at 25 ^$\circ$ C are provided: magnesium, 1.7 g/cm³ ; graphite, 1.8 g/cm³ ; iron, 7.9 g/cm³.

A)1,400 g
B)3,800 g
C)830 g
D)180 g
E)none of them are within 10 g of the right answer.

Question 74

Radio waves travel at the speed of light, which is 3.00 * 10⁸ m/s. How many kilometers will radio messages travel in exactly one year?

A)9.46 * 10¹⁵ km
B)7.30 * 10⁸ km
C)7.10 * 10¹⁰ km
D)9.46 * 10¹² km
E)3.33 * 10 ^{- 3} km

Question 75

The density of mercury is 13.6 g/cm³. What is the mass in pounds of 1.0 gallons of mercury? (1 lb = 453.6 g; 1 gal = 3.785 L)

A)0.11 lb
B)30. lb
C)51 lb
D)83 lb
E)110 lb

Question 76

Bromine is a red liquid at 25 ^$\circ$ C. Its density is 3.12 g/cm³. What is the volume of 28.1 g of liquid bromine?

A)87.7 cm³
B)0.111 cm³
C)9.01 cm³
D)28.1 cm³
E)None of the above.

Question 77

The Hope diamond weighs 44.0 carats. Determine the volume occupied by the diamond, given that its density is 3.5 g/cm³ at 20 ^$\circ$ C, and that 1 carat = 0.200 g.

A)2.5 cm³
B)0.40 cm³
C)0.016 cm³
D)63 cm³
E)150 cm³

Question 78

The density of lead is 11.4 g/cm³ at 25 ^$\circ$ C. Calculate the volume occupied by 25.0 g of lead.

A)2.19 cm³
B)0.456 cm³
C)285 cm³
D)1.24 cm³
E)6.05 cm³

Question 79

A block of iron has a mass of 483 g. What is the mass of a block of graphite that has the same volume as the block of iron? The following densities at 25 ^$\circ$ C are provided: magnesium, 1.7 g/cm³ ; graphite, 1.8 g/cm³ ; iron, 7.9 g/cm³.

A)110 g
B)2120 g
C)6870 g
D)34 g
E)none of them are within 10 g of the right answer.

Question 80

Americans combined drive about 4.0*10⁹ miles per day and their vehicles get an average of 20 miles per gallon of fuel used. For each 1 kg of gasoline that is burned, about 3.0 kg of carbon dioxide are produced. How many kilograms of CO₂ are emitted into the atmosphere each day by cars in the U.S.? One gallon of gas weighs about 3.5 kg.

A)2.1 * 10⁹ kg
B)8.4 * 10¹¹ kg
C)1.7 * 10⁸ kg
D)93 kg
E)none of these