Deck 2: Theory Development

Question 1

Alonzo will be conducting an ethnography by observing the actions of a group of people with whom he has never interacted and wants to observe their actions without interacting at all with any of the members of the culture.Alonzo's plan,then,is to act as which of the following?

A)complete participant
B)participant-observer
C)complete observer
D)Text-miner

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The belief that the best theories are found in the results of systematic study (inductive theory)is also known as ______.

A)cognitive dissonance
B)grounded theory
C)social comparison theory
D)deduction

Answer 2

B

Question 3

According to the humanistic approach,humans have free will and choice--they are practical and plan behavior.This viewpoint is labeled ______.

A)pragmatism
B)determinism
C)holism
D)particularism

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Data mining is a more modern derivation of which research method?

A)rhetorical criticism
B)content analysis
C)interaction analysis
D)none of these

Question 5

Social scientists refer to patterns of communication that hold true across groups of people,over time,and in different contexts as ______.

A)determinism
B)generalizations
C)hypotheses
D)random samples

Question 6

A researcher who is looking at a situation in its entirety,as the focal point of research,is applying which of the following?

A)particularism
B)holism
C)a social scientific approach
D)a quantitative method

Question 7

A systematic method for describing,analyzing,interpreting,and evaluating the persuasive force of messages is known as ______.

A)content analysis
B)experimental research
C)rhetorical criticism
D)survey research

Question 8

The social scientific approach utilizes ______ methods in order to make generalizations about human behavior.

A)quantitative
B)qualitative
C)intensive
D)extensive

Question 9

Cause and effect is revealed with which research method?

A)experiment
B)survey
C)textual analysis
D)ethnography

Question 10

According to the social science approach,human behavior should be studied in specific,narrow pieces.The intent is that the entire picture will eventually be made clear.This viewpoint is labeled ______.

A)pragmatism
B)determinism
C)holism
D)particularism

Question 11

______ research is reported by someone other than the person who conducted it,which means the information could be unintentionally presented in a biased manner.

A)Primary
B)Secondary
C)Quantitative
D)Qualitative

Question 12

The humanist approach views truth as ______;whereas the social scientific approach treats truth as ______.

A)altruistic;deterministic
B)common sense;scholarly
C)ethnographic;experimental
D)subjective;objective

Question 13

When every member of a population has an equal chance of being selected for a research study,the sample is known as a/an ______.

A)aggregate sample
B)nonrandom sample
C)population sample
D)random sample

Question 14

Cheri plans to record and then analyze the conversations between and among members of a group of people she has chosen for her research study.Cheri's work may also be known as ______.

A)interaction analysis
B)ethnography
C)data mining
D)generalization

Question 15

Because they provide more anonymity to her respondents,Tanisha should plan to use which of the following in her research study?

A)closed-ended questions
B)questionnaires
C)interviews
D)focus groups

Question 16

Researchers who are interested in the structure of interactions typically conduct ______.

A)content analysis
B)interaction analysis
C)rhetorical criticism
D)textual analysis

Question 17

The ______ research method is naturalistic and emergent because participants are in their natural environment.

A)field experiment
B)lab experiment
C)ethnography
D)biography

Question 18

A text is ______.

A)a written message
B)a message
C)a recorded message
D)a written or recorded message

Question 19

Theories can grow when there is a deeper and more nuanced understanding of the original principles.This is known as ______.

A)induction
B)deduction
C)intension
D)extension

Question 20

Dante would like to collect data about the life of first-year college students.He would like the research to be comprehensive,to include information about what daily life is like,what classes are like,and what it is like living in the dorms.The best research method to obtain this data would be ______.

A)experiment
B)survey
C)textual analysis
D)ethnography

Question 21

Explain open-ended and closed-ended questions and how they differ.

Question 22

The participant-observer researcher becomes fully involved with the culture or context,but he or she has admitted his or her research agenda before entering the environment.

Question 23

Identify and explain two research methods.Then compare and contrast the two methods based on the strengths and weaknesses of each.

Question 24

In ethnographic research,acting as a complete observer allows for the most objectivity in recording data.

Question 25

The control of a variable is known as manipulation.

Question 26

Besides research methods used,thoroughly explain two differences between the social scientific and humanistic approaches to communication theory.

Question 27

Masculinity is considered a variable because people can be highly masculine,moderately masculine,non-masculine,and so on.

Question 28

Field experiments take place in a controlled location known as a laboratory.

Question 29

Survey research is the only way to determine how someone thinks or feels about something.

Question 30

Content analysis is primarily used to study mass communication.

Question 31

Differentiate between why social scientific approach researchers follow determinism and humanistic approach researchers follow pragmatism.

Question 32

Which of the following uses verbal descriptions of communicative phenomena?

A)qualitative methods
B)quantitative methods
C)ethnography
D)textual analysis

Question 33

Extension occurs when a new element is added to a theory.

Question 34

Identify and explain the three different types of ethnography based on the researcher's role.Explain a benefit and drawback for each type.

Question 35

Deductive theory is generally associated with which of the following?

A)grounded theory
B)scientific method
C)humanistic approach
D)particularism

Question 36

Deductive theory development occurs before inductive theory development.

Question 37

Experiments can only occur in laboratory settings.