Deck 20: Patterns of Genetic Inheritance

Question 1

The square that is used to make all the possible combinations of gametes is called a Punnett square.

Answer 1

True
Explanation: Reginald Punnett introduced the Punnett square in his genetic classes in 1909.

Question 2

Clasp your hands together (without thinking about it).Which thumb is on top? The dominant phenotype is left thumb on top.If you have the genotype "tt",which thumb is on top?

A) left
B) right

Answer 2

B
Explanation: The genotype "tt" would be the recessive phenotype, so the right thumb would be on top.

Question 3

If you want to know the probability that tossing two coins will result in a particular outcome (two heads,for example),you use the

A) product rule.
B) sum rule.

Answer 3

A
Explanation: The product rule gives the chance of two different events (the two coins being tossed) occurring simultaneously.

Question 4

Which of the following is a dominant allele?

A) A
B) a
C) AA
D) ab
E) Ab

Question 5

Which of the following represents a gamete with a dominant allele?

A) A
B) b
C) AA
D) Aa
E) bb

Question 6

Which of the following would not be a possible way to list someone's genotype?

A) BB
B) Bb
C) AB
D) bb
E) AA

Question 7

Which of the following represents a cross to determine if an individual is homozygous or heterozygous dominant?

A) Aa x aa
B) AA x AA
C) aa x aa
D) Aa x AA

Question 8

While a locus refers to a unit of heredity,a gene refers to a specific position on a chromosome.

Question 9

If the mother's genotype is aa,all of her eggs will be identical for this trait.

Question 10

When you describe a person as having attached ear lobes,you are describing their genotype.

Question 11

When describing someone as "lactose intolerant",you are describing their

A) genotype.
B) phenotype.

Question 12

There are two different alleles for the number of fingers on the hands: 5 finger allele and 6 finger allele.When both the 5 finger allele and the 6 finger allele are present in the same individual,the individual has 6 fingers on the hands.Which allele is dominant?

A) 5 fingers
B) 6 fingers

Question 13

Dad has a genotype of AaBb.How many different kinds of sperm can he produce?

A) one
B) two
C) three
D) four
E) five

Question 14

There is a single gene that controls the ability to taste PTC paper.The ability to taste is dominant to the inability to taste.If you can taste the paper,it is very bitter.Which of the following genotypes can taste the paper?

A) only PP
B) both PP and Pp
C) both PP and pp
D) only Pp
E) only pp

Question 15

Which of the following individuals has a recessive phenotype?

A) AA
B) Aa
C) AaBb
D) aabb

Question 16

Which of the following terms refers to the genes of an individual?

A) genotype
B) phenotype
C) gamete
D) probability
E) autosomal

Question 17

An allele is to a gene,as a locus is to a

A) gamete.
B) phenotype.
C) chromosome.
D) genotype.
E) unit of heredity.

Question 18

Which of the following represents a dihybrid cross?

A) ff x ff
B) Gg x gg
C) AAbb x Aabb
D) AAbb x aaBB
E) Ss x ss

Question 19

Which of the following genotypes is heterozygous?

A) Aa
B) Ab
C) aB
D) ab
E) aa

Question 20

Probability calculations in which the word "or" is used involve the product rule.

Question 21

In a dihybrid cross,what is the probability that the offspring will exhibit both of the dominant phenotypes?

A) 1/16.
B) 3/16.
C) 6/16.
D) 9/16.
E) 1.

Question 22

Julie has a genetic disorder.Julie and her husband,Shane,have three children,none of which have the genetic disorder.How is this disorder most likely inherited?

A) autosomal dominant
B) autosomal recessive

Question 23

Even though sickle-cell disease is inherited as an autosomal recessive disorder,the heterozygote can express some variation of the recessive phenotype.

Question 24

Which of the following traits/disorders is controlled by multiple genes?

A) skin color
B) Tay-Sachs disease
C) ABO blood type
D) familial hypercholesterolemia
E) curly hair

Question 25

Which of the following is not a characteristic of an autosomal dominant disorder pedigree?

A) Affected children will usually have unaffected parents.
B) Heterozygotes are affected.
C) Two affected parents can produce an unaffected child.
D) Both males and females are affected with equal frequency.

Question 26

The probability of tossing a coin and having it be heads or tails is

A) 1/4
B) 1/2
C) 1
D) 0

Question 27

If two parents who are unaffected have a child that is affected,then the parents are both considered bearers.

Question 28

Which of the following genetic disorders is due to a lack of the lysosome enzyme hex A?

A)cystic fibrosis
B)Tay-Sachs disease
C)Huntington disease
D)sickle-cell disease
E)Marfan syndrome

Question 29

In the inheritance of skin color example in the book,which genotype would have the same phenotype as AaBb?

A) AABB
B) AABb
C) AaBB
D) AAbb
E) Aabb

Question 30

In a pedigree,an affected male would be designated by

A) an open circle.
B) a shaded circle.
C) an open square.
D) a shaded square.
E) a square with a line through it.

Question 31

In a cross of Ff x Ff,the probability of having a dominant phenotype is

A) 1/4.
B) 1/3.
C) 1/2.
D) 2/3.
E) 3/4.

Question 32

Which of the following is not a characteristic of an autosomal recessive disorder pedigree?

A) Heterozygotes have an affected phenotype.
B) Affected children can have unaffected parents.
C) Two affected parents will always have affected children.
D) Both males and females are affected with equal frequency.
E) Affected individuals with homozygous unaffected mates will have unaffected children.

Question 33

It is estimated that there are fewer than 100 genetic diseases caused by single gene mutations in humans.

Question 34

Can two parents that have a genetic disorder ever have a normal child?

Question 35

In a cross of Ss x Ss,the probability of having a heterozygous genotype is

A) 1/4.
B) 1/3.
C) 1/2.
D) 2/3.
E) 3/4.

Question 36

Which of the following disorders is caused by a defect in the production of an elastic connective tissue protein called fibrillin?

A) cystic fibrosis
B) Tay-Sachs disease
C) Marfan syndrome
D) Huntington disease
E) sickle-cell disease

Question 37

Which of the following is not an autosomal recessive disorder?

A) Marfan syndrome
B) Tay-Sachs disease
C) cystic fibrosis
D) sickle cell disease

Question 38

In a cross of a homozygous dominant parent and a homozygous recessive parent,what is the ratio of offspring that will exhibit the recessive phenotype?

A) 0.
B) 1/4.
C) 1/2.
D) 3/4.
E) 1.

Question 39

Which of the following disorders is a trinucleotide repeat disorder?

A) Marfan syndrome
B) sickle-cell disease
C) cystic fibrosis
D) Tay-Sachs disease
E) Huntington disease

Question 40

In a dihybrid cross,if the resulting ratios are 1:1:1:1,what are the genotypes of the parents?

A) GgRr x ggrr
B) GGRR x ggrr
C) GgRr x GgRr
D) Gg x Rr
E) GG x RR

Question 41

Can a man with type O blood be the father of a child with type A blood?

Question 42

Which of the following X-linked recessive disorders is characterized by a degeneration of the muscles?

A) Fragile X
B) Duchenne's
C) color blindness
D) hemophilia

Question 43

How are Fragile X syndrome and Huntington disease similar?

A) Both exhibit a late onset in life.
B) Both are trinucleotide repeat expansion disorders.
C) Both affect the muscles and lead to eventual paralysis.
D) Both cause autism.
E) Both are found only in males.

Question 44

Most of the sex-linked traits are found only on the X chromosome.

Question 45

The definition of a multifactorial trait is one in which more than one set of alleles is involved.

Question 46

What is the genotype of a person with type O blood?

A) I^AI^A
B) I^AI^B
C) I^Ai
D) I^Bi
E) ii

Question 47

If an individual has the A phenotype,how many different genotypes can they possess?

A) one
B) two
C) three
D) four
E) five

Question 48

If a mother is color-blind and her husband is not,which of the following children are not possible?

A) normal daughter
B) normal son
C) color-blind son

Question 49

How is familial hypercholesterolemia inherited?

A) autosomal recessive
B) autosomal dominant
C) incompletely dominant
D) codominant
E) sex-linked dominant

Question 50

Most polygenic traits show discrete phenotypes when plotted on a graph.

Question 51

Of the three possible alleles for the ABO blood type,each individual can have how many?

A) one
B) two
C) three

Question 52

Can a woman with an X-linked recessive disorder have normal sons?

Question 53

Which of the following traits would not be considered multifactorial?

A) alcoholism
B) suicide risk
C) cleft lip/palate
D) diabetes
E) ABO blood type

Question 54

In an X-linked dominant trait,affected males pass the trait only to daughters.

Question 55

There is a trait with two alleles.One allele codes for blue while the other allele codes for yellow.If this trait is inherited in a codominant manner,what color will the offspring be?

A) blue
B) yellow
C) green
D) blue and yellow striped

Question 56

If a person with type B blood marries a person with type A blood,what phenotypes can their children be?

A) all type A
B) all type B
C) types A and O
D) types B and O
E) all 4 types

Question 57

Which of the following represents the genotype of a male who is color-blind?

A) X^BX^B
B) X^BX^b
C) X^bX^b
D) X^bY
E) X^BY

Question 58

Which of the following designations indicates a sex-linked trait?

A) A
B) I^A
C) X^B
D) a
E) i

Question 59

A male receives his X linked alleles from his

A) mother.
B) father.

Question 60

Which of the following is not a characteristic of an X-linked recessive disorder pedigree?

A) An affected son can have normal parents.
B) If a female has the trait, her father must also have it.
C) The characteristic often skips a generation.
D) More females than males are affected.
E) If a woman has the characteristic, all of her sons will have it.