Deck 10: Assessment for Education

Question 1

The Common Core State Standards

A) was first released in 2010.
B) is packaged along with a computer-assisted testing program.
C) both was first released in 2010 and is packaged along with a computer-assisted testing program.
D) None of these

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The Common Core State Standards affects the everyday classroom life of some ___ kindergarten-through-12^th-grade students.

A) 18 million
B) 30 million
C) 50 million
D) 80 million

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Common Core State Standards (CCSS)grant money for test development went to two consortia.One consortium was the Partnership for the Assessment of Readiness for College and Careers (PARCC),and the other was called

A) the Three R's Assessment Consortium.
B) the Three Amigos Assessment Consortium.
C) the Smarter Balanced Assessment Consortium.
D) the Clear Thinking Consortium.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Why did the U.S.Department of Education (USDE)award grants to two consortia to write test items for the Common Core State Standards? According to your textbook,two consortia,instead of just one,may have been chosen in order to

A) hold out incentives to as many states as possible to adopt the Common Core State Standards.
B) ensure that this massive project would be completed on time.
C) allay fears that a national assessment tool was being created.
D) implement the longstanding USDE policy: "Two is twice one."

Question 5

If an individual state fails to meet federal guidelines regarding mandated improvements in students' reading and math scores,then

A) administrators of the state's Department of Education may be criminally liable.
B) the governor of the state could be held in contempt of Congress.
C) federal funds for education could be withheld.
D) All of these

Question 6

As an incentive for adapting the Common Core State Standards (CCSS),the United States Department of Education offered over ____ dollars in grant money to develop tests aligned with the CCSS.

A) 50 million
B) 100 million
C) 200 million
D) 400 million

Question 7

Tests created to assess learning related to the Common Core State Standards must also

A) be capable of gauging individual student growth.
B) provide information about students who perform well above or well below peers.
C) be capable of yielding information that informs instructional decisions.
D) All of these

Question 8

The Common Core State Standards mandates that nationally,all children perform at grade-level in reading and math.A problem with this mandate is that

A) it is only a recommendation and does not carry with it the force of law.
B) the individual states set their own proficiency levels for reading and math.
C) it provides no curriculum for achieving this mandate.
D) a student may have successfully completed the mandate in one state, and then moved to another state and completed it again.

Question 9

In addition to screening and diagnostic purposes,standardized educational tests are indispensable for purposes of

A) comparison.
B) security.
C) uniformity.
D) None of these

Question 10

The Common Core State Standards

A) set objectives for what K-thru-12 school children should know.
B) provide a curriculum for teaching what K-thru-12 school children should know.
C) both set objectives for what K-thru-12 school children should know and provide a curriculum for teaching what K-thru-12 school children should know.
D) None of these

Question 11

Students learn at different paces and in different ways.In this context,educators may use data from tests to

A) evaluate whether specific learning objectives should be pursued.
B) decide whether to continue teaching a particular subject matter.
C) discover student preferences in the teaching curriculum.
D) identify what teaching methods work best for which individual student.

Question 12

Common Core State Standards (CCSS)grant money for test development went to two consortia.In this sense,a consortium is

A) a group of 15 or more states.
B) a group of 20 or more states.
C) a group of 25 or more states.
D) a group of 30 or more states.

Question 13

Data derived from standardized educational tests

A) can be used in the service of better allocating school resources.
B) will not prevent teachers from teaching students material that they already know.
C) is useful in motivating students to be challenged by new material.
D) None of these

Question 14

Critics of federal legislation designed to remedy dubious educational outcomes have been most vocal about legislative provisions regarding the necessity for

A) teacher progress notes for each student.
B) pre-set pass scores on minimal competency exams.
C) gauging educational progress by standardized tests.
D) mandatory participation of failing or trailing students in tutoring programs.

Question 15

According to your textbook,an objection to a standardized testing program might have merit if the program was

A) only administered on Tuesdays.
B) scored and interpreted by computers that were not regularly serviced by technicians.
C) replete with test items widely perceived as age- or grade-inappropriate.
D) None of these

Question 16

In the United States,dubious outcomes with regard to K-12 educational systems led to federal legislation known as

A) Educational Testing and Assessment Act.
B) Title VII.
C) National Initiative for the Advancement of Children's Education.
D) No Child Left Behind.

Question 17

Gerson (2012)made reference to "an ideological opposition to testing as the enemy of educational creativity" in the context of discussing

A) school administrators who oppose standardized testing.
B) students who oppose standardized testing.
C) teachers who oppose standardized testing.
D) parents who oppose standardized testing.

Question 18

Critics have argued that the net result of federal mandates to improve students' scores on standardized tests has been that

A) teachers "teach to the test."
B) students learn only test-related material.
C) the world community remains disappointed in educational outcomes.
D) All of these

Question 19

According to critics of federal mandates to improve education,if pressure did not exist to meet some federally prescribed level,then

A) more time would be devoted to the design of state education programs.
B) teachers would be able to genuinely improve educational outcomes.
C) more funds could be allocated to creating innovative audio/visual aids.
D) None of these

Question 20

Advocates of standardized testing in the schools argue that testing can

A) alert educators to "at risk" children.
B) have important diagnostic implications.
C) identify areas where a student excels.
D) All of these

Question 21

Not conveyed in the program's title,nor in the website's brief description of it,is the extensive ____________ function of the Common Core State Standards (CCSS).

A) standard-setting
B) educational testing
C) guideline-setting
D) record-keeping

Question 22

What role do standardized tests play with respect to Common Core State Standards (CCSS)?

A) Standardized tests are the "enforcer" of sorts.
B) Standardized tests are inextricably linked and aligned to the CCSS.
C) Standardized tests are the sole CCSS-recommended tool to gauge student progress.
D) All of these

Question 23

Which of the following questions BEST represents an ongoing source of controversy surrounding the Common Core State Standards (CCSS)?

A) How did the CCSS come to be?
B) Why did the CCSS came to be?
C) When the CCSS came to be?
D) Who must comply with CCSS provisions?

Question 24

According to published estimates,the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation donated some __________ dollars to help fund the Common Core State Standards.

A) 2.5 million
B) 25 million
C) 2.5 billion
D) 25 billion

Question 25

Critics of the Common Core State Standards (CCSS)have contended that the CCSS was

A) copyrighted by two Washington lobbyist groups.
B) not endorsed by James Milgram, the panel's math expert.
C) written by a small group of individuals.
D) All of these

Question 26

Authorship of the Common Core State Standards (CCSS)is attributed to two Washington lobbying groups including

A) the Council of Chief State School Officers.
B) the Association of Governors for More Uniformly Educated Students.
C) both the Council of Chief State School Officers and the Association of Governors for More Uniformly Educated Students.
D) None of these

Question 27

The question of whether the Gates' contribution to the funding of the Common Core State Standards (CCSS)is more philanthropy or an investment has been raised because of Bill Gates'

A) keen interest in, and great focus on education-this despite the fact that he, himself, was a college drop-out.
B) purchase of stock options in CCSS-related programs soon after CCSS became a reality.
C) sale, at a huge profit, of a division of Microsoft charged with the responsibility of producing software for CCSS.
D) interest in Microsoft and the CCSS requirement that participating school systems must purchase expensive computer hardware and software.

Question 28

Students in a Common Core classroom are instructed to read and interpret a paragraph from Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet.The student is provided no background or context regarding the assigned passage.According to critics of the Common Core State Standards,such an exercise exemplifies how the Common Core State Standards are using

A) iconic works of literature to further a political agenda.
B) untested educational methods and practices.
C) educational practices that many experts have deemed ineffective.
D) All of these

Question 29

Constitutionally,responsibility for the education of children throughout the United States

A) is a matter left to the individual states.
B) is the responsibility of the federal government.
C) is the responsibility of local counties, cities, and towns.
D) may be public, private, or otherwise, depending on the local school board.

Question 30

The Common Core's English expert,Sandra Stotsky,

A) refused to give the Common Core a good recommendation.
B) has testified against the Common Core before state legislatures and school boards.
C) both refused to give the Common Core a good recommendation and has testified against the Common Core before state legislatures and school boards.
D) None of these

Question 31

According to your textbook,which is true about the Common Core State Standards (CCSS)?

A) it's more of a program than a list of standards.
B) it not only states what students need to know, but the methods they should use.
C) it is designed to culminate in a graduate who has the knowledge and skills envisioned by the creators of the CCSS.
D) All of these

Question 32

In your textbook,the term "go figure" is discussed in the context of the Common Core State Standards (CCSS)with reference to what specific aspect of teaching?

A) recreation and hobbies
B) gym and physical education
C) the curriculum
D) class demonstrations

Question 33

A teacher conducts a class debate on a current event.According to CCSS guidelines,this activity is

A) consistent with what is required to hone critical thinking skills.
B) admirable as it represents a creative implementation of a CCSS standard.
C) strictly forbidden because it does not appear as a CCSS approved activity.
D) None of these

Question 34

Although the federal government did not create the Common Core State Standards (CCSS),the federal government's monetary incentives to participating states

A) is responsible for the majority of states rejecting participation in the program given the absence of any evidence that it works.
B) is the reason that the majority of states first accepted, but then ultimately rejected participation in the program.
C) encouraged buy-in to the program despite the fact that there was absolutely no evidence that the program worked.
D) led to a widespread, but mistaken crediting of the federal government as the creator of the program.

Question 35

According to your textbook,the characterization of the Common Core State Standards (CCSS)as "a set of standards" is

A) factual.
B) not factual.
C) factual but misleading.
D) not factual and misleading.

Question 36

The Common Core State Standards (CCSS)was presented as a list of uniform standards.However,as documented in the textbook,the CCSS

A) represents the expression of a singular vision for what K-through-12 education should be.
B) represents a vision of K-through-12 education that is aligned to standardized tests.
C) both represents the expression of a singular vision for what K-through-12 education should be and represents a vision of K-through-12 education that is aligned to standardized tests.
D) None of these

Question 37

Visitors to the Common Core State Standards (CCSS)website learn that CCSS standards establish guidelines for what every kindergarten-thru-12^th-grade student _____

A) should know and be able to do in math and English language arts.
B) is recommended to know in math and English language arts, among other academic disciplines.
C) should demonstrate mastery of as evidenced by computer-assisted, performance-based tests.
D) in the United States should be able to perform in the areas of math and English language arts.

Question 38

Visitors to the Common Core State Standards (CCSS)website learn that CCSS focuses on developing all of the following EXCEPT

A) critical thinking skills.
B) generative thinking skills.
C) problem-solving skills.
D) analytical skills.

Question 39

A criticism of the Common Core State Standards (CCSS)is that it contains recommendations for educational practices that are not widely supported in the scholarly literature.One such practice is referred to in the CCSS as

A) "pyramidal associations."
B) "cold reading."
C) "hypothetical expressions."
D) "new math."

Question 40

Holding out huge sums of federal grant money in exchange for participation in the program is viewed by critics of the Common Core State Standards (CCSS)as

A) illegal as out-and-out bribery.
B) a perfectly legal way to stimulate trial of a program that is new to the educational marketplace.
C) a quasi-legal way for the federal government to assume greater control of education.
D) a trivial concern since the states probably would have adopted CCSS anyway.

Question 41

Critics of the Common Core State Standards have raised questions about the untested nature of the program.More specifically,the questions has been raised,"Would it have been more reasonable to model a new,large-scale,nationwide undertaking after

A) teaching processes that are known to work?"
B) an existing, well-documented program of standards and test items?"
C) existing standards promulgated by the United States Department of Education?"
D) Confucian educational standards promulgated by the People's Republic of China?"

Question 42

Critics of the Common Core State Standards have criticized the standards themselves for being

A) age-inappropriate
B) grade-inappropriate
C) ambiguous
D) All of these

Question 43

From the view from the East,Western culture is more apt than Eastern culture to embrace the proposition that

A) all people are not equal in terms of their genetic preparation for academic achievement.
B) all people are free to follow their dreams and to be all that they can be.
C) accommodations must be made for the academically challenged, but not necessarily for the academically gifted.
D) All of these

Question 44

According to your textbook,in China,once a child reaches elementary school,

A) the child is tested by a psychologist to see what special talents or abilities can be cultivated for optimal social benefit.
B) a government official typically reviews with the family various options for the child's public or private education.
C) the government gives families the option of having psychological assessment conducted by a school psychologist or private psychologist.
D) the family strives to provide an environment at home that is conducive for academic success.

Question 45

From the view from the East,in an individualist,competitive culture like the one that exists in the United States,students are expected to

A) "step up to the plate" and give their personal best to achieve good grades.
B) "keep up with the Jones" and get as good or better grades than their peers.
C) challenge any school placement decision that they believe deprives children of their "best shot" for academic success.
D) All of these

Question 46

In China,deficiencies in academic achievement tend to be attributed to

A) individual differences in innate ability.
B) individual differences in diligence.
C) a lingering effect of that country's Great Cultural Revolution.
D) None of these

Question 47

In the context of criticism of the untested nature of the Common Core State Standards (CCSS),critics have pointed to the exemplary educational program in place in the State of __________,which could have served as a model for the CCSS program.

A) Washington
B) Arizona
C) Massachusetts
D) Colorado

Question 48

According to the Close-Up in Chapter 10,a scholar from China would be most likely to criticize the American educational system for

A) giving students excessive freedom in choosing career paths.
B) not properly training instructors in Confucian beliefs.
C) "pigeon-holing" students into specific educational tracks.
D) not following the teachings of the Great Cultural Revolution.

Question 49

According to an Eastern perspective,academic success is more the product of _________ and less the product of ___________.

A) effort; genetics
B) genetics; effort
C) perseverance; motivation
D) motivation; perseverance

Question 50

In China,much like other countries that have been deeply influenced by Confucius' teachings in human malleability,the contribution of natural or innate ability to achievement is

A) de-emphasized.
B) emphasized.
C) emphasized early on but de-emphasized from around the age of puberty forward.
D) de-emphasized early on but emphasized from around the age of puberty forward.

Question 51

Ideally,an entire testing session with a preschooler should be

A) 1 hour or less.
B) 90 minutes or less.
C) 2 hours or less.
D) 30 minutes or less.

Question 52

The definition of learning disability given in your textbook

A) is based on wording from a 1952 federal law.
B) relates only to academic and not to social or behavioral difficulties.
C) applies only to academic problems that are cultural in origin.
D) None of these

Question 53

A dual-easel format in test administration refers to

A) response sheets used alternately for the right and left hands.
B) a stand that can be used simultaneously by both the examiner and the examinee.
C) two canvasses for a test of artistic abilities.
D) a book that can be folded and placed on a desk.

Question 54

According to the Close-Up in Chapter 10,during the Great Cultural Revolution that began in China in 1978,

A) psychology, as a scientific and professional discipline, was elevated in status and used, among other ways, to strengthen China's military.
B) special education efforts were stepped-up in an effort to produce independent citizens capable of contributing to the common good.
C) all programs for the gifted were suspended as they were perceived as elitist in most areas of the People's Republic of China.
D) psychology, as a scientific and professional discipline, was completely eliminated from mainland China.

Question 55

After reviewing the Chinese literature on giftedness,Wu (2005)compared Eastern versus Western theoretical assumptions on that topic and noted that

A) in the West, there has been a marked evolution towards an Eastern perspective.
B) as compared to the West, there was a de-emphasis of that topic in China.
C) in contrast to the West, giftedness in the East is widely viewed as "prized seeds that will bear valued fruit."
D) in contrast to the West, Eastern culture presumes each citizen should be on a specific "track" to take full advantage of their giftedness.

Question 56

The extensive record-keeping and archiving of personal data required by the Common Core State Standards (CCSS)program has been a matter of concern for

A) privacy advocates.
B) the authors of the CCSS.
C) the parents of students in CCSS classrooms.
D) All of these

Question 57

Critics of the Common Core State Standards have criticized the test items used as part of the program to gauge student progress.Specifically,some of the test items have been criticized as being

A) age-inappropriate
B) grade-inappropriate
C) both age-inappropriate and grade-inappropriate
D) None of these

Question 58

From the view from the East,in an individualist,competitive culture like the one that exists in the United States,the role of parents,teachers,and others in the community (as well as society-at-large)in the education of the individual,as time goes by ________.

A) becomes more varied
B) becomes less segmented
C) tends to increase
D) tends to decrease

Question 59

In Eastern culture,the educational system encourages individuals to

A) forego personal goals in the service of others.
B) relegate personal ambition to a priority that is secondary to the service of others.
C) attribute credit for a student's success to others beside the student.
D) All of these

Question 60

In collective and cooperative cultures,like the ones that exist in China and Japan,various groups of people are expected to share a good deal of the responsibility for the individual student's learning and achievement.Which of the following BEST represents a group who is NOT one of those people?

A) the student's peers
B) the student's teachers
C) the student's family members
D) the student's healthcare providers

Question 61

The WRMT-III

A) is available in computer-administered form.
B) has been modified to include biofeedback input.
C) is a paper-and-pencil administered test.
D) All of these

Question 62

Achievement testing for education-related purposes is done to answer various questions.Which of the following is NOT one of those questions?

A) How much of this course material have you actually learned?
B) What is causing problems in learning this course material?
C) Are you a candidate for the program you would like to enroll in?
D) Is sufficient shredded wheat being consumed to support concentration?

Question 63

In implementing RtI,schools may use interventions tailored to students' individual needs that are selected by a multidisciplinary team of school professionals.According to the text,this approach to RtI is referred to as

A) the problem-solving model.
B) the general intervention model.
C) the hybrid model.
D) None of these

Question 64

Concern about content used in standardized achievement tests as opposed to what is actually being taught in the local schools has fostered interest in

A) non-standardized measurement (NSM).
B) extra-academic exposure (EAE).
C) school-based learning (SBL).
D) curriculum-based assessment (CBA).

Question 65

Which of the following would BEST serve the purpose of helping to diagnose math difficulties in a nine-year-old child?

A) the WRMT-III
B) the SDMT-IV
C) the MCAT
D) peer appraisal

Question 66

As re-authorized in 2004,the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)changed the way that specific learning disabilities would be diagnosed.The legislation required states to allow the use of a process based on the child's response to scientific,research-based

A) treatment.
B) intervention.
C) therapy.
D) instruction.

Question 67

In the excerpt of her Meet an Assessment Professional published in the text,school psychologist Eliane Hack recalled advice she was given as an undergraduate intern in school psychology.Her advisor told her that the most important skill of a school psychologist was the ability to

A) listen and understand.
B) genuinely be empathic.
C) see the obvious.
D) perceive what was not obvious.

Question 68

In what year was attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)officially added to the list of disabling condition that can qualify a child for special services?

A) 1986
B) 1999
C) 2006
D) 2011

Question 69

"Understanding what students have already mastered can help school authorities better anticipate what content and skills they are ready to learn." This sentence from the text can be used to support the argument that

A) aptitude tests are achievement tests in disguise.
B) achievement tests are projective tests in disguise.
C) achievement tests are dynamic tests in disguise.
D) aptitude tests are prognostic tests.

Question 70

As re-authorized in 2004,the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)

A) changed the way that specific learning abilities would be diagnosed.
B) provided for curriculum-based measurement.
C) encouraged the use of conceptual versus fact-based items on achievement tests.
D) All of these

Question 71

As reported in the text,one study critical of the SAT observed differential item functioning on that college admission test as a function of

A) the grade-point averages of the testtakers.
B) the measured intelligence of the testtakers.
C) the gender of the testtakers.
D) the effects of daylight savings time.

Question 72

The difference between whether an achievement test item is said to be fact-based or conceptual has to do in large part with the extent to which

A) the content of the item is indeed factual or merely opinion-based.
B) concepts referred to in the test item are presented clearly.
C) rote memory alone can be used to access the correct response.
D) the testtaker believes that the content has a true basis in fact.

Question 73

An approach to discovering a student's learning potential based on a model of testing-intervention-retesting is referred to as

A) integrative assessment.
B) dynamic assessment.
C) authentic assessment.
D) biopsychosocial assessment.

Question 74

As noted in the text,when selecting a nationally standardized test,there are certain "musts" and certain "desirables." Which of the following variables was NOT listed among the list of "desirables"?

A) ease of administration
B) psychometric soundness
C) ease of scoring
D) relevance to testtakers

Question 75

Response to Intervention (RtI)is said to be "multilevel" in nature because there are at least three levels of intervention.As noted in the text,these three levels feature instruction administered

A) 1) by parents, 2) by teachers, and 3) tutors providing individualized instruction.
B) 1) by school officials, 2) by special educators, and 3) by individual tutors.
C) 1) in the regular classroom, 2) in small groups, and 3) individualized instruction.
D) 1) in a special education class, 2) individualized, and 3) at-home by parents.

Question 76

A simplified statement of the response to intervention (RtI)model is as follows:

A) 1) intervene, 2) respond to intervention, 3) remediate or intervene as needed.
B) 1) remediate, 2) evaluate, 3) instruct and remediate as needed.
C) 1) evaluate, 2) instruct, 3) evaluate and instruct as needed.
D) 1) instruct, 2) evaluate, 3) remediate or instruct as needed.

Question 77

Tests such as the SAT and ACT have been criticized for not including measures of creativity.Interestingly,one 2011 study of the ACT found that it

A) was predictive of creativity as well as academic success.
B) contained more items to measure creativity than previously thought.
C) contained more items to measure creativity than the SAT.
D) was predictive of innovation in a group of new inventions.

Question 78

The age limit for the WIAT-III is

A) 21.
B) 50.
C) 70.
D) 89.

Question 79

The term integrative assessment may BEST be interpreted as referring to

A) the integration of findings from a variety of instruments into one report.
B) the integration of findings from a variety of sources into one report.
C) the integration of findings from unobtrusive measures into the report.
D) integrating a statement of fees for professional services into the report.

Question 80

Achievement tests may be administered in school settings for many reasons.Which of the following is NOT one of those reasons?

A) To gauge student progress towards instructional objectives.
B) To survey interests in various occupations and professions.
C) To compare an individual student's performance to peers.
D) To help determine what instruction might best assist students.