Question 1

Which organelle(s)would be most visible in methylene blue-stained cheek cells?&#10;A) mitochondria&#10;B) nucleus&#10;C) rough endoplasmic reticulum&#10;D) smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Accepted Answer

Methylene blue stain binds to the DNA found in the nucleus, making it the most visible organelle in cheek cells under a microscope. Mitochondria, rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum are not as visible with this stain.

Question 2

The cellular events of muscle contraction require a large amount of energy.Which of the following organelles might be abundant in the cells that coordinate these events?&#10;A) mitochondria&#10;B) Golgi apparatus&#10;C) rough endoplasmic reticulum&#10;D) nucleus

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria are the organelles responsible for producing ATP, the energy currency of cells. Muscle cells require a lot of energy for muscle contraction, so they would have a large number of mitochondria to meet their energy needs. The Golgi apparatus is responsible for processing and packaging molecules for secretion or delivery to other parts of the cell, while the rough endoplasmic reticulum is involved in protein synthesis and folding. The nucleus contains the cell's DNA and is responsible for regulating gene expression, but not directly involved in energy production for muscle contraction.

Question 3

The ________ modifies and packages proteins that are produced in the rough endoplasmic reticulum.&#10;A) peroxisome&#10;B) Golgi apparatus&#10;C) mitochondrion&#10;D) smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Accepted Answer

The Golgi apparatus is responsible for modifying and packaging proteins that are produced in the rough endoplasmic reticulum. It is a series of flattened, stacked membranes that sort and modify proteins before they are sent to their final destination within or outside of the cell. The other choices, peroxisome, mitochondrion, and smooth endoplasmic reticulum, do not play a direct role in this process.

Question 4

The ________ is usually the largest organelle in a eukaryotic cell.It contains the genetic material of the cell,which directs cellular activity.&#10;A) nucleus&#10;B) mitochondrion&#10;C) lysosome&#10;D) Golgi apparatus

Accepted Answer

The nucleus is usually the largest organelle in a eukaryotic cell and it contains the genetic material (DNA) of the cell, which directs cellular activity. The other organelles listed (mitochondrion, lysosome, and Golgi apparatus) are much smaller and have different functions.

Question 5

________ are abundant along the plasma membrane of the cells of the small intestine,increasing surface area the absorption of nutrients.&#10;A) Mitochondria&#10;B) Microvilli&#10;C) Lysosomes&#10;D) Peroxisomes

Accepted Answer

Microvilli are finger-like projections that extend from the surface of cells, including the cells of the small intestine. They increase the surface area of the cells, allowing for more efficient absorption of nutrients from the digestive tract. Mitochondria, lysosomes, and peroxisomes are all organelles involved in various cellular processes but are not directly related to nutrient absorption in the small intestine.

Question 6

The phospholipids of the plasma membrane are arranged as a bilayer because ________.&#10;A) the phospholipids are hydrophilic&#10;B) the phospholipid tails are hydrophilic, whereas the heads are hydrophobic&#10;C) the phospholipids are hydrophobic&#10;D) the phospholipid heads are hydrophilic, whereas the tails are hydrophobic

Accepted Answer

The phospholipids of the plasma membrane are arranged as a bilayer because the phospholipid heads are hydrophilic, whereas the tails are hydrophobic. This arrangement allows the hydrophilic heads to interact with the aqueous environment both inside and outside the cell, while the hydrophobic tails remain away from the water, creating a barrier that controls the movement of molecules in and out of the cell.

Question 7

What would be the consequence of treating cancer with a drug that disrupts formation of the mitotic spindle?&#10;A) The cytoplasm would not be equally divided.&#10;B) The duplicated sister chromatids would not separate during anaphase.&#10;C) The nuclear envelope would not be broken down to allow the genetic material to escape the nucleus.&#10;D) The chromosomes would not be duplicated.

Accepted Answer

Disrupting the formation of the mitotic spindle would prevent the proper separation of sister chromatids during anaphase. This would result in abnormal chromosome distribution during cell division, leading to genetic instability and potentially cell death.

Question 8

The ________ are bean-shaped,double-membrane-wrapped organelles that produce most of the cell's energy in the form of ATP.&#10;A) mitochondria&#10;B) chromatin&#10;C) Golgi apparatus&#10;D) rough endoplasmic reticulum

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria are organelles that are responsible for producing ATP, the energy currency of the cell. They have a distinct bean-like shape and are enclosed by two membranes. Chromatin refers to the genetic material within the nucleus, Golgi apparatus is involved in processing and directing cellular products, and rough endoplasmic reticulum is involved in protein synthesis and transport.

Question 9

The plasma membrane contains ________.&#10;A) cholesterol&#10;B) phospholipids&#10;C) phospholipids and cholesterol&#10;D) phospholipids, cholesterol, and proteins

Accepted Answer

The plasma membrane is composed of a phospholipid bilayer with proteins and cholesterol embedded within it. Therefore, D is the best choice as it includes all the components that make up the plasma membrane.

Question 10

________ is the period of time when the cell is not dividing.&#10;A) Anaphase&#10;B) Prophase&#10;C) Interphase&#10;D) Metaphase

Accepted Answer

Interphase is the period of time when the cell is not dividing. During this time, the cell is growing and carrying out its metabolic activities. Anaphase, prophase, and metaphase are all stages of mitosis, which is the process of cell division.

Question 11

The ________ synthesize(s)lipids and glycogen.&#10;A) mitochondria&#10;B) Golgi apparatus&#10;C) rough endoplasmic reticulum&#10;D) smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ________ synthesize(s)lipids and glycogen.&#10;A) mitochondria&#10;B) Golgi...

Question 12

Which of the following organelles contains digestive enzymes that destroy old,damaged organelles,harmful bacteria,viruses,and toxins?&#10;A) Golgi apparatus&#10;B) lysosome&#10;C) ribosomes&#10;D) nucleus

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following organelles contains digestive...

Question 13

The ________ produces ribosomes.&#10;A) Golgi apparatus&#10;B) nucleolus&#10;C) rough endoplasmic reticulum&#10;D) nucleus

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ________ produces ribosomes.&#10;A) Golgi apparatus&#10;B) nucleolus&#10;C)...

Question 14

________ is the division of the genetic material,and ________ is the division of the cytoplasm.&#10;A) Mitosis; cytokinesis&#10;B) Cytokinesis; interphase&#10;C) Metaphase; telophase&#10;D) Anaphase; prophase

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ is the division of the genetic...

Question 15

Electron microscopy allows for ________ magnification of specimens; therefore,________ cell structures are visible using this form of microscopy.&#10;A) less; fewer&#10;B) greater; fewer&#10;C) greater; more&#10;D) less; more

Accepted Answer

The answer of Electron microscopy allows for ________ magnification of...

Question 16

Anaphase is characterized by ________.&#10;A) separation of the sister chromatids&#10;B) breakdown of the nuclear membrane&#10;C) duplication of the chromosomes&#10;D) division of the cytoplasm

Accepted Answer

The answer of Anaphase is characterized by ________.&#10;A) separation of...

Question 17

The basic structural component of the plasma (cell)membrane is ________.&#10;A) chromatin&#10;B) phospholipid bilayer composed of two layers of phospholipid molecules&#10;C) telophase&#10;D) nuclear membrane

Accepted Answer

The answer of The basic structural component of the plasma...

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a concept of the cell theory?&#10;A) The cell is the basic unit of life.&#10;B) The metabolic activities of individual cells in a multicellular organism are coordinated and essential for survival.&#10;C) Each cell of a multicellular organism maintains its own metabolism.&#10;D) All cells arise spontaneously.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is NOT a...

Question 19

The ________ provides structural support,strength,and flexibility to the cell.&#10;A) nucleus&#10;B) cytoskeleton&#10;C) plasma membrane&#10;D) rough endoplasmic reticulum

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ________ provides structural support,strength,and flexibility to...

Question 20

Which of the following answer choices includes organelles that are surrounded by a double membrane?&#10;A) nucleus, lysosome&#10;B) nucleus, mitochondria&#10;C) nucleus, peroxisome&#10;D) peroxisome, lysosome

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following answer choices includes...

Deck 3: Cell Structure and Cell Division