Deck 16: Computer Graphics and Entertainment: Movies, Games, and Virtual Communities

Question 1

Atari released its first product in 1974, an arcade game called ____.

A) Ping
B) Tetris
C) Pong
D) Frogger

Answer 1

C

Question 2

On March 31, 1952, Remington Rand delivered its first machine to the ____.

A) U.S. Army
B) U.S. Census Bureau
C) Atomic Energy Commission
D) General Electric

Answer 2

B

Question 3

CBS used the UNIVAC I to predict the outcome of the 1952 presidential election.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Using computers for entertainment had by the late 1970s become an important, not to mention financially lucrative, industry and that growth has continued unabated.

Question 5

The first commercially marketed computer was the ____, manufactured by Remington Rand.

A) ENIAC
B) VAX
C) IBM System I
D) UNIVAC I

Question 6

In 1952, a UNIVAC I cost $12 million.

Question 7

Today the quality of a typical video game image approaches the level achieved by high-quality, feature-film CGI. _________________________

Question 8

A point or axis used to control the motion of an object is called a(n) key point. _________________________

Question 9

Stop-motion special effects were used in many fantasy, adventure, and science-fiction movies of the 1930s through 1960s.

Question 10

With a GPU, all imaging responsibilities are offloaded from the GPU to the CPU.

Question 11

Conditions in the computing environment changed dramatically in the late ____ due to the development of transistors and integrated circuits.

A) 1950s
B) 1960s
C) 1970s
D) 1980s

Question 12

A movie is an interactive environment.

Question 13

The process of "move the model, shoot a frame" was repeated thousands of times when filming King Kong,

Question 14

In an MMOG, the system must simply ensure that all users adhere to the rules of the game, not the legality of the operations.

Question 15

By the mid-1990s, computer hardware could handle the computational demands required to create realistic three-dimensional images.

Question 16

Rotation is the lateral (up, down, right, left, in, out) movement of every point in an object by the same amount and in the same direction. _________________________

Question 17

In 1965 Digital Equipment Corp. (DEC) rolled out the PDP-8, the world's first "____."

A) mainframe
B) microcomputer
C) minicomputer
D) picocomputer

Question 18

Since a(n) GPU does not have to do general-purpose computing, only image processing, its instruction set can be optimized to perform the specific operations needed by CGI. _________________________

Question 19

The server software that creates the MMOG world is always running and always available, and it always remembers the current state of every player. _________________________

Question 20

Using information technology to amuse, fascinate, and frighten is still viewed as a waste of time by most people.

Question 21

A ____ executes instructions in parallel with the CPU, the main processor, and carries out all graphics operations including modeling, motion, rendering, and display.

A) GPU
B) NPU
C) PGU
D) GIPU

Question 22

In a(n) ____________________, there are tens of thousands of users simultaneously accessing hundreds or thousands of game servers across multiple communication channels.

Question 23

Currently there are 21 million residents of ____________________, which would make it the 55th-largest country in the world.

Question 24

Typically, a ____ has its own dedicated random access memory where it stores its image data and which is separate from primary memory.

A) CPU
B) PPU
C) GPU
D) MPU

Question 25

Users log on to the MMOG game server whenever they wish, using ____ software running on their home computer or laptop.

A) client
B) server
C) servlet
D) hosting

Question 26

In CGI, the abstract concept of motion is defined in terms of ____________________, an algorithmic operation easily programmed on a computer.

Question 27

____ games allow a large number of players, often thousands or tens of thousands, to interact, form groups, and compete against one another within a simulated virtual world.

A) MMPRG
B) MMRPG
C) MMORG
D) MMOG

Question 28

The world in which the MMOG action takes place is created and managed by special computers called ____.

A) game hosts
B) game servers
C) game clients
D) game servlets

Question 29

____ is a rapidly growing area of computer and biological science research in which computers and graphics software are used to produce highly accurate two- and three-dimensional images of the human body.

A) Medical processing
B) Medical imaging
C) Virtual medicine
D) Visual medicine

Question 30

The sequence of operations that must be completed successfully to produce a realistic three-dimensional image sequence is termed the ____.

A) graphics streamline
B) graphics pipeline
C) graphics mode
D) graphics perspective

Question 31

The most widely used and well-known metaverse is ____, a virtual world created by Linden Labs in 2003.

A) World of Warcraft
B) Voodoo Chat
C) Worlds
D) Second Life

Question 32

Using a CGI technique called ____, a human animator only needs to produce the first frame, containing the starting location of the object; the last frame, containing the final location of the object; and the elapsed time.

A) blocking
B) stop-framing
C) keyframing
D) mid-framing

Question 33

____ are fully modeled and fully rendered objects stored in a video library in video memory.

A) Cut-outs
B) Cut-ins
C) Block-ins
D) Block-outs

Question 34

A noncompetitive MMOG is sometimes called a ____.

A) nanoverse
B) metaverse
C) miniverse
D) microverse

Question 35

One way to achieve speedup in real-time graphics is to avoid the use of ____________________ that, although they produce high-quality images, simply take too much time.

Question 36

In stop-motion animation, a single photograph is called a ____.

A) frame
B) block
C) unit
D) cell

Question 37

____________________ means taking an object stored as a mathematical model and converting it into a fully formed, visually pleasing three-dimensional image.

Question 38

King Kong's movements in the 1933 film were created using a manual technique called ____.

A) CGI
B) film overlay
C) skip-motion animation
D) stop-motion animation

Question 39

In the technique known as ____, first it is determined which planes can be seen from the user's point of view, based on location and opaqueness, and then only those objects visible in the next frame are rendered, omitting all operations on hidden surfaces.

A) culling
B) clicking
C) slicing
D) striping

Question 40

The branch of computer graphics that studies methods for creating images at a rate matching that of the real world is called ____.

A) just-in-time graphics
B) real-time graphics
C) new world graphics
D) real-world graphics

Question 41

Discuss movies and video games in terms of their interactive environments.

Question 42

What is an MMOG?

Question 43

What is the operative principal in producing video game images?

Question 44

What is rigid motion, and what are the types of rigid motion?

Question 45

Explain the animation technique used in the 1933 film King Kong.

Question 46

What is the first step in generating a realistic three-dimensional image?

Question 47

How are graphics operations handled in the absence of a GPU?

Question 48

Explain in detail what medical imaging is and what is empowers physicians to do.

Question 49

What are three examples of issues addressed during the rendering process?

Question 50

List at least three of the technical problems that must be solved by the designers of MMOGs.