Deck 4: Information Security and Controls

Question 1

Zero-day attacks use deceptive e-mails to acquire sensitive personal information.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Organizations use authentication to establish privileges to systems operations.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Voice recognition is an example of "something a user does" authentication.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

In most cases, cookies track your path through websites and are therefore invasions of your privacy.

Question 5

Risk analysis involves determining whether security programs are working.

Question 6

The goal of risk management is to reduce risk to acceptable levels.

Question 7

The higher the level of an employee in organization, the greater the threat that he or she poses to the organization.

Question 8

Public-key encryption uses two different keys, one public and one private.

Question 9

Cyberterrorism and cyberwarfare can attack supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA)systems to cause widespread physical damage.

Question 10

The security of each computer on the Internet is independent of the security of all other computers on the Internet.

Question 11

The computing skills necessary to be a hacker are decreasing.

Question 12

Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA)systems require human data input.

Question 13

Organizations utilize layers of controls because they face so many diverse threats to information security.

Question 14

IT security is the responsibility of everyone in the organization.

Question 15

Software can be copyrighted.

Question 16

Trojan horses are software programs that hide in other computer programs and reveal their designed behaviour only when they are activated.

Question 17

A password refers to "something the user is."

Question 18

Cyberterrorism is usually carried out by nations.

Question 19

Human errors cause more than half of the security-related problems in many organizations.

Question 20

Dumpster diving is always illegal because it involves trespassing on private property.

Question 21

Social engineers often impersonate legitimate employees.

Question 22

Which of the following factors is not increasing the threats to information security?

A)Smaller computing devices
B)Downstream liability
C)The Internet
D)Limited storage capacity on portable devices
E)Due diligence

Question 23

Authentication and authorization are synonyms.

Question 24

The main purpose for the attack on Sony Pictures Entertainment on November 24, 2014, was to stop the release of the movie The Interview.

Question 25

Backup plans are not always necessary.

Question 26

An information system's _______ is the possibility that the system will be harmed by a threat.

A)vulnerability
B)risk
C)control
D)danger
E)compromise

Question 27

The Heartbleed bug is an encryption security flaw in the ___________ software package that was an _____________ mistake by the software developer.

A)Microsoft; intended
B)Microsoft; unintended
C)OpenSSL; intended
D)OpenSSL; unintended

Question 28

A ______ is any danger to which an information resource may be exposed.

A)vulnerability
B)risk
C)control
D)threat
E)compromise

Question 29

A URL that begins with "https" rather than "http" indicates that the site transmits using an extra layer of security called transport layer security.

Question 30

Which of the following is not a consequence of poor information security practices?

A)Stolen information
B)Stolen identities
C)Financial loss
D)Loss of service
E)All of the above are consequences of poor information security practices.

Question 31

A VPN is a network within the organization.

Question 32

The area located between two firewalls within an organization is called the demilitarized zone.

Question 33

You start a dog-walking service, and you store your client's records on your smart phone. You don't need to worry about information security.

Question 34

Unintentional threats to information systems include all of the following except:

A)Malicious software
B)Tailgating
C)Power outage
D)Lack of user experience
E)Tornados

Question 35

Employees in which functional areas of the organization pose particularly grave threats to information security?

A)Human resources, finance
B)Human resources, information systems
C)Finance, marketing
D)Operations management, management information systems
E)Finance, management information systems

Question 36

The most overlooked people in information security are:

A)consultants and temporary hires.
B)secretaries and consultants.
C)contract labourers and executive assistants.
D)janitors and guards.
E)executives and executive secretaries.

Question 37

SCADA attacks like Stuxnet are an act of cyberwarfare.

Question 38

Rank the following in terms of dollar value of the crime, from highest to lowest.

A)Robbery - white-collar crime - cybercrime
B)White-collar crime - extortion - robbery
C)Cybercrime - white-collar crime - robbery
D)Cybercrime - robbery - white-collar crime
E)White-collar crime - burglary - robbery

Question 39

The computing skills necessary to be a hacker are decreasing for which of the following reasons?

A)More information systems and computer science departments are teaching courses on hacking so that their graduates can recognize attacks on information assets.
B)Computer attack programs, called scripts, are available for download from the Internet.
C)International organized crime is training hackers.
D)Cybercrime is much more lucrative than regular white-collar crime.
E)Almost anyone can buy or access a computer today.

Question 40

Cookies in your web browser are not tracked by businesses.

Question 41

_____ are software programs that hide in other computer programs and reveal their designed behaviour only when they are activated.

A)Viruses
B)Worms
C)Trojan horses
D)Back doors
E)Logic bombs

Question 42

A pharmaceutical company's research and development plan for a new class of drugs would be best described as which of the following?

A)Copyrighted material
B)Patented material
C)A trade secret
D)A knowledge base
E)Public property

Question 43

A _____ is intellectual work that is known only to a company and is not based on public information.

A)copyright
B)patent
C)trade secret
D)knowledge base
E)private property

Question 44

A _____ is a document that grants the holder exclusive rights on an invention for 20 years.

A)copyright
B)patent
C)trade secret
D)knowledge base
E)private property notice

Question 45

A _____ attack uses deception to fraudulently acquire sensitive personal information by masquerading as an official e-mail.

A)Virus
B)Denial-of-service
C)Distributed denial-of-service
D)Phishing
E)Brute force dictionary

Question 46

The term _____ refers to clandestine software that is installed on your PC through duplicitous channels but is not particularly malicious.

A)alien software
B)virus
C)worm
D)back door
E)logic bomb

Question 47

The cost of a stolen laptop includes all of the following except:

A)Loss of intellectual property
B)Loss of data
C)Backup costs
D)Loss of productivity
E)Replacement cost

Question 48

In _____, the organization takes concrete actions against risks.

A)risk management
B)risk analysis
C)risk mitigation
D)risk acceptance
E)risk transference

Question 49

_____ are segments of computer code that attach to existing computer programs and perform malicious acts.

A)Viruses
B)Worms
C)Trojan horses
D)Back doors
E)Logic bombs

Question 50

_____ involves building an inappropriate trust relationship with employees for the purpose of gaining sensitive information or unauthorized access privileges.

A)Tailgating
B)Hacking
C)Spoofing
D)Social engineering
E)Spamming

Question 51

Which of the following statements is false?

A)Credit card companies usually block stolen credit cards rather than prosecute.
B)People tend to shortcut security procedures because the procedures are inconvenient.
C)It is easy to assess the value of a hypothetical attack.
D)The online commerce industry isn't willing to install safeguards on credit card transactions.
E)The cost of preventing computer crimes can be very high.

Question 52

_____ are segments of computer code embedded within an organization's existing computer programs that activate and perform a destructive action at a certain time or date.

A)Viruses
B)Worms
C)Trojan horses
D)Back doors
E)Logic bombs

Question 53

_____ is the process in which an organization assesses the value of each asset being protected, estimates the probability that it will be compromised, and compares the probable costs of an attack with the costs of protecting the asset.

A)Risk management
B)Risk analysis
C)Risk mitigation
D)Risk acceptance
E)Risk transference

Question 54

Which of the following is/are designed to use your computer as a launch pad for sending unsolicited e-mail to other computers?

A)Spyware
B)Spamware
C)Adware
D)Viruses
E)Worms

Question 55

Which of the following is not a strategy for mitigating the risk of threats against information?

A)Continue operating with no controls and absorb any damages that occur.
B)Transfer the risk by purchasing insurance.
C)Implement controls that minimize the impact of the threat.
D)Install controls that block the risk.
E)All of the above are strategies for mitigating risk.

Question 56

In a _____ attack, a coordinated stream of requests is launched against a target system from many compromised computers at the same time.

A)phishing
B)virus
C)worm
D)back door
E)distributed denial-of-service

Question 57

Cybercriminals can obtain the information they need in order to assume another person's identity by:

A)infiltrating an organization that stores large amounts of personal information.
B)phishing.
C)hacking into a corporate database.
D)stealing mail.
E)All of the above are strategies to obtain information to assume another person's identity.

Question 58

An organization's e-mail policy has the least impact on which of the following software attacks?

A)Virus
B)Worm
C)Phishing
D)Denial-of-service attack
E)Spear phishing

Question 59

When companies attempt to counter _____ by requiring users to accurately select characters in turn from a series of boxes, attackers respond by using _____.

A)keyloggers; screen scrapers
B)screen scrapers; uninstallers
C)keyloggers; spam
D)screen scrapers; keyloggers
E)spam; keyloggers

Question 60

Dumpster diving is:

A)always illegal because it is considered trespassing.
B)never illegal because it is not considered trespassing.
C)typically committed for the purpose of identity theft.
D)always illegal because individuals own the material in the dumpster.
E)always legal because the dumpster is not owned by private citizens.

Question 61

Biometrics are an example of:

A)something the user is.
B)something the user wants.
C)something the user has.
D)something the user knows.
E)something the user does.

Question 62

You receive an e-mail from your bank informing you that they are updating their records and need your password. Which of the following statements is true?

A)The message could be an industrial espionage attack.
B)The message could be a phishing attack.
C)The message could be a denial-of-service attack.
D)The message could be a back-door attack.
E)The message could be a Trojan horse attack.

Question 63

Which of the following is not a characteristic of strong passwords?

A)They are difficult to guess.
B)They contain special characters.
C)They are not a recognizable word.
D)They are not a recognizable string of numbers
E)They tend to be short so they are easy to remember.

Question 64

According to the "Catching a Hacker" case, ____________ is one of the most sophisticated and destructive malicious software programs ever developed.

A)the Heartbleed bug
B)FireEye
C)Shodan
D)SpyEye

Question 65

Access controls involve _______ before _______.

A)biometrics, signature recognition
B)authentication, authorization
C)iris scanning, voice recognition
D)strong passwords, biometrics
E)authorization, authentication

Question 66

Bob is using public key encryption to send a message to Ted. Bob encrypts the message with Ted's _____ key, and Ted decrypts the message using his _____ key.

A)public, public
B)public, private
C)private, private
D)private, public
E)None of these

Question 67

Which of the following statements concerning firewalls is not true?

A)Firewalls prevent unauthorized Internet users from accessing private networks.
B)Firewalls examine every message that enters or leaves an organization's network.
C)Firewalls filter network traffic according to categories of activities that are likely to cause problems.
D)Firewalls filter messages the same way as anti-malware systems do.
E)Firewalls are sometimes located inside an organization's private network.

Question 68

Your company's headquarters was just hit head-on by a hurricane, and the building has lost power. The company sends you to their hot site to minimize downtime from the disaster. Which of the following statements is true?

A)The site will not have any servers.
B)The site will not have any workstations, so you need to bring your laptop.
C)The site is probably in the next town.
D)The site should be an almost exact replica of the IT configuration at headquarters.
E)The site will not have up-to-date data.

Question 69

In a process called _____, a company allows nothing to run unless it is approved, whereas in a process called _____, the company allows everything to run unless it is not approved.

A)whitelisting, blacklisting
B)whitelisting, encryption
C)encryption, whitelisting
D)encryption, blacklisting
E)blacklisting, whitelisting

Question 70

Voice and signature recognition are examples of:

A)something the user is.
B)something the user wants.
C)something the user has.
D)something the user knows.
E)something the user does.

Question 71

Organizations use hot sites, warm sites, and cold sites to insure business continuity. Which of the following statements is not true?

A)A cold site has no equipment.
B)A warm site has no user workstations.
C)A hot site needs to be located close to the organization's offices.
D)A hot site duplicates all of the organization's resources.
E)A warm site does not include actual applications.

Question 72

Which of the following is not an example of a weak password?

A)IloveIT
B)08141990
C)9AmGt/*
D)Rainer
E)InformationSecurity

Question 73

Passwords and passphrases are examples of:

A)something the user is.
B)something the user wants.
C)something the user has.
D)something the user knows.
E)something the user does.

Question 74

You start a new job, and the first thing your new company wants you to do is create a user ID and a password. Which of the following would be a strong password?

A)The name of the company
B)Your last name
C)Your birthdate
D)Your initials (capitalized)and the number of the floor you are on
E)The name of the company spelled backward

Question 75

Shodan is used for _________.

A)creating a backdoor
B)SCADA attacks
C)spreading viruses
D)phishing

Question 76

_____ controls are concerned with user identification, and they restrict unauthorized individuals from using information resources.

A)Access
B)Physical
C)Data security
D)Administrative
E)Input

Question 77

In _____, the organization purchases insurance as a means to compensate for any loss.

A)risk management
B)risk analysis
C)risk mitigation
D)risk acceptance
E)risk transference

Question 78

Which of the following statements concerning the difficulties in protecting information resources is not correct?

A)Computing resources are typically decentralized.
B)Computer crimes often remain undetected for a long period of time.
C)Rapid technological changes ensure that controls are effective for years.
D)Employees typically do not follow security procedures when the procedures are inconvenient.
E)Computer networks can be located outside the organization.

Question 79

Shodan's primary purpose is ___________.

A)to be a hacker website
B)to be a service that searches the Internet for devices connected to the Internet
C)to be a website that shows which devices are vulnerable to hackers
D)to help users search for other people who use similar devices

Question 80

Discuss the possible consequences of a terrorist attack on a supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA)system.