Deck 7: Designing Developmentally Appropriate Environments Inside and Out

Question 1

Smiles, warm hugs, and sincere interest let a child know that he or she is unconditionally____________________.

Answer 1

​accepted

Question 2

Developmentally appropriate activities reflect diverse life experiences, encourage movement, andappeal to the five ____________________.

Answer 2

​senses

Question 3

Encouraging children to compete with each other ____________________ cooperativeness.

Answer 3

​reduces

Question 4

____________________ lets children discover their own passions and talents.

Question 5

The first step toward positively shaping children's behavior is simply setting a good____________________ for them.

Question 6

The development of ____________________ makes it possible to put oneself into another'sshoes, to feel what that person feels, and to have insight into his or her thoughts and actions.

Question 7

Child-directed activities allow children to work and play at their own ____________________.

Question 8

Infants ____________________ fully grasp that others have feelings and needs similar to theirown.

Question 9

We can prevent many behavior problems before they start by careful planning, by understandingchildren's developmental needs, and by creating a perfect ____________________ between theirneeds and the settings around them.

Question 10

Positive child guidance ____________________ includes the practice of spanking children.

Question 11

Prosocial behavior benefits others and demonstrates the presence of a(n) ____________________conscience.

Question 12

Feelings that it is not okay to be a child, to be one of the gang, hinder the development of____________________ that lead to wholesome cooperative play and to optimal social andemotional development.

Question 13

Children ____________________ complain to adults when personal rights have been violated.

Question 14

The concept of prosocial behavior focuses on three critical elements of beneficial interactionswith others: cooperation, altruism, and ____________________ in everyday actions.

Question 15

Cooperation enables children to work unselfishly with others toward a common____________________.

Question 16

Children who have developed ____________________ behave generously and are capable ofacting in a way that benefits others with no motive of personal gain.

Question 17

Frivolous or malicious telling on other children that is inappropriate is often referred to as____________________.

Question 18

The nurturing adult will closely monitor and limit children's viewing of ____________________to avoid overexposure to violent and irresponsible behaviors.

Question 19

Child-directed play helps children to learn sharing, ____________________, and self-advocacyskills.

Question 20

Although routines are essential to sanity and survival for group caregivers, nurturing adults willfind ways to be sensitive and make allowances for children's individual ____________________.

Question 21

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Traffic patterns

Question 22

The nurturing adult is willing to be both assertive and ____________________ at the same time.

Question 23

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Abusive head trauma (AHT)

Question 24

Appropriate affection and other expressions of affection must never be intrusive,____________________, or one sided, but rather respectful and reciprocal.

Question 25

When preschoolers ____________________ entire sequences of behavior, we get to see them reenacttheir world as they perceive it.

Question 26

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Environment

Question 27

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Child-directed

Question 28

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Altruism

Question 29

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Empathy

Question 30

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Nurture

Question 31

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Egocentric

Question 32

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Control of error

Question 33

Recognition and encouragement are appropriate alternatives to an overabundance of____________________.

Question 34

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Learning community

Question 35

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Antisocial

Question 36

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Prosocial

Question 37

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Playscape

Question 38

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Corporal punishment

Question 39

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Transitions

Question 40

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Cooperation

Question 41

A DAP environment should have

A)dizzying patterns to stimulate learning.
B)an uninterrupted circular pathway.
C)color-coded shelves.
D)all of these.

Question 42

Young children who fear their own basic needs may not be met

A)will develop a high level of autonomy.
B)are likely to be overly trusting and self-confident.
C)may not be able to be generous with others.
D)usually demonstrate excessive levels of altruism.
E)all of these.

Question 43

Developmentally appropriate environments

A)can prevent problem behaviors before they begin.
B)should be highly scheduled.
C)should be sterile and overstimulating.
D)all of these.

Question 44

What type of schedule supports positive behavior?

A)Child-directed activity
B)Adult-directed play
C)Lock-step group activity
D)Lock-step group activity
E)None of these

Question 45

Which of the following is not a way that adults can encourage calm transitions?

A)Keep transitions unrushed and peaceful.
B)Consider individual children's needs.
C)Avoid giving notice.
D)Plan and rehearse difficult transitions.
E)Follow a routine.

Question 46

How can you promote prosocial behavior?

A)Model prosocial behavior.
B)Assign simple chores.
C)Teach compromise.
D)All of these are correct.

Question 47

In a democracy people need to be

A)independent.
B)collaborative.
C)inflexible problem solvers.
D)all of these.

Question 48

A child's environment includes all of the following except

A)the child's inner motives and intentions.
B)the physical surroundings that influence the child's growth.
C)the circumstances that surround the child.
D)everything the child sees, hears, touches, or experiences.

Question 49

Effective teaching and caring staff

A)maintain positive attitudes.
B)keep low expectations for all children.
C)never admit their own mistakes.
D)focus on achieving learning outcomes determined by a program director.
E)all of these.

Question 50

Dewey argued that the single most important purpose of schooling is to

A)foster the development of egocentrism in children.
B)prepare children to become responsible citizens.
C)prepare children to teach others.
D)all of these.
E)none of these.

Question 51

Child-directed activities mean that

A)children can work and play at their own pace.
B)children's choices are not influenced by adult coercion.
C)activities are instigated by the child's natural curiosity and desire to learn.
D)all of these.

Question 52

Antisocial behavior is cultivated through

A)lack of ethical restraint.
B)lackadaisical permissiveness.
C)enforcing reasonable limits.
D)firmness.
E)all of these.

Question 53

How does a nurturing adult respond to aggression?

A)Spank the aggressor.
B)Stop the aggression immediately.
C)Solve the children's problems for them.
D)Put the aggressor in time out.
E)All of these are correct.

Question 54

Developmentally appropriate environments provide

A)materials that encourage movement.
B)materials that are visually appealing and are at a height easily accessible to all the children.
C)activities that appeal to the five senses: touch, taste, smell, hearing, and sight.
D)easily identifiable learning centers.
E)all of these.

Question 55

Corporal punishment in early childhood care

A)is ineffective and inappropriate.
B)is known to increase children's aggression.
C)contradicts the ideal of a peaceful family and society.
D)is linked with behavior and emotional problems.
E)all of these.

Question 56

In developmentally appropriate practice, consistent routines should not include

A)activities geared to help children develop self-control.
B)a reliable, predictable flow of events.
C)mandatory periods for rote memorization and completion of worksheets.
D)schedules that meet children's need for food, rest, and activity.

Question 57

Play

A)is a basic human right of every child.
B)is vital to child development.
C)encourages children to be creative in using their imaginations.
D)accomplishes learning objectives.
E)all of these.

Question 58

A critical issue of playground design is

A)the location of the water fountain.
B)bright colors.
C)age-appropriate design.
D)play and the price of toys.

Question 59

Children who have been given specific training in social-emotional skills are taught how to

A)solve their own problems independently.
B)discriminate sensory stimuli.
C)exercise judgment.
D)all of these.

Question 60

The nurturing adult is all of the following except

A)quick to provide gushing praise for every positive behavior.
B)an honest person.
C)assertive and caring.
D)an emotionally healthy person.
E)warm and personal in his or her interactions.

Question 61

Encouraging children to compete with each other reduces cooperativeness.

Question 62

Play helps children learn self-control by teaching them to express strong feelings.

Question 63

A child will know that he or she is unconditionally accepted through

A)smiles.
B)appropriate affection.
C)warm hugs.
D)sincere interest.
E)all of these.

Question 64

If changing a behavior does not work the first time, then it will never work.

Question 65

Memorization and busywork are important and logical tools for teaching prosocial behavior.

Question 66

Unconditional affection is communicated to a baby by his or her caregiver's words.

Question 67

Unhappy children are more likely to behave in prosocial ways.

Question 68

Antisocial behavior is that which cooperates with, cares about, and helps others.

Question 69

The first step toward positively shaping children's behavior is setting a good example.

Question 70

The nurturing adult is an honest, emotionally healthy person who has learned how to be bothassertive and authoritarian.

Question 71

A cooperative, caring, and generous atmosphere among young children evolves when childrenknow any inappropriate behavior will quickly bring punishment from adults.

Question 72

To promote prosocial behavior

A)model prosocial behavior.
B)encourage individual responsibility.
C)teach compromise.
D)help children see the effects of their behavior.
E)all of these.

Question 73

Children come into the world equipped with prosocial skills.

Question 74

Furniture and equipment break the floor space into clearly defined learning centers to discouragerunning, to encourage focused attention on learning materials, and to allow easy supervision.

Question 75

Effective early childhood environments always have holiday decorations, pictures, posters, signs,crafts, and parents' notices covering the walls, and special rugs covering the floors with numbers,letters, and game patterns in bright colors.

Question 76

A learning environment that is developmentally appropriate for four-year-olds would also bedevelopmentally appropriate for children of any age.

Question 77

Competition can establish patterns of greediness and lack of regard for the feelings of others.

Question 78

Appropriate affection should never be intrusive, overwhelming, or one-sided but rather respectfuland reciprocal.

Question 79

Adults should never tolerate a young child "telling" on another child who has misbehaved.

Question 80

A child who persists in malicious or frivolous tattling is engaging in inappropriate behavior thatshould be addressed.