Deck 22: Structure and Function of the Reproductive System

Question 1

At puberty the vaginal pH:

A)increases.
B)decreases.
C)stabilizes.
D)fluctuates.

Answer 1

decreases.

Question 2

The Skene glands are located on either side of the:

A)introitus.
B)urinary meatus.
C)clitoris.
D)vestibule.

Answer 2

urinary meatus.

Question 3

The human zygote has a total of 23 chromosomes.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Small amounts of progesterone are steadily secreted by the adrenal cortex.

Question 5

Estrogen is needed for the closure of long bones after the growth spurt in puberty.

Question 6

Which of the following shows a correct sequence in the hormonal stimulation of the reproductive systems leading to puberty in the female?

A)Anterior pituitary, gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH)
B)Hypothalamus, FSH, anterior pituitary
C)Anterior pituitary, FSH, LH
D)GnRH, hypothalamus, FSH, LH

Question 7

The male and female genital organs are homologous before 8 weeks of gestation.

Question 8

The parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for arteriolar constriction necessary for penile erections.

Question 9

The _____ is lined with columnar epithelial cells.

A)perimetrium
B)endocervical canal
C)myometrium
D)vagina

Question 10

Until the _____ week of gestation, the initial reproductive structures of the male and female appear the same.

A)third
B)eighth
C)twentieth
D)thirtieth

Question 11

The vaginal wall does not contain mucus-secreting glands.

Question 12

The function of Bartholin glands is to secrete mucus in order to:

A)lubricate inner labial surfaces and enhance motility of sperm.
B)lubricate the urinary meatus and vestibule.
C)maintain the acid-base balance to discourage proliferation of pathogenic bacteria.
D)lubricate the cervix and enhance movement of the penis during intercourse.

Question 13

Production of sperm begins during fetal life.

Question 14

Prolactin helps maintain biosynthesis of testosterone.

Question 15

During the late follicular phase of the menstrual cycle, estrogen levels begin to dip and progesterone levels begin to rise.

Question 16

What factors defend the vagina from infection?

A)An acid pH between 4 and 5
B)A thin squamous epithelial lining
C)Douching or use of vaginal spray
D)Low estrogen levels

Question 17

At puberty the uterus descends from the abdomen to the lower pelvis between the bladder and rectum.

Question 18

The major hormonal determinant of sexual differentiation in utero is:

A)estrogen.
B)progesterone.
C)growth hormone.
D)testosterone.

Question 19

Where is the usual site of fertilization of an ovum?

A)Distal end of the fallopian tubes
B)Fimbriae of the fallopian tubes
C)Ampulla of the fallopian tubes
D)Os of the fallopian tubes

Question 20

Which hormone is linked to obesity and early puberty?

A)Inhibin
B)Leptin
C)Activin
D)Follistatin

Question 21

The major difference between male and female sex hormone production is that:

A)LH has no apparent action in a man.
B)in a man sex hormone production is relatively constant.
C)estradiol is not produced in a man.
D)in a man GnRH does not cause the release of FSH.

Question 22

During the menstrual cycle, ovulation is directly caused by a:

A)gradual decrease in estrogen levels.
B)sudden increase of LH.
C)sharp rise in progesterone.
D)gradual increase in estrogen levels.

Question 23

Penile erections begin:

A)before birth.
B)shortly after birth.
C)shortly before puberty.
D)after puberty.

Question 24

Spermatogenesis occurs in the:

A)epididymis.
B)rete testes.
C)seminiferous tubules.
D)vas deferens.

Question 25

What causes the vasomotor flushes (hot flashes) that are associated with declining ovarian function with age?

A)Decreased estrogen levels
B)Increased progesterone levels
C)Increased estrogen levels
D)Rapid changes in estrogen levels

Question 26

The usual site of cervical dysplasia or cancer in situ is the point at which the:

A)squamous epithelium of the cervix meets the cuboidal epithelium of the vagina.
B)columnar epithelium of the cervix meets the squamous epithelium of the uterus.
C)squamous epithelium of the cervix meets the columnar epithelium of the uterus.
D)columnar epithelium of the cervix meets the squamous epithelium of the vagina.

Question 27

Testosterone causes all of the following except:

A)baldness.
B)increased libido.
C)acne.
D)decreased cholesterol.

Question 28

Match the hormone with the corresponding characteristics or functions. Names of hormones may be used more than once.
Induces the conversion of androgens to estrogens

A)Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)
B)Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
C)Luteinizing hormone (LH)
D)Estrogen
E)Progesterone

Question 29

A surge of which hormone changes the ovulatory follicle into the corpus luteum?

A)FSH
B)LH
C)GnRH
D)Progesterone

Question 30

Match the hormone with the corresponding characteristics or functions. Names of hormones may be used more than once.
Stimulates theca cells of the ovarian follicle to produce androgens

A)Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)
B)Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
C)Luteinizing hormone (LH)
D)Estrogen
E)Progesterone

Question 31

Which immunoglobulin is contained in breast milk?

A)IgA
B)IgE
C)IgG
D)IgM

Question 32

_____ are a pair of glands that lie posterior to the urinary bladder in the male.

A)Seminal vesicles
B)Prostate glands
C)Cowper glands
D)Parabladder glands

Question 33

Which hormone promotes development of the lobular ducts in the breasts?

A)Progesterone
B)Prolactin
C)Oxytocin
D)Estrogen

Question 34

Having ejected a mature ovum, the ovarian follicle develops into a(n):

A)atretic follicle.
B)thecal follicle.
C)corpus luteum.
D)functional scar.

Question 35

Which anatomic structure secretes FSH, LH, and GnRH?

A)Hypothalamus
B)Ovaries
C)Anterior pituitary
D)Adrenal cortex

Question 36

Match the hormone with the corresponding characteristics or functions. Names of hormones may be used more than once.
Relaxes the myometrium and prevents lactation until the fetus is born

A)Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)
B)Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
C)Luteinizing hormone (LH)
D)Estrogen
E)Progesterone

Question 37

Which of the following is not a normal characteristic of aging of the male reproductive system?

A)Reduced sperm count
B)Slower, less forceful ejaculations
C)Testicular atrophy and softening
D)Longer time to achieve full erection

Question 38

The equivalent to the ovaries in women is the _____ in men.

A)epididymis
B)spermatic cord
C)vas deferens
D)testes

Question 39

Which immunoglobulin is secreted by mucosal secretions of the cervix?

A)IgA
B)IgE
C)IgG
D)IgM

Question 40

During menstrual cycles in which ovulation occurs, basal body temperature (BBT):

A)increases.
B)decreases.
C)fluctuates around 37° C (98° F).
D)rises consistently above 37.8° C (100° F).

Question 41

Match the phrases with the corresponding terms.
Serology

A)Cytologic exam
B)Antigen-antibody reaction
C)Hormonal assay
D)Tissue sampling
E)Microbe identification

Question 42

Match the phrases with the corresponding terms.
Pap smear

A)Cytologic exam
B)Antigen-antibody reaction
C)Hormonal assay
D)Tissue sampling
E)Microbe identification

Question 43

Match the phrases with the corresponding terms.
Culture

A)Cytologic exam
B)Antigen-antibody reaction
C)Hormonal assay
D)Tissue sampling
E)Microbe identification

Question 44

Match the hormone with the corresponding characteristics or functions. Names of hormones may be used more than once.
Acts on the Leydig cells to regulate testosterone secretion

A)Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)
B)Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
C)Luteinizing hormone (LH)
D)Estrogen
E)Progesterone

Question 45

Match the phrases with the corresponding terms.
Female fertility test

A)Cytologic exam
B)Antigen-antibody reaction
C)Hormonal assay
D)Tissue sampling
E)Microbe identification

Question 46

Match the hormone with the corresponding characteristics or functions. Names of hormones may be used more than once.
In combination with progesterone, controls the menstrual cycle

A)Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)
B)Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
C)Luteinizing hormone (LH)
D)Estrogen
E)Progesterone

Question 47

Match the phrases with the corresponding terms.
Biopsy

A)Cytologic exam
B)Antigen-antibody reaction
C)Hormonal assay
D)Tissue sampling
E)Microbe identification