Deck 7: A: Memory

Question 1

​Many three-year-olds can accurately report their experiences even 6 weeks later.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

You might show implicit memory of something despite having no conscious memory of it.​

Answer 2

True

Question 3

​Source amnesia can lead people to believe unreliable information.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

​Chunking can overcome some of the limitations of short-term memory.

Question 5

Moderate emotional arousal helps you store a memory.

Question 6

A sequential lineup,in which a witness makes a yes/no judgment on each suspect,one at a time,decreases the probability of falsely identifying an innocent person.​

Question 7

​Of the various ways of testing memory,a suspect lineup is most similar to the recall method.

Question 8

Brain damage that impairs declarative memory will equally impair procedural memory.​

Question 9

​Hermann Ebbinghaus conducted all his pioneering memory research on himself.

Question 10

"Flashbulb" memories of highly emotional events are not only vivid,but also reliably accurate.​

Question 11

​People often correctly answer questions by the recognition method that they could not answer by the recall method.

Question 12

Holding a memory long enough in short-term memory causes it to consolidate into long-term memory.​

Question 13

Repeating something over and over,word for word,is the best way to remember it.​

Question 14

Free recall,cued recall,recognition,and savings are all tests of implicit memory.​

Question 15

Letting a child use a doll to act out an event improves the accuracy of relating the event.
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Question 16

​Short-term memory can hold a vast amount of information.

Question 17

​A multiple-choice exam is an example of a recognition test of memory.

Question 18

Short-term memory for a list of words or numbers fades quickly unless you rehearse it.

Question 19

Typically,people form declarative memories gradually,and procedural memories quickly.
​

Question 20

Psychologists recommend that police lineups can improve recognition by telling the witness which person the police suspect.​

Question 21

​People trying to tell a story by memory often include reasonable events that weren't in the story.

Question 22

The more times you have memorized lists of a particular type,the longer you will remember each new list that you learn.​

Question 23

If you want to remember something for as long as possible,and you plan to spend 10 hours studying,it is best to study the material for 10 hours all at once.​

Question 24

​If you want to remember a set of information for a long time,under a variety of conditions,the best advice is to study the information repeatedly at your usual workstation (for example,your desk).

Question 25

People with Korsakoff's syndrome confabulate on all types of questions,even nonsensical ones.​

Question 26

​People who are impaired at remembering the past are also impaired at imagining the future.

Question 27

On average,students who bring laptop computers to class get better grades.​

Question 28

Remembering something is like replaying a recording of it.

Question 29

Answering questions about something improves your memory of it.

Question 30

While you are reading something,taking time out to answer questions about it will improve your memory of it.

Question 31

Damage to the hippocampus impairs all types of memory equally.​

Question 32

If you are trying to remember the items on a list,an effective strategy is to rate how helpful each item might be in a life-or-death situation.​

Question 33

Preschool children fail to form semantic memories.

Question 34

​Growth of new neurons in early childhood leads to faster learning but also faster forgetting.

Question 35

Old people remember many events from their adolescence and young adulthood better than similar events from recent years.​

Question 36

Many students who get good grades finish their reading assignments slowly.

Question 37

Psychological researchers agree that clinicians can help people recover lost memories of childhood abuse.​

Question 38

Children who experience traumatic events (for example,witnessing the murder of their parents)repress the memories and cannot recall them later.​

Question 39

​If you describe everything you remember about something today,you might remember more if you try again tomorrow.

Question 40

After an event happens,people tend to overestimate how predictable it was.​

Question 41

The aspect of working memory responsible for governing shifts of attention is known as __________ functioning.​

Question 42

Forgetting new material because of interference from similar old memories is known as _________ interference.

Question 43

​The associations you form at the time of learning are the most effective retrieval cues for remembering something later.This principle is known as _________ specificity.

Question 44

People memorize a list of words best if they think about each word and form as many associations as possible with each word.This is known as the ____________________ principle.​

Question 45

Remembering specific experiences in your life is a special type of declarative memory known as _________ memory.​

Question 46

​Remembering how to kick a soccer ball is an example of ____________________ memory.

Question 47

Remembering the details of what you did on the most recent holiday is an example of a special type of declarative memory known as ________ memory.​

Question 48

​You read a list of words including envelope,address,stamp,and seal.Later someone asks you what word on the list refers to a kind of animal,and you do not think of the word seal.This result is an example of the __________ specificity principle.

Question 49

If you remember more of some material the second time you try to recall it than you did the first time,your improved memory is called ________.
​

Question 50

Describing everything that happened to you today is performing a _____ test of memory.

Question 51

Free recall,cued recall,recognition,and savings are tests of ____________________ memory.​

Question 52

​The tendency to misremember your earlier expectations so they match the way events later happened is known as ________ bias.

Question 53

If you remember something,but you forget where or how you learned it,you are showing ________ amnesia.​

Question 54

The tendency to remember the first item on a list better than those in the middle of the list is known as the _______ principle.​

Question 55

In the method of loci,you first memorize a series of places and then use them to help you remember some other list.The method of loci is one example of a ______ device.​

Question 56

The system for using current information is known as _______ memory.​

Question 57

Memory of principles and facts,such as what you learn in school,is a special kind of declarative memory known as __________ memory.​

Question 58

A suspect lineup is an example of testing memory by the ______ method.​

Question 59

Finding your own car in a large parking lot is like testing memory with the __________ method.​

Question 60

If you say some words that you recently heard,without remembering that you heard them,you are demonstrating _________ memory.​

Question 61

What are several ways in which memory is different from replaying a recording?

Question 62

Patient H.M.suffered severe amnesia after damage to his ________.​

Question 63

A police officer is interviewing a young child about a possible instance of child abuse.What should the interviewer do and avoid doing?​

Question 64

What recommendations do psychologists offer concerning best ways for the police to conduct suspect lineups?​

Question 65

Impaired memory before brain surgery or a trauma to the head is known as __________ amnesia.​

Question 66

​What currently appears to be the best explanation for early childhood amnesia,and why is this explanation better than those that psychologists previously considered?

Question 67

​Describe an example of source amnesia.

Question 68

Suppose you want to test whether a child remembers the names of the planets.How would you do so by the cued recall method and by the recognition method?​

Question 69

Prolonged deficiency of vitamin B1 (usually caused by severe alcoholism)leads to an impairment of memory and attention known as __________ syndrome.

Question 70

After damage to the hippocampus,which aspects of memory are most likely to be impaired,and which are likely to be retained?​

Question 71

Forgetting old memories because of interference from similar new memories is known as _________ interference.​

Question 72

Inability to store new long-term memories is known as __________ amnesia.​

Question 73

If you are trying to memorize a list of words,what are some strategies that would help?

Question 74

Sigmund Freud referred to the process of moving unacceptable memories from the conscious mind to the unconscious mind with the term _________.​

Question 75

Define executive functioning and describe one way to measure it.​