Deck 10: Object-Oriented Analysis and Modeling Using the Uml

Question 1

Object-oriented analysis (OOA) techniques are used to (1) study existing objects to see if they can be reused or adapted for new uses; and (2) define new or modified objects that will be combined with existing objects into a useful business computing application.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

An object is something that is or is capable of being seen, touched, or otherwise sensed, and about which users store data and associate behavior.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Attributes are the data that represents characteristics of interest about an object.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

An attribute is something that is or is capable of being seen, touched or otherwise sensed, and about which users store data and associate behavior.

Question 5

Behavior refers to those things that the object can do and that correspond to functions that act on the object's data (or attributes). This is commonly referred to as a method, operation or service.

Question 6

Behavior is the packaging of several items together into one unit.

Question 7

An object class is a set of object instances that share the same attributes and behavior.

Question 8

An object instance is a set of object classes that share the same attributes and behavior.

Question 9

Inheritance means that methods and attributes defined in an object class can be inherited or reused by another object class.

Question 10

A supertype is an object class whose instances store attributes that are common to one or more subtypes of the object class.

Question 11

A subtype is an object class whose instances store attributes that are common to one or more supertypes of the object class.

Question 12

An object class relationship is a natural business association that exists between one or more object classes.

Question 13

A message is passed when one object invokes one or more of another object's methods (behaviors) to request information or some action.

Question 14

An attribute is passed when one object invokes one or more of another object's methods (behaviors) to request information or some action.

Question 15

Polymorphism means "many forms." Applied to object-oriented techniques, it means that the same named behavior may be completed differently for different object classes.

Question 16

Encapsulation means "many forms." Applied to object-oriented techniques, it means that the same named behavior may be completed differently for different object classes.

Question 17

Use case diagrams graphically depict the interactions between the system and external systems and users. In other words, they graphically describe who will use the system and in what ways the user expects to interact with the system.

Question 18

Activity diagrams depict the sequential flow of a use case or business process.

Question 19

Class diagrams depict the system's object structure. They show object classes that the system is composed of as well as the relationships between those classes.

Question 20

There are thirteen diagrams used in UML 2.0.

Question 21

The current version of UML is 3.0.

Question 22

The UML does not prescribe a method for developing systems - only a notation for modeling.

Question 23

Class diagrams model how events can change the state of an object class over its lifetime.

Question 24

A subtype can have a behavior with the same name as a behavior in it's supertype.

Question 25

The only way to access or change an object's attributes is through that object's behaviors.

Question 26

If exam is an object class, then your exam paper is an object instance.

Question 27

An object class can be referred to simply as a class.

Question 28

A Student object class and a Teacher object class would have a supertype/subtype relationship.

Question 29

The concept of multiplicity is essentially the same concept as cardinality in data modeling

Question 30

In UML 2.0 the notation for composition has been dropped.

Question 31

Composition is drawn with a filled diamond.

Question 32

One of the UML 2.0 diagrams is the collaboration diagram.

Question 33

The UML version 1.0 was released in 1997.

Question 34

An activity diagram can be used to model logic with the system.

Question 35

A student object class might have a behavior called withdrawFromUniversity.

Question 36

A student object class might have am attribute called withdrawFromUniversity.

Question 37

Multiplicity is the minimum and maximum number of occurrences of one object class for a single occurrence of the related object class.

Question 38

Aggregation is a stronger form of composition.

Question 39

In an e-commerce information system, the relationship of a shopping cart object class to a shopping cart item object class would be a generalization/specialization.

Question 40

In object-oriented analysis, the requirements use-case model is used as is.

Question 41

Once all the requirements use cases have been reviewed and approved by the users, each use case will be refined to include more information to specify the system functionality in detail. The resulting use cases are called analysis use cases and should represent any implementation specifics.

Question 42

A use case may contain complex functionality consisting of several steps that are difficult to understand. To simplify the use case and make it more easily understood, we could extract the more complex steps into their own use cases. This type of use case is called an extension use case in that it extends the functionality of the original use case.

Question 43

An abstract use case represents a form of "reuse."

Question 44

An abstract use case is available for referencing (or use) by any other use case that requires its functionality.

Question 45

New use cases may be added during object-oriented analysis.

Question 46

New actors may be added to a use-case diagram during object-oriented analysis.

Question 47

In composition, the "whole" is responsible for the creation and destruction of its parts.

Question 48

A class is said to be persistent if it outlives the execution of a program.

Question 49

The steps of a use case can be modeled with an activity diagram.

Question 50

An activity diagram begins with an initial node.

Question 51

At least one activity diagram can be constructed for each use case.

Question 52

To specify who does what, you can divide an activity diagram into flows.

Question 53

Every flow on an activity diagram needs words to identify them.

Question 54

On an activity diagram all actions coming into a fork must be completed before processing continues.

Question 55

On an activity diagram a subactivity indicator indicates a separate activity diagram.

Question 56

A system sequence diagram depicts the interaction between an actor and the system for a use case scenario.

Question 57

In a system sequence diagram lifelines indicate the period of time when the participant is active in the interaction.

Question 58

In a system sequence diagram an input message called finalizeOrder would be proper according to UML convention.

Question 59

In a system sequence diagram a frame can show loops or optional steps.

Question 60

An object association matrix is a tool for prioritizing use cases.

Question 61

Every object class should have a primary key attribute identified.

Question 62

There is no need for foreign keys in a class diagram.

Question 63

The data associated with an object are called:

A) behaviors
B) attributes
C) inheritance
D) encapsulation
E) polymorphism

Question 64

In object-oriented analysis we evolve the requirements use case model into the analysis use-case model by performing the following steps:

A) identify, define and document new actors
B) identify, define and document new use cases
C) .identify any reuse possibilities
D) refine the use case model diagram
E) all of these

Question 65

The messages of a use case can be graphically depicted with a(n):

A) system analysis use case
B) use case diagram
C) activity diagram
D) system sequence diagram
E) none of these

Question 66

In an activity diagram you would combine flows that were previously separated by decision using a(n):

A) merge
B) fork
C) join
D) connector
E) none of these

Question 67

If an object class outlives the execution of the program, it is said to be:

A) permanent
B) transient
C) persistent
D) an instance
E) none of these

Question 68

Which of the following people were not involved in developing object-oriented analysis?

A) Grady Booch
B) E. F. Codd
C) Ivar Jacobson
D) James Rumbaugh
E) all of these were involved in developing object-oriented analysis

Question 69

A set of modeling conventions that is used to specify or describe a software system in terms of objects is:

A) data flow diagrams
B) object flow diagrams
C) attribute object diagrams
D) unified modeling language
E) none of these

Question 70

The packaging of an object with its behaviors is called:

A) behaviors
B) attributes
C) inheritance
D) encapsulation
E) polymorphism

Question 71

Those things that an object can do and that correspond to functions that act on the object's data (or attributes) is known as a(n):

A) method
B) behavior
C) operation
D) service
E) all of these

Question 72

Which type of class relationship can be described as "is part of" or "is composed of"?

A) generalization/specialization
B) association
C) aggregation
D) multiplicity
E) inheritance

Question 73

The condition where the methods and/or attributes defined in an object class can be inherited or reused by another object class is known as:

A) encapsulation
B) generalization
C) inheritance
D) specialization
E) none of these

Question 74

A technique wherein the attributes and behaviors are common to several types of object classes are grouped into their own class, called a supertype, is known as:

A) encapsulation
B) generalization
C) inheritance
D) generalization/specialization
E) none of these

Question 75

An object class whose instances inherit some common attributes from a class supertype and then add other attributes that are unique to its instances is known as:

A) a supertype
B) a subtype
C) a behavior
D) a message
E) none of these

Question 76

What defines how many instances of one object class can be associated with one instance of another object class?

A) associativity
B) multiplicity
C) relationship
D) inheritance
E) none of these

Question 77

Diagrams that depict the system's object structure and show object classes that the system is composed of as well as the relationships between those object classes are known as:

A) use case diagrams
B) class diagrams
C) object diagrams
D) sequence diagrams
E) none of these

Question 78

Which type of class relationship can be described as "is a"?

A) generalization/specialization
B) association
C) aggregation
D) multiplicity
E) inheritance

Question 79

In a Class Diagram a multiplicity of zero or more would be designated by:

A) 0..*
B) 0-*
C) a crow's foot
D) a 0 and a vertical line
E) none of these

Question 80

Which kind of diagram shows aggregation?

A) activity diagram
B) class diagram
C) system sequence diagram
D) class relationship diagram
E) none of these