Deck 8: Measures of Association for Categorical Variables

Question 1

An increase in education is associated with an increase in income. This is an example of what type of relationship?

A) negative
B) positive
C) symmetrical
D) no relationship exists

Answer 1

positive

Question 2

What measure of association should be used when examining the association between race and political affiliation?

A) phi
B) lambda
C) gamma
D) either a or b

Answer 2

either a or b

Question 3

What measure of association should be used when examining the association between race and class status?

A) phi
B) lambda
C) gamma
D) either a or b

Answer 3

either a or b

Question 4

What measure of association should be used when examining the association between class status and highest degree obtained?

A) phi
B) lambda
C) gamma
D) either a or b

Question 5

What measure of association should be used when examining the association between class status and happiness of marriage?

A) phi
B) lambda
C) Somer's d
D) either a or b

Question 6

What measure of association should be used when examining the association between highest degree obtained and happiness of marriage?

A) phi
B) gamma
C) Somer's d
D) either b or c

Question 7

What measure of association should be used when examining the association between two ordinal variables?

A) phi
B) gamma
C) Somer's d
D) either b or c

Question 8

What measure of association should be used when examining the association between two nominal variables?

A) phi
B) lambda
C) Somer's d
D) either a or b

Question 9

Suppose you find a chi-square of .91 from a table with 677 cases. Assume the information was from a 2X2 table. What is the value of phi?

A) .04
B) .08
C) .45
D) .91

Question 10

Based on the value of phi found in question 9, what is the strength of the association?

A) weak
B) moderate
C) strong
D) the measure does not reflect strength

Question 11

Based on the value of phi found in question 9, what is the direction of the association?

A) negative
B) positive
C) symmetrical
D) the measure does not reflect direction

Question 12

Suppose you find a chi-square of .91 from a table with 677 cases. Assume the information was from a 3X3 table. What is the value of the contingency coefficient?

A) .04
B) .08
C) .45
D) .91

Question 13

Use the table below to answer questions :


-What is the appropriate measure of association for the above variables?

A) phi
B) lambda
C) Somer's d
D) either a or b

Question 14

Use the table below to answer questions :


-Does this association appear to be positive or negative in direction?

A) negative
B) positive
C) symmetrical
D) direction does not exist between these variables

Question 15

Use the table below to answer questions :


-What is the value of lambda?

A) .09
B) .18
C) .36
D) .81

Question 16

Use the table below to answer questions :


-Based on the value of lambda found in question 15, what is the strength of the association between ethnicity and religion?

A) weak
B) moderate
C) strong
D) the measure does not reflect strength

Question 17

Use the table below to answer questions :


-What is the appropriate measure of association for the above variables?

A) phi
B) gamma
C) Somer's d
D) either b or c

Question 18

Use the table below to answer questions :


-Does this association appear to be positive or negative in direction?

A) negative
B) positive
C) symmetrical
D) direction does not exist between these variables

Question 19

Use the table below to answer questions :


-What is the value of gamma?

A) -.92
B) -.69
C) .69
D) .85

Question 20

Use the table below to answer questions :


-What is the value of Somer's d?

A) -.92
B) -.40
C) .40
D) .80

Question 21

Based on the value of gamma found in question 19, what is the strength of the association between class status and church attendance?

A) weak
B) moderate
C) strong
D) the measure does not reflect strength

Question 22

In cases involving nominal variables the association cannot have direction.

Question 23

Direction of association is not applicable when examining the relationship between religion and years of education.

Question 24

An increase in education is associated with an increase in income. This is an example of a negative relationship.

Question 25

Phi can be used when examining the association between race and political affiliation.

Question 26

Gamma can be used when examining the association between race and political affiliation.

Question 27

Somer's d can be used when examining the association between class status and highest degree obtained.

Question 28

Values of lambda range from 0 to 100.

Question 29

Define PRE. What role does it play in statistics? How is it important?

Question 30

Use the table below to answer questions :

-What, if any, association appears to exist in the data?

Question 31

Use the table below to answer questions :

-Calculate phi.

Question 32

Use the table below to answer questions :

-Calculate lambda.

Question 33

Use the table below to answer questions :

-Provide an explanation of any support found for your response to question 30 (hint: discuss evidence provided by Lambda and Phi).

Question 34

Use the table below to answer questions :

-What, if any, association appears to exist in the data? What is the direction of this relationship?

Question 35

Use the table below to answer questions :

-Calculate gamma.

Question 36

Use the table below to answer questions :

-Calculate Somer's d.

Question 37

Use the table below to answer questions :

-Provide an explanation of any support found for your response to question 30 (hint: discuss evidence provided by gamma and Somer's d).