Deck 25: Form and Function in Flowering Plants

Question 1

Plants that live for 2 years and then die are called:

A) perennials.
B) biennials.
C) diploid.
D) woody.

Answer 1

biennials.

Question 2

Primary xylem is:

A) characteristic of monocots.
B) characteristic of many dicots.
C) found in both monocots and dicots.
D) characteristic of nonflowering seed plants.

Answer 2

found in both monocots and dicots.

Question 3

You and a friend are walking in the woods, and you wish to impress your friend with your ability to distinguish monocots from dicots. In the woods, what is the easiest way to distinguish these two groups?

A) the number of seeds in the fruit
B) root structure
C) veins on leaves
D) stem internal anatomy

Answer 3

veins on leaves

Question 4

A pine tree produces seeds with four to eleven cotyledons. Therefore, we can conclude:

A) it is not a flowering plant.
B) their eggs are fertilized by multiple sperm cells.
C) they do not have secondary growth.
D) it is not a monocot.

Question 5

You find a chunk of petrified fossil wood and take it to a paleobotanist, who identifies it as palm (monocot) wood. What is the basis of this identification?

A) There are numerous tiny growth rings.
B) The vascular cambium appears active only between vascular bundles.
C) There is lots of heartwood and very little sapwood.
D) Only ground tissue and scattered vascular bundles occur in the specimen.

Question 6

Cells that are alive, have thickened corners, and function in mechanical rigidity could be:

A) vessel members.
B) parenchyma.
C) sclerenchyma.
D) collenchyma.

Question 7

Which of the following forms from dermal tissue?

A) seeds
B) epidermis
C) pith
D) gametophytes

Question 8

The fact that transfer cells have many mitochondria supports the statement that transfer cells move mineral ions by means of:

A) tension pressure.
B) active transport.
C) translocation.
D) facilitated diffusion.

Question 9

You find a plant with open stomata. What is the plant doing?

A) absorbing nutrients.
B) exchanging liquids
C) exchanging gases
D) absorbing water

Question 10

You are examining a microscope slide of an onion root tip looking for samples of cells in the middle of mitosis and cell division. You see lots of long, cylindrical cells all looking more or less alike, but no evidence of cell division. Why do you not see cell division?

A) You are looking at the region of elongation.
B) You are looking at the apical meristem.
C) You are looking at trichomes.
D) You are looking at root hairs, which are known to get longer but do not divide.

Question 11

Which of the following is present in underground stems but not in underground roots?

A) lateral buds
B) xylem
C) cortex
D) phloem

Question 12

Externally, how can you identify the youngest part of the region of maturation in a root?

A) branch roots
B) lack of a root cap
C) root hairs
D) lateral buds

Question 13

In a woody stem, which of these is not a secondary tissue?

A) wood
B) cambium
C) phloem
D) bark

Question 14

Which of the following matches a meristematic region with one of its products?

A) root apical meristem - zone of cell division
B) intercalary meristems - immature leaf
C) vascular cambium - cork
D) shoot apical meristem - root cap

Question 15

Which of the following cell types allows water to move up through plants as a result of water loss by transpiration?

A) tracheid
B) parenchyma
C) sieve element
D) companion cell

Question 16

A good way to study the translocation of food in plants would be to use radioactive:

A) lignin.
B) water.
C) fungi.
D) sucrose.

Question 17

A sequence of vessel elements most closely resembles:

A) a pitcher of water.
B) a needle with a tapered end.
C) segments of a pipe.
D) a hydroelectric generating station.

Question 18

Water-conducting cells that are long and narrow with small central cavities are:

A) vessel elements.
B) companion cells.
C) tracheids.
D) sieve elements.

Question 19

In the processes of osmosis in plants, what is the substance that diffuses across a semipermeable membrane?

A) oxygen gas
B) minerals
C) water
D) sugar

Question 20

All of the following are part of the mechanism for phloem transport except:

A) a pressure gradient.
B) osmosis.
C) active transport of sugar.
D) transpiration.

Question 21

Most organisms depend on the function of living cells. Examples of cells that function when they are dead are:

A) sieve tube cells and companion cells.
B) parenchyma, collenchyma, and sclerenchyma cells.
C) tracheids, vessel elements, and parenchyma cells.
D) tracheids, vessel elements, and sclerenchyma cells.

Question 22

You find a plant that is a self-pollinator. Why might this be a benefit?

A) increased genetic recombination
B) greater efficiency of pollination
C) meiosis occurs more rapidly
D) no flower is needed

Question 23

In instances where dispersal of gametes is extensive in plants:

A) maternal genes travel farther than paternal genes.
B) paternal and maternal genes travel equal distances.
C) paternal and maternal genes travel equal distances, but only paternal genes survive.
D) paternal genes travel farther than maternal genes.

Question 24

Self-pollination in plants may result in progeny that:

A) are somewhat different because mutations are common.
B) may express a recessive gene if that parent is heterozygous.
C) may be as varied as from cross-pollination.
D) may be heterozygous in a locus where the parent is homozygous.

Question 25

In the life cycle of a flowering plant, events include (1) pollination, and (2) formation of a pollen tube, in which order?

A) 1 occurs prior to 2.
B) 2 occurs prior to 1.
C) They both occur at about the same time.

Question 26

In the life cycle of a flowering plant, events include (1) fusion of sperm to egg and (2) division of the megaspore mother cell to form megaspores, in which order?

A) 1 occurs prior to 2.
B) 2 occurs prior to 1.
C) They both occur at about the same time.

Question 27

In the life cycle of a flowering plant, events include (1) meiosis in the anther, and (2) formation of megaspores, in which order?

A) 1 occurs prior to 2.
B) 2 occurs prior to 1.
C) They both occur at about the same time.

Question 28

As plants have evolved over time, one trend has been:

A) seed to nonseed.
B) nonseed to seed.
C) fruit to nonseed.
D) no fruit to no spores.

Question 29

Which of these parts of a flower are part of the gametophyte generation and thus haploid?

A) stigma
B) sepals
C) megaspore
D) petals

Question 30

Match the term megaspore with the most closely related term.

A) gametophyte
B) gamete
C) sporophyte
D) spore

Question 31

Match the term embryo with the most closely related term.

A) gametophyte
B) gamete
C) sporophyte
D) spore

Question 32

Match the term pollen grain with the most closely related term.

A) gametophyte
B) gamete
C) sporophyte
D) spore

Question 33

Match the term embryo sac with the most closely related term.

A) gametophyte
B) gamete
C) sporophyte
D) spore

Question 34

Match the term sperm with the most closely related term.

A) gametophyte
B) gamete
C) sporophyte
D) spore

Question 35

Match the term stem with the most closely related term.

A) gametophyte
B) gamete
C) sporophyte
D) spore

Question 36

Match the term cotyledon with the most closely related term.

A) gametophyte
B) gamete
C) sporophyte
D) spore

Question 37

Refer to the figure above and then answer the question that follows.

-In addition to the zygote (embryo), what results from double fertilization in angiosperms?

A) cotyledons
B) endosperm
C) embryo sac
D) the fruit

Question 38

Which of the following is true about the alternation of generations in land plants?

A) Sporophytes are N.
B) Gametes are always produced by meiosis.
C) Viable spores always contain embryonic sporophytes.
D) Sporophytes are always dominant.

Question 39

You see a moss plant near the base of a tree in your yard. What you can see of this plant without magnification is probably a:

A) zygote.
B) spore.
C) sporophyte.
D) gametophyte.

Question 40

Looking at a large tree, you are looking at:

A) sporophyte.
B) spore.
C) zygote.
D) gamete.

Question 41

In the processing of wheat to make white all-purpose flour, the wheat is passed through rollers, which pop off the embryo and the ovary wall. My grandmother used to add "wheat germ to the white flour of her baked goods to increase the protein content of these products, giving them almost as much protein as if she had used whole-wheat flour. What is "wheat germ"?

A) the wheat flour
B) the wheat fruit
C) the embryo
D) the bran

Question 42

Lack of a fruit is:

A) not characteristic of monocots or dicots.
B) characteristic of monocots.
C) characteristic of many dicots.
D) characteristic of nonflowering seed plants.

Question 43

Which part of a flower develops into a fruit?

A) endosperm
B) ovary
C) receptacle
D) ovule

Question 44

In maple trees in the spring, sap with the sugar to make maple syrup is extracted from what plant tissue?

A) secondary xylem
B) pith
C) cork
D) phloem

Question 45

Based on your knowledge of how growth rings form, trees in which of these locations are likely to not have obvious growth rings in their secondary xylem?

A) Siberia
B) eastern United States
C) western Europe
D) Central America

Question 46

A tree of known age is cut down, and its growth rings are examined. The tree is relatively young, and the year of its germination is known. There are more growth rings than the age of the tree in years. How can you account for the excess growth rings?

A) The tree was growing in a tropical area.
B) Some years had an above-average rainfall throughout the season.
C) Trees normally make several growth rings in each of their 10th through 15th years.
D) Drought in the middle of some summers resulted in two growth rings in each of those years.

Question 47

Flowering trees, such as oaks and maples, are classified as perennials.

Question 48

Woody plants have primary growth.

Question 49

The tissues of vascular bundles in herbaceous stems are not found in woody stems.

Question 50

The equivalent of a root cap in stems are terminal bud scales.

Question 51

Increases in stem length of a young plant are primarily the result of cell elongation, not cell division.

Question 52

Humans are not very nice to grain seeds that we harvest; we kill the embryos and take away their food (endosperm).

Question 53

The hypocotyl of a young plant is the early stem.

Question 54

The petals of a flower are a part of the gametophyte.

Question 55

In gymnosperms, the gametophyte portion of the life is dominant.

Question 56

Sap is transported through the phloem in a plant cell by osmosis.

Question 57

Label the parts of the flowering plant (angiosperm).

Question 58

Discuss the origin and development of stem primary tissues, including their locations in stems and probable functions.