Deck 14: Applying Anthropology: How Does It Make a Difference

Question 1

What type of anthropologist seeks solutions to problems in areas such as children's health? A(n)

A) urban anthropologist
B) corporate anthropologist
C) medical anthropologist
D) paleoanthropologist

Answer 1

medical anthropologist

Question 2

Employing ethnographic methods in business settings results in information and data that are helpful because they are more

A) qualitative.
B) quantitative.
C) statistically significant.
D) personal.

Answer 2

qualitative.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT an example of the type of work applied anthropologists do? Applied anthropologists

A) help to develop various programs associated with health care.
B) help to develop businessmen and corporations solve production and supply issues.
C) assist in problems concerning agriculture management.
D) assist horticulturalists in developing foraging techniques.

Answer 3

assist horticulturalists in developing foraging techniques.

Question 4

Corporate culture qualifies as a culture in anthropological terms because

A) employees share the same work location.
B) employees view themselves as part of a stratified system.
C) patterns of behavior within the corporation are learned.
D) patterns of leadership are the same in corporations.

Question 5

Applied anthropologists use participant observation, life histories, and interviews.This produces data that is more

A) quantitative
B) qualitative
C) useful for comparison
D) useful for statistical analyses

Question 6

Applied anthropologists who use ethnographic methods to study business organizations are said to be studying

A) corporate culture
B) business culture
C) organizational culture
D) business structure

Question 7

When people in business use the term corporate culture, they typically mean that the corporate members share

A) ideologies.
B) work places.
C) common goals.
D) manners and customs.

Question 8

The on-site techniques used to study the multinational corporation's education division, as reported by McCurdy, revealed what warehouse problems?

A) outdated computers
B) outdated billing systems
C) employees who only estimated the number of books packaged
D) employees who were not properly trained in the warehouse management software

Question 9

Investigations by medical anthropologists of "susto" showed that people with "susto" had

A) fewer biological diseases than a control group.
B) more psychological ills than a control a group.
C) fewer psychological ills than a control group.
D) more biological diseases than a control group.

Question 10

In an effort to address customer complaints in the McCurdy study of the multinational corporation, ethnographic techniques revealed that

A) workers filling orders were estimating the number of books instead of counting them.
B) workers were not properly trained on the computer software.
C) shrink-wrapping books took too much time.
D) workers spent too much time carrying shipments to offices in multistory buildings.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT studied by medical anthropologists?

A) maternal nutrition
B) paternal child support
C) epidemiology
D) folk medicine

Question 12

"Greta," the Mexican folk medicine, was used to treat

A) constipation.
B) allergies.
C) common colds.
D) earaches.

Question 13

In his research on Mexican-American folk medicine, Robert Trotter used all of the following research methods EXCEPT

A) informants
B) formal interviews
C) informal interviews
D) questionnaires

Question 14

Robert Trotter discovered that two different Mexican folk medicine remedies contained harmful amounts of

A) salt.
B) Vitamin D.
C) lead.
D) iron.

Question 15

Robert Trotter did all of the following in his research to find solutions EXCEPT

A) search "yerberias."
B) work in a "yerberia."
C) research towns with large Mexican-American populations.
D) interview folk healers.

Question 16

Tradition, a common barrier in culture change situations, was circumvented by Robert Trotter because he did not

A) encourage legal sanctions against the folk herbalists.
B) publicly challenge the authority of "curanderos."
C) insist on the confiscation of all "azarcon."
D) directly criticize Mexican folk medicine.

Question 17

Robert Trotter showed sensitivity to the local culture in designing a program that drew attention to products containing lead when he

A) developed educational programs for "curanderos."
B) had local Mexican-American art students design information posters.
C) asked local political leaders to make speeches.
D) developed educational programs for the local schools.

Question 18

Deforestation in Haiti

A) resulted from colonialism.
B) has occurred cyclically since prehistoric times.
C) resulted from overpopulation.
D) occurred as new building methods were brought to Haiti.

Question 19

Why did the Haitian peasants not embrace the reforesting effort?

A) Too many new trees did not survive.
B) The actual cost of the tree planting exceeded initial cost estimates.
C) Peasants believed that the government would profit at their expense.
D) Reforesting was in conflict with local belief systems.

Question 20

Initial attempts by AID to bring about reforestation in Haiti failed because

A) an unsuitable species of tree was to be planted.
B) the peasants lacked appropriate equipment for irrigation.
C) peasants perceived that they would lose title to their land.
D) peasants perceived that the state would profit at their expense.

Question 21

Gerald Murray became involved with the reforestation program in Haiti because he

A) applied for the position of program director.
B) taught anthropology at a Haitian university.
C) had demonstrated success in directing similar projects elsewhere.
D) bragged that he could design a successful program cheaply.

Question 22

The center point of Murray's success in designing the reforestation program in Haiti was that he

A) selected trees with multiple uses.
B) created lumber mill cooperatives.
C) developed an infrastructure for transporting logs.
D) arranged for wood sales on the international market.

Question 23

By the end of the four-year funded reforestation project, how many trees had been planted?

A) one hundred thousand
B) one million
C) five million
D) twenty million

Question 24

All of the following were technical issues and solutions associated with Murray's AOP project EXCEPT the

A) identification of fast growing drought-resistant trees that produce wood suitable for construction.
B) logistical problems such as roads for truck and manpower.
C) the production of micro seedlings that were lightweight and could be produced in quantity and transported easily.
D) development of ethnographic information on cropping patterns.

Question 25

How did AOP technicians overcome the perception that the Haitian government owned the planted trees?

A) Each farmer had a contract with AOP.
B) Local government leaders coordinated the program.
C) The local church was active in the program.
D) The program involved American Peace Corps workers.

Question 26

Susan Squires and her colleagues discovered all of the following about people's breakfast desires and attitudes EXCEPT

A) mothers wanted nutritious breakfasts.
B) dad wanted a traditional breakfast.
C) moms and dads wanted the most economical breakfast.
D) kids wanted a fun breakfast if they ate at all.

Question 27

Design anthropologists are expert at using ethnographic methods to distinguish

A) the best possible design.
B) between ideal and actual behavior.
C) the best pricing for a new commodity.
D) between subcultures.

Question 28

Ann Jordan's report on the corporate merger between "Uno Inc" and "Due Inc" exemplified all of the following problems in newly merged companies EXCEPT

A) two different corporate cultures existed
B) marketing strategies differed in these companies.
C) all of the employees of one company were fired.
D) both company employee groups saw their way of doing business as most adaptive to the market.

Question 29

Susan Squires and her colleagues used what techniques in their research leading the development of the product Go-Gurt?

A) observation, recorders, video cameras
B) focus groups and interviews.
C) questionnaires and interviews
D) participant observation and questionnaires

Question 30

Office furniture manufacturer Steelcase modified its office design approach based on ethnographic methods input by design anthropologists.This included

A) creating larger offices.
B) eliminating office cubicles.
C) creating gathering places in halls.
D) creating lunch rooms closer to office cubicles.

Question 31

What do applied anthropologists do?

Question 32

What are three central concepts in anthropology that can be used in applied situations to give a new perspective on problems and issues?

Question 33

What do business people typically mean when they use the term corporate culture?

Question 34

What were three issues over which customers were unhappy in the case study of anthropology in business?

Question 35

Describe two types of work done by medical anthropologists.

Question 36

What did research by medical anthropologists reveal about the folk disease called "susto"?

Question 37

What are "greta" and "azarcon"?

Question 38

Discuss two successful strategies that were part of Gerald Murray's program for reforestation in Haiti.

Question 39

Why did Murray's seedling project succeed and the AID program seedlings fail?

Question 40

Describe two benefits to farmers who planted Murray's seedlings.

Question 41

Discuss why using ethnographic methods in applied settings can yield a unique perspective.Illustrate with a specific example.

Question 42

Describe the warehouse problems that were revealed using ethnographic methods in the case study of anthropology in business.

Question 43

Summarize how and why the new manager's approach solved the warehouse problems in the case study from anthropology in business.

Question 44

Discuss and evaluate the approach used by Robert Trotter in his investigation of the case of lead poisoning.

Question 45

Describe the ethnographic techniques employed by Robert Trotter in order to help solve the case of lead poisoning.

Question 46

Discuss and evaluate the strategies developed by Gerald Murray in his reforestation program for Haiti.

Question 47

There is a labor dispute in a local cannery.Management views the situation and solution one-way, the union perceives the situation quite differently.Outline how an anthropological consultant would approach this situation.

Question 48

What can an anthropologist contribute to the business community?