Deck 24: Altered Cognitive Function

Question 1

Which portion of the brain controls vital body functions?

A) Diencephalon
B) Brainstem
C) Cerebrum
D) Cerebellum

Answer 1

Brainstem

Question 2

Which portion of the nervous system regulates involuntary functions of the body?

A) Central nervous system (CNS)
B) Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
C) Somatic nervous system (SNS)
D) Autonomic nervous system (ANS)

Answer 2

Autonomic nervous system (ANS)

Question 3

Which neurons transmit signals from the periphery to the CNS?

A) Motor
B) Sensory
C) Associational
D) Interneuron

Answer 3

Sensory

Question 4

Which is not a change in the brain associated with aging?

A) The ventricles decrease in size.
B) The brain shrinks.
C) The gyri narrow.
D) The sulci widen.

Question 5

Which process occurs first in the development of Alzheimer's disease?

A) N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors are overstimulated.
B) Chemical changes in tau proteins cause structural collapse.
C) Beta amyloid plaques form and impair transmission of signals along neural pathways.
D) There is a decline in the production of acetylcholine.

Question 6

Which is an acute, reversible condition of fluctuating cognitive function?

A) Lewy body dementia
B) Vascular dementia
C) Delirium
D) Parkinson's disease

Question 7

During which stage of Alzheimer's disease would you expect an individual with the illness to become aphasic and incontinent?

A) Early
B) Middle
C) Late
D) Severe

Question 8

In which cognition test is the patient asked to repeat three unrelated words, follow directions to draw a clock, then repeat the three unrelated words?

A) Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)
B) Delirium Elderly At Risk (DEAR) scale
C) Confusion Assessment Method (CAM)
D) Mini-Cog examination

Question 9

The nurse practitioner is providing education to the caregivers of an individual with dementia. Which recommendation would assist with reality orientation?

A) Using calendars and clocks
B) Creating large signs to label each room
C) Looking at photo albums and reminiscing
D) Maintaining consistency in daily activities

Question 10

The Beers list of drugs is used to do which of the following?

A) Identify which drugs to prescribe to individuals with alcohol dependence
B) Identify drugs that should be avoided in the care of older adults who are hospitalized
C) Identify drugs that interact with antipsychotics
D) Identity drugs that slow the progression of Alzheimer's disease

Question 11

Which neurotransmitter can be both excitatory and inhibitory?

A) Acetylcholine
B) Dopamine
C) Glutamate
D) Gamma amino butyric acid (GABA)

Question 12

Which decline in cognition is a normal change associated with aging?

A) Verbal language
B) Remote recall
C) Divided attention
D) Crystalized intelligence

Question 13

Which medication may be used to decrease anxiety and seizure activity?

A) Lorazepam
B) Haloperidol
C) Memantine
D) Donepezil

Question 14

Which medication may cause Stevens-Johnson syndrome?

A) Rivastigmine
B) Galantamine
C) Memantine
D) Lorazepam

Question 15

When referring to Case Study 6: Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), ADHD symptoms are a result of abnormal brain activity primarily in which area of the brain?

A) Cerebral cortex
B) Prefrontal cortex
C) Sensory cortex
D) Motor cortex