Deck 25: Food Webs and Energy Flow

Question 1

Organisms that eat primary consumers are called

A) Herbivores
B) Carnivores
C) Detritivores
D) Autotrophs
E) Producers

Answer 1

Carnivores

Question 2

Interaction strengths between species are represented by

A) Connectedness webs
B) Energy webs
C) Functional webs
D) Decomposer webs

Answer 2

Energy webs

Question 3

The proportion of production at one level that is eaten by, or ingested, by the next trophic level is called

A) Consumption efficiency
B) Production efficiency
C) Assimilation efficiency
D) Trophic efficiency
E) Trophic level efficiency

Answer 3

Consumption efficiency

Question 4

If l_n=100, A_n=20 and Prod_n=10, what is the assimilation efficiency?

A) 10%
B) 20%
C) 50%
D) 500%
E) 1000%

Question 5

Birds and mammals typically have production efficiencies in the range of

A) 1-2%
B) 5-10%
C) 10-20%
D) 20-50%
E) 50-100%

Question 6

A caterpillar ingests 500J from its food, 200J is used in cellular respiration, 180J of feces is produced and 120J goes to growth, what is the production efficiency?

A) 18%
B) 36%
C) 40%
D) 64%
E) 80%

Question 7

An oak tree can support hundreds of caterpillars and other herbivorous species and the same number, or greater, of insects parasitic on the herbivores. This is an example of a(n)

A) Pyramid of biomass
B) Inverted pyramid of numbers
C) Pyramid of energy
D) Inverted pyramid of biomass

Question 8

In food webs the quantity "actual number of links/potential number of links" is known as

A) Linkage density
B) The pyramid of numbers
C) Trophic level of efficiency
D) Connectance
E) Food web dominance

Question 9

If there are 20 species in a food web, what are the potential number of links, assuming links go only in one direction?

A) 150
B) 190
C) 320
D) 380
E) 500

Question 10

If there are 120 links in a food web and 360 potential links, connectance is

A) 0.3
B) 3.0
C) 240
D) 480
E) 43,200

Question 11

Tropical fruit trees are vital to the survival of toucans, monkeys and other fruit eaters and can be thought of as

A) Flagship species
B) Secondary producers
C) Keystone species
D) Heterotrophs
E) Indicator species

Question 12

In comparing his results from the Coachella Valley food web to other published food webs, Gary Polis found _______ links per species and ________ numbers of prey species per predator.

A) More, fewer
B) Fewer, higher
C) Fewer, fewer
D) More, greater
E) Higher, no differences in

Question 13

Ecosystem engineers

A) Create, modify and maintain habitat
B) Have a role out of proportion with their abundance or biomass
C) Have habitat requirements so large that protecting them would protect other species
D) Provide information on the overall health of an ecosystem

Question 14

Which of the following is a keystone species?

A) The Florida panther
B) A rare rhinovirus that induces a cold in a wildebeest
C) A rare distemper virus that kills lions
D) Salt marsh chordgrass
E) The Panda

Question 15

Which of the following species is not an ecosystem engineer?

A) Elephant
B) Coral
C) Gopher tortoise
D) Beaver
E) Pisaster starfish

Question 16

Polar bears can be thought of as

A) Survivor species
B) Ecosystem engineers
C) Indicator species
D) Umbrella species
E) Invasive species

Question 17

Carnivores can feed at multiple trophic levels.

Question 18

In a variety of food webs, connectance increases as food web species richness increases.

Question 19

Tropical fruit trees are dominant species not keystone species.

Question 20

Food webs are based on living material, not dead material.

Question 21

The total biomass in an ecosystem at any one point in time is known as the standing crop.