Deck 7: Color

Question 1

The physical property "wavelength" is related to which perceptual term?

A) hue
B) saturation
C) brightness
D) lightness

Answer 1

A

Question 2

The physical property "purity" is related to which perceptual term?

A) hue
B) saturation
C) brightness
D) lightness

Answer 2

B

Question 3

The intensity of the light source determines your experience of:

A) saturation
B) brightness
C) lightness
D) hue

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Intensity is to brightness as:

A) reflectance is to lightness
B) wavelength is to saturation
C) purity is to hue
D) purity is to lightness

Question 5

Hue is the psychological reaction to:

A) purity
B) reflectance
C) intensity
D) wavelength

Question 6

The wavelengths associated with colors in the visible spectrum range from about:

A) 100nm to 200nm
B) 200nm to 400nm
C) 400nm to 700nm
D) 700nm to 1000nm

Question 7

A hue of red has a wavelength of about __________________ while a hue of violet has a wavelength of about __________________.

A) 200nm; 400nm
B) 400nm; 200nm
C) 400nm; 700nm
D) 700nm; 400nm

Question 8

An object that is perceived to be blue appears that way because its surface is:

A) absorbing most of the long wavelengths (e.g., reds and oranges)
B) absorbing most of the medium wavelengths (e.g., yellows and greens)
C) absorbing most of the short wavelengths (e.g., blues)
D) both A and B

Question 9

Objects that appear white __________________ while objects that appear black __________________.

A) absorb only long wavelengths; absorb only short wavelengths
B) absorb only short wavelengths; absorb only long wavelengths
C) absorb no wavelengths; absorb all wavelengths
D) absorb all wavelengths; absorb no wavelengths

Question 10

Which of the following statements about color wheels is FALSE?

A) The wheel includes all of the nonspectral hues.
B) Hues near the center of the circle are less saturated than those near the edge.
C) Different wavelengths are arranged around the edge of the wheel.
D) The wheel includes all of the monochromatic colors.

Question 11

A hue that cannot be described in terms of a single wavelength is called a(n):

A) complementary hue
B) achromatic color
C) nonspectral hue
D) monochromatic color

Question 12

A hue that can be described in terms of a single wavelength is called a(n):

A) complementary hue
B) achromatic color
C) nonspectral hue
D) monochromatic color

Question 13

Which of the following is represented on a color wheel?

A) saturation
B) lightness
C) hue
D) all of the above

Question 14

Which of the following is an achromatic color?

A) gray
B) red
C) yellow
D) green

Question 15

For a given color, the amount of achromatic light added to the monochromatic light determines its:

A) reflectance
B) purity
C) brightness
D) hue

Question 16

Which of the following colors is the most saturated?

A) white
B) blue
C) black
D) gray

Question 17

If you were to paint your apartment purple by mixing together a can of red paint with a can of blue paint, you'd be using the __________________ mixture method.

A) additive
B) subtractive
C) multiplicative
D) divisive

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT an example of the subtractive mixture method?

A) combining two colored lights together
B) placing two colored filters together
C) mixing two pigments together
D) blending two dyes together

Question 19

If you mix blue and yellow together using the subtractive mixture method, you'll get:

A) red
B) yellow
C) green
D) gray

Question 20

The image on a color television screen takes advantage of the __________________ mixture method.

A) additive
B) subtractive
C) multiplicative
D) divisive

Question 21

If you mix blue and yellow together using the additive mixture method, you'll get:

A) red
B) yellow
C) green
D) gray

Question 22

When two colors can be combined to make an achromatic color, they are said to be:

A) primary hues
B) secondary hues
C) complementary hues
D) nonspectral hues

Question 23

Which of the following statements about additive color mixing is FALSE?

A) Additive mixtures involve at least 2 light sources.
B) Additive mixtures are highly saturated.
C) In additive mixing, the wavelength of each light source actually reaches the photoreceptors.
D) Additive mixing is used in the artistic technique of pointillism.

Question 24

Pairs of lights that look exactly the same but are composed of physically different stimuli are called:

A) protanopes
B) metamers
C) nonspectral hues
D) monochromatic colors

Question 25

Which of the following is NOT a kind of cone sensitive to color?

A) P
B) M
C) S
D) L

Question 26

Which kind of cone would be most sensitive to the color purple?

A) P
B) M
C) S D L

Question 27

After color information is picked up by the cones, it travels to the brain via the __________________ pathway.

A) P
B) M
C) S
D) L

Question 28

The trichromatic theory of color vision is also known as the:

A) Sapir-Whorf hypothesis
B) Purkinje-Shift hypothesis
C) Young-Helmholtz theory
D) Opponent-Process theory

Question 29

The trichromatic theory of color vision proposes that:

A) there are 3 primary colors
B) there are 3 monochromatic colors
C) the retina has 3 types of color receptors
D) the brain has 3 "color centers"

Question 30

Which of the following statements about M and L cones is FALSE?

A) M and L cones comprise over 90% of the cones in most people's retinas.
B) M and L cones are distributed in a very regular pattern on the retina.
C) The proportion of M and L cones varies across individuals with normal color vision.
D) The opsin for M and L cones is encoded on the X chromosome.

Question 31

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) Some women have 4 different types of cones.
B) Most women have 3 different types of cones.
C) Most men have 3 different types of cones.
D) Most animals have 3 different types of cones.

Question 32

The theory of color vision that proposes that there are 3 opponent color pairs operating beyond the receptor level is the:

A) Sapir-Whorf hypothesis
B) Opponent-Process theory
C) Young-Helmholtz theory
D) Trichromatic theory

Question 33

After staring at a picture of a yellow star, Matthew looks at a white wall and sees a star of a different color. He is experiencing a __________________ and the new star would most likely be __________________.

A) negative afterimage; blue
B) negative afterimage; red
C) color vision deficiency; blue
D) color vision deficiency; red

Question 34

If you were to stare at a picture of the American flag for a while and then look at a plain sheet of paper, what would you see?

A) red and white stripes; white stars on a blue background
B) green and red stripes; black stars on a white background
C) green and black stripes; black stars on a yellow background
D) black and white stripes; white stars on a black background

Question 35

Trichromatic theorists correctly identified __________________. Opponent-process theorists correctly identified __________________.

A) the explanation for negative afterimages; the percentage of S, M, and L cones on the retina
B) the genetic link between receptors and chromosomes; the presence of S cones
C) the receptors involved in color perception; the organization of color information beyond the receptors
D) the pathway of color information in the visual cortex; the role of retinal and opsin in color perception

Question 36

Which of the following receptive fields would NOT occur in normal trichromatic color perception?

A) +S center with -ML surround
B) +M center with -L surround
C) -S center with +ML surround
D) +LM center with -S surround

Question 37

Which of the following describes the path of color information in the visual system?

A) cones Æ ganglion cells Æ V4 Æ V1
B) cones Æ LGN Æ V5 Æ V1
C) cones Æ LGN Æ ganglion cells Æ V1
D) cones Æ ganglion cells Æ LGN Æ V1

Question 38

Approximately 8% of males and .4% of females have:

A) color vision deficiencies
B) color blindness
C) trichromacy
D) cerebral achromatopsia

Question 39

One method of assessing color vision is to ask the observer to detect a number hidden in a pattern of different colored circles. This is known as the:

A) Purkinje exam
B) Ishihara test
C) Farnsworth-Munsell test
D) Young-Helmholtz test

Question 40

Which of the following methods would NOT be used to assess color deficiencies in an individual?

A) testing whether the person can detect a colored stimulus against a colored background
B) counting the number of S cones present on the person's retina
C) having the person match a color using an anomaloscope
D) asking the person to arrange color chips

Question 41

Most people who have a color deficiency are:

A) protanope dichromats
B) tritanope dichromats
C) monochromats
D) anomalous trichromats

Question 42

An anomalous trichromat:

A) doesn't have any cones
B) only has one cone system
C) only has two cone systems
D) has all three cone systems, but one system is abnormal

Question 43

A deuteranomalous trichromat has:

A) abnormal M-cones and is insensitive to red-green
B) no M-cones and is insensitive to red-green
C) abnormal M cones and is insensitive to blue-yellow
D) no M cones and is insensitive to blue-yellow

Question 44

Protanopes have:

A) M and S cones, but no L cones
B) M and L cones, but no S cones
C) L and S cones, but no M cones
D) all three cone systems, but one system is abnormal

Question 45

Which of the following statements about tritanopes is FALSE?

A) Tritanopes confuse blues and yellows.
B) Tritanopes do not have any M cones.
C) Males and females are equally likely to be a tritanope.
D) Tritanopes are very rare.

Question 46

A person who is truly colorblind is a(n):

A) anomalous trichromat
B) tritanope
C) monochromat
D) deuteranope

Question 47

Individuals who have rod monochromacy:

A) have neither rods nor cones in their retinas
B) have no rods in their retinas, but do have cones
C) have no cones in their retinas, but do have rods
D) have both cones and rods, but neither are functioning Properly

Question 48

Color blindness that is due to damage to the ventromedial occipital cortex is:

A) hemianopia
B) cerebral achromatopsia
C) monochromacy
D) unilateral neglect

Question 49

Women who have more than three cone systems:

A) can see ultraviolet light
B) are often functionally blind
C) can make finer discriminations among colors in the visible spectrum
D) both A and C

Question 50

Which of the following statements abut color perception and aging is TRUE?

A) Aging does not affect lens coloration or color perception.
B) Aging does not affect lens coloration but older people experience a dramatic change in color perception for other reasons.
C) Aging affects lens coloration as well as the experience of color perception.
D) Aging affects lens coloration but older people experience little change in color perception.

Question 51

Our tendency to use the same color name for an object despite changes in the wavelength of the light illuminating the object is called:

A) the Purkinje shift
B) the McCullough effect
C) color constancy
D) cerebral achromatopsia

Question 52

Which of the following statements is consistent with retinex theory?

A) The visual system determines the lightest part of the stimulus and then seeks to determine if that part could be white.
B) Illumination causes adaptive changes in our photoreceptors which then influence our perception of the incoming reflected light.
C) After experiencing the same object under a wide range of illuminations, we make an unconscious inference about how the object would appear under white light.
D) Our memories of color and other properties of objects are permanently fixed.

Question 53

A gray object looks slightly red when presented against a green background. This is because of:

A) simultaneous color contrasts
B) objective color contrasts
C) successive color contrasts
D) subjective color contrasts

Question 54

Negative afterimages are examples of:

A) simultaneous color contrasts
B) objective color contrasts
C) successive color contrasts
D) subjective color contrasts

Question 55

In __________________, our sensitivity to various wavelengths moves toward the shorter wavelengths as we change from photopic to scotopic conditions.

A) simultaneous color contrasts
B) successive color contrasts
C) the McCullough effect
D) the Purkinje shift

Question 56

Relativists argue that color names are __________________. Relativists __________________ the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis.

A) arbitrary; oppose
B) arbitrary; support
C) common to all people; oppose
D) common to all people; support

Question 57

The notion that language influences thought and perception (including that of color categories) is the:

A) McCullough effect
B) Sapir-Whorf hypothesis
C) Purkinje shift
D) Trichromatic theory