Deck 3: Areas of Knowledge for Model-Based Instruction in Physical Education

Question 1

A knowledge base for teaching lists all of the things that a teacher must do to teach the subject effectively.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

General pedagogical knowledge includes teaching strategies that work in all subjects and situations.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Pedagogical content knowledge includes how to teach a subject or topic to specific groups of students in a specific context.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Declarative knowledge is what one knows about the many things that make for effective instruction in physical education.

Question 5

Conditional knowledge is the ability to carry out declarative knowledge in ways that facilitate class management and student learning.

Question 6

Procedural knowledge informs a teacher about when and why to make decisions that fit the specific context of the moment.

Question 7

Being able to illustrate correct rules as part of a task presentation is an example of conditional knowledge.

Question 8

Knowing how to modify activities in class when they are not developmentally appropriate for students is an example of procedural knowledge.

Question 9

Context refers to the sum total of all factors that can influence what and how content is taught and learned in physical education.

Question 10

According to Piaget, cognitive development in humans includes eight stages.

Question 11

Motor development refers to the way each person acquires (learns) patterns of movement through the life span.

Question 12

The Beginner/Novice level of skill learning is characterized by uncoordinated, hesitant, conscious, and inefficient movement.

Question 13

At the Intermediate/Practice level of skill learning, the learner begins to formulate learning strategies, or little 'tips,' that facilitate practice and performance.

Question 14

At the Advanced/Fine-Tuning level of skill learning, the learner has a complete understanding of game applications.

Question 15

A direct and straightforward interaction exists between affect and learning in the other domains.

Question 16

According to learning style theory, each of us has our own most effective way of learning.

Question 17

Teaching is defined as an enduring change in behavior, which results from practice or other forms of experience.

Question 18

Because we have many theories of learning, we also have many and often contrasting instructional models.

Question 19

The goal orientation theory of learning refers to people's efforts to achieve a goal for which they do not have an automatic solution.

Question 20

Under the humanistic theory of learning, a person attempts to fulfill five levels of needs: physiological, safety, belongingness, esteem, and self-actualization.

Question 21

In cognitive theory, learning occurs through the expansion of one's ability to make meaning of previously learned facts, symbols, concepts, and principles.

Question 22

Developmentally appropriate practice in physical education is based on the recognition that the content of learning, the learning environment, and the instruction must match the teacher's current developmental stage.

Question 23

Development proceeds at varying rates from learner to learner, as well as unevenly within different areas of each person's functioning.

Question 24

Development proceeds in an unpredictable direction toward greater complexity, organization, and internalization.

Question 25

Development and learning result from interaction of biological maturation and the environment, which includes both the physical and social worlds we live in.

Question 26

Play is an important vehicle for children's social, emotional, and cognitive development.

Question 27

A child's development can be accurately predicted by knowing his or her age.

Question 28

It is the learner's responsibility to establish and maintain developmental appropriateness at all times.

Question 29

Comprehension means the ability to grasp the meaning of information

Question 30

If a student can explain the importance of proper footwork, he or she is demonstrating knowledge at the application level.

Question 31

Synthesis means the ability to put elements, sometimes abstract ones, into a whole.

Question 32

If a student can recognize similarities and differences between the tennis swing and the swing used in racquetball, he or she is demonstrating knowledge at the level of synthesis.

Question 33

Nonlocomotor skills are basic, innate patterns formed by combining reflex movements, such as running, skipping, and hopping.

Question 34

Physical ability skills combine basic movement and perceptual abilities into simple movements, such as calisthenics.

Question 35

Learning in the cognitive domain is sometimes difficult to observe and measure, because the outcomes of such learning are internal states known only to the individual.

Question 36

A domain priority means that a learning activity will place the highest emphasis on outcomes in one domain and no emphasis on outcomes in one or both of the other domains.

Question 37

A domain interaction typically occurs when one domain is given the direct intent of the activity, and learning occurs indirectly in one or both of the other domains at the same time.

Question 38

Learning objectives in the affective domain are not as straightforward and can be a bit more subjective than those in the other domains.

Question 39

Locomotor skills are those that do not involve traveling through space or using an object or implement, such as static balancing, bending, stretching, twisting, and turning.

Question 40

Object manipulation skills are those used to control some piece of equipment that is not held in the hand or somehow fastened to the body.

Question 41

Implement manipulation skills require well-developed hand-eye coordination and visual tracking abilities.

Question 42

Strategic movement and skills are applied in dynamic situations, like games.

Question 43

Expressive and interpretive movements are not viewed as skills to be executed with proficiency or used to produce an outcome.

Question 44

Learning tips are those parts of the movement or skill needed for proficiency.

Question 45

A task analysis is conducted to identify the components of a skill that will be learned and to determine the order in which students will learn them.

Question 46

The ability to do a good task analysis is strongly based on a teacher's procedural knowledge.

Question 47

Content development includes the planned progression of learning activities that allow students to acquire the content listed in the task analysis.

Question 48

Content development in physical education has five types of learning tasks: listening, refining, playing, applying, and testing.

Question 49

In a scheduled progression, the teacher estimates how much time it should take the majority of students to learn each task, and then goes to the next task after that amount of practice time has elapsed.

Question 50

In mastery-based progressions, the teacher determines a performance criterion for the current task and a group acceptance rate, and then moves to the next task when both of those have been satisfied.

Question 51

A positive class climate is one in which every student feels like a valuable part of the larger group and can pursue learning in a comfortable, supportive, and nurturing environment.

Question 52

Equity in the gym means that all students will always get the same instruction, or that they can all achieve to the same level.

Question 53

PL 94-142 is often referred to as the 'Mainstreaming Law.'

Question 54

A movement education curriculum promotes the learning of basic movement skills and concepts that can be used later in specialized and sport-specific situations.

Question 55

In a games-based curriculum, students play only full versions of a game, for authentic learning.

Question 56

In the sport education curriculum, students assume and learn various roles and responsibilities associated with organized sport.

Question 57

In the academic discipline-based curriculum, students learn mostly good behavior and etiquette.