Deck 1: Framework and Methods

Question 1

According to Gilligan(1982), an ethic of caring when making moral judgements stems from:

A)thinking of people as separate beings
B)a view of the interconnectedness of people
C)thinking of all people as having value
D)viewing others as being equal in value to oneself

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Amoung individuals, internalising tends to:

A)increase with age
B)decrease with age
C)decrease with further education
D)increase inversely to the number of friends one has

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Adolescent girls in the US have more similar attitudes about __________ with their friends than boys.

A)school achievement
B)sexual behaviours
C)normative behaviours
D)social activities

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Erel and Burman(1995) found that there was a strong link between the quality of marital relationships and the quality of the relationship that these adults had with their children. This has been referred to as the …

A)correlational hypothesis
B)generational hypothesis
C)spillover hypothesis
D)relationship hypothesis

Question 5

Reliance on friends is greatest during the __________ stage of adulthood.

A)married without children
B)parental
C)romantically uncommitted
D)expecting children

Question 6

When asked to recall a recent moral dilemna(Walker, de Vries & Trevethen, 1987), women are more likely to …

A)recall an event involving relationships
B)recall an impersonal event
C)recall an event involving miscommunication
D)recall an event involving money

Question 7

Within Western society there are significant changes in relationships over the lifespan. Which of the following is NOT typical of relationships at the age described?

A)Same-sex friends provide the main sources of support in middle adolescence.
B)Males experience romantic experiences as most supportive in late adolescence.
C)Parents are seen as the most frequent providers of emotional support in middle childhood.
D)Tension in parent-child relationships and sibling relationships peaks in late adolescence.

Question 8

Self-disclosure studies by Buhrmester(1996), showed that by age 15 …

A)children are more likely to reveal personal information to parents
B)children are less likely to understand their own motives
C)children are less likely to reveal personal information to parents
D)children are more likely to understand their own motives

Question 9

Tensions between parent and child peak in …

A)middle childhood and early adolescence
B)middle and late adolescence
C)early and middle childhood
D)early and middle adolescence

Question 10

The quality of relationships in adolescence is influenced by ...

A)the quality of friends one associates with
B)the quality of attachment relations in infancy
C)the strength of one's support group
D)the quality of family relations in middle childhood

Question 11

Which is most likely true of adolescent same-sex friendships?

A)Female-female friendships are better because of the support network they provide.
B)Male-male friendships are better because of the team work they foster.
C)Neither male-male nor female-female friendships are conducive to developing important life skills.
D)Both male-male and female-female friendships develop skills that are important for functioning as adults.

Question 12

Overall violent activities are consistently ________ with girls.

A)lower
B)higher
C)nonexistent
D)more personal

Question 13

Male adolescents are less likely to(Benenson & Schinazi, 2004) …

A)desire achievement
B)have negative feelings when they achieve better than their friends
C)have positive feelings when they achieve better than their friends
D)resist efforts to achieve because of their friends

Question 14

Javascript is __ and __ language

A)ssaas
B)asas
C)saa
D)sa
E)asdsa

Question 15

Javascript is __ and __ language

A)adas
B)asdsad

Question 16

Match the theory/theorist with the statement:
-Psychosexual/ Freud

A)humans feel a need to be integrated into social and cultural environments
B)culture and language are the largest influences in a child's development
C)knowledge is constructed, not absorbed
D)unconcious motives play a large role in life experiences

Question 17

Match the theory/theorist with the statement:
-Vygotsky

A)humans feel a need to be integrated into social and cultural environments
B)culture and language are the largest influences in a child's development
C)knowledge is constructed, not absorbed
D)unconcious motives play a large role in life experiences

Question 18

Match the theory/theorist with the statement:
-Psychosocial/ Erikson

A)humans feel a need to be integrated into social and cultural environments
B)culture and language are the largest influences in a child's development
C)knowledge is constructed, not absorbed
D)unconcious motives play a large role in life experiences

Question 19

Match the theory/theorist with the statement:
-Piaget

A)humans feel a need to be integrated into social and cultural environments
B)culture and language are the largest influences in a child's development
C)knowledge is constructed, not absorbed
D)unconcious motives play a large role in life experiences

Question 20

Adolescents' experience with family roles has a __________ effect on their views of family roles.

A)moderate
B)strong
C)fairly weak
D)negligible

Question 21

Which is NOT true of adolescent females?

A)They receive more support from romantic relationships than males.
B)They report a higher number of interactions with same-sex friends.
C)They show higher levels of self-disclosure.
D)They give and receive more emotional support throughout each day.

Question 22

Which of these components of language involves the ordering of language?

A)Syntax
B)Pragmatics
C)Phonology
D)Semantics

Question 23

A mother brings her year-old baby into a new day care center for the first time. She puts the child down on the floor with the other infants and smiles encouragingly. The baby looks at her mother for help, using _________, to understand how to behave in the unfamiliar situation.

A)Egocentrism
B)Theory of Mind
C)Reversibility
D)Social referencing

Question 24

What is a sensitive period?

A)a time of heightened ability to learn
B)period of time under which a typical ability can be learned
C)a greater margin of time under which a specific skill can be learned
D)a time of emotional instability

Question 25

Babies can better learn the name of an object if..

A)they see the object repeatedly in the same scenario
B)the object is always alone
C)they see the object in various scenarios
D)they see the object always presented with one other object

Question 26

In making moral judgements, males tend to focus on _____________

A)justice
B)responsibility
C)equity
D)caring

Question 27

In middle adolescence, the main source of support is perceived to come from:

A)parents
B)teachers
C)siblings
D)friends

Question 28

The National Youth Survey data paint a depressing picture of the developmental precursors of violent crime. Which of the following is NOT suggested by the data from this survey?

A)Children begin with minor aggressive acts in the early school years and progress to serious offending by the age of 17.
B)The beginning of substance use and sexual activity add incrementally to the risk of aggressive behaviour during adolescence.
C)Minor forms of delinquent behaviour and alcohol use typically precede more serious forms of violence.
D)Self-reported aggressive behaviour increases between the ages of 18 and 25.

Question 29

Of the following, who has argued that men and women focus on different dimensions of moral dilemmas?

A)Gilliberg
B)Kohlberg
C)Gilligan
D)Shweder

Question 30

Andrews, Brown and Creasey(1990) investigated the role of parenting in links between mental disorders in mothers and daughters. Which of the following statements concerning their study is NOT correct?

A)The mothers in the study were classified as middle class
B)Both mothers and daughters were interviewed.
C)One depressive episode(of less than one year) in mothers was not sufficient to increase the incidence of disorders in their daughters.
D)Early family experience was an important predictor of daughters' mental health.