Deck 10: Data Collection and Data Entry

Question 1

The decision for selecting the data collection methods in a research study is based on:

A) Jurisdictional requirements.
B) Objective standards established in the 1950s.
C) Minimizing error and maximizing response rate.
D) The inferences that will be made.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

In doing a mail survey, what is an important respondent characteristic?

A) Requires immediate incentives.
B) Is age 18 or older.
C) Motivated to respond thoroughly with attention to detail.
D) Is able to accommodate disabilities such as hearing and concentration as well as some physical disabilities.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

In doing a mail survey, which is a standard for the presentation of items or questions?

A) The researcher can use prompts and clarification.
B) Less attention to formatting, design, and quality of paper.
C) Appropriate for closed, partially closed, and open-ended questions.
D) Closed-ended questions that are simple and require no explanation.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

In doing a mail survey, which is considered to be a resource requirement?

A) Accurate and complete mailing list.
B) Any level of literacy, for both youths and adults.
C) Reliable transportation.
D) Design requires specialized knowledge and time spent in development.

Question 5

In doing a telephone survey, what is a desired respondent characteristic?

A) Any level of literacy, for both youths and adults.
B) Motivated to respond thoroughly with attention to detail.
C) Most feasible with small sample size.
D) Inability to provide advance incentives to increase motivation.

Question 6

In doing a telephone survey, which is a standard for the presentation of questions?

A) Attention to formatting and wording required.
B) Accurate and complete mailing list.
C) The researcher can use prompts and clarification.
D) Allows the greatest control over who answers the questions.

Question 7

In doing a telephone survey, which is considered to be a resource requirement?

A) Training for data collectors.
B) Cost of printing the questionnaire.
C) Design of the survey.
D) Specialized knowledge and time spent in development.

Question 8

In doing an in-person survey, what is a desired respondent characteristic?

A) Motivated to respond thoroughly with attention to detail.
B) Accommodates disabilities such as hearing and concentration as well as some physical.
C) Best suited to professionals in businesses.
D) Appropriate when literacy and motivation are questionable.

Question 9

Which of the following accurately describes an in-person survey?

A) Can be administered electronically.
B) Appropriate for closed, partially closed, and open-ended questions.
C) Less attention to formatting, design, and quality of paper.
D) Length of the survey will be dependent on the characteristics of the population surveyed.

Question 10

In doing an in-person survey, which is considered to be a resource requirement?

A) Transportation.
B) Telephone costs, if long distance calling is involved.
C) Accurate and complete mailing list.
D) Pre-tested on a similar population.

Question 11

A nonresponse error occurs when subjects:

A) Make a factual error in their response to a questionnaire, telephone survey, in-person interview, or an Internet survey.
B) Are forced or required to respond to a survey and randomly input answers rather than giving truthful answers.
C) Do not respond and share a commonality among themselves that is different from subjects who do respond.
D) Actually respond, but the researcher makes a typographical error inputting the data OR fails to include data that was meant to be included within the data set.

Question 12

The best method for assessing a nonresponse error is to examine:

A) The proportion of responses to the number of contacts.
B) That the researcher has at least 80% of the sample responding.
C) The inferential statistic being employed and linking the sample size to the statistical assumption.
D) How well the sample reflects the total population.

Question 13

In addition to reporting the response rate, researchers should compare respondents with nonrespondents on:

A) The timing of sample collection.
B) Variables that impact the dependent variable.
C) Ratio of total respondents and the number of items on the questionnaire.
D) The percentage of random versus the percentage of nonrandom subjects.

Question 14

Which represents the calculation for the response rate?

A) Completed responses divided by the sampling frame minus nonresponse units and multiplied by 100.
B)
C) 100% divided by the response rate times the population (or sampling frame).
D) All of them would provide the same answer.

Question 15

By nonresponse units, we are referring to subjects who:

A) Refused to answer questions.
B) Do not exist.
C) Are part of a group that could not respond.
D) Are independent variables that will be excluded from the analysis.

Question 16

Nonrespondents who are legitimately counted in the calculation of nonresponse include subjects who:

A) Refuse to participate.
B) Lack the intellectual ability to understand the research.
C) Are part of the over-sampling pool.
D) All of the above.

Question 17

The principle of reciprocity implies that we:

A) Establish causal relationships beginning with at least an r > .8.
B) Maintain the theoretical concepts within exchange theory.
C) Have a balance between experimental control and experimental alternatives.
D) Should try to repay in some form what another person has provided to us.

Question 18

The principle of social proof implies that we

A) Need to maintain and support Christian values and ethics.
B) Do not need statistics to demonstrate factual accuracy.
C) Determine what is correct by finding out what others think is correct.
D) Need to see the proof concretely rather than abstractly.

Question 19

People prefer to comply with the requests of individuals who:

A) Are known and liked.
B) Are feared.
C) Are authoritarian.
D) Are intellectual.

Question 20

There is strong pressure in our society to comply with the requests of people

A) Who are unassuming.
B) In positions of authority.
C) Who are unpretentious.
D) In white lab coats.

Question 21

People assign more value to an opportunity when it is considered:

A) Narcissistic.
B) Oblique.
C) Rare.
D) Opaque.

Question 22

The two key objectives of any recruitment strategy are:

A) To assure validity and reliability to the research subjects.
B) To establish acceptable levels of experimental control and monitor these controls.
C) To remove any obstacles to participation and increase motivation.
D) To assess the sampling frame and make sure it is possible to acquire 20% greater than the minimum recommended number of research participants.

Question 23

Which is part of the systems framework for tailoring a recruitment strategy?

A) Goal clarity.
B) Use of contract.
C) Meeting place.
D) All of the above.

Question 24

List five guidelines to consider for when to use a mail survey.

Question 25

List five guidelines to consider for when to use a telephone survey.

Question 26

List five guidelines to consider for when to use an in-person survey.

Question 27

List five guidelines to consider for when to use an Internet survey

Question 28

Discuss the impact of nonresponse in survey research and two methods to minimize nonresponse.

Question 29

Discuss the characteristics of Cialdini's six recruitment strategies.

Question 30

Using the systems framework for tailoring recruitment strategies, what are the first four levels to consider in recruiting research subjects?

Question 31

Discuss the role of gatekeepers in research.

Question 32

List four strategies for minimizing a research budget.