Deck 14: Analyzing Numerical Data

Question 1

A ______ is anything that varies.

A) statistic
B) constant
C) variable
D) measurement

Answer 1

C

Question 2

A ______ is something that does not vary.

A) statistic
B) constant
C) variable
D) measurement

Answer 2

B

Question 3

______ variables differ in kind but have no order or magnitude underlying their differences.

A) Categorical
B) Ordinal
C) Interval
D) Ratio

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Academic majors such as psychology are ______ variables.

A) categorical
B) ordinal
C) interval
D) ratio

Question 5

______ measurement levels are for when the numbers ascribed to our classification possess order.

A) Categorical
B) Ordinal
C) Interval
D) Ratio

Question 6

College professors are classified by rank with clear academic hierarchy between the levels. Which level of measurement is this?

A) categorical
B) ordinal
C) interval
D) ratio

Question 7

______ a measure with no true zero point that has rank-ordered ordered attributes with a meaningful distance between them.

A) Categorical
B) Ordinal
C) Interval
D) Ratio

Question 8

Temperature is an example of ______ measure due to the equal distance between each level.

A) categorical
B) ordinal
C) interval-level
D) ratio-level

Question 9

______ is a measure with an absolute and meaningful zero point and rank-ordered categories of values with meaningful intervals of difference between them.

A) Categorical
B) Ordinal
C) Interval-level
D) Ratio-level

Question 10

Inches are an example of ______ because there is a meaningful zero point and intervals and ratio differences are consistent.

A) categorical
B) ordinal
C) interval-level
D) ratio-level

Question 11

______ is a technique that's used to address what occurs when certain assumptions that are required by probability theory are violated.

A) Probability technique
B) Bonferroni technique
C) "Monte Carlo" computer simulation
D) Jackknifing

Question 12

The ______ is the "typical" datum for each variable.

A) measure of central tendency
B) level of measurement
C) datum rate
D) datum range

Question 13

The most frequently occurring category is the ______.

A) mode
B) mean
C) median
D) range

Question 14

If most of the students in your class are 21 than the ______ age of your class is 21.

A) mode
B) mean
C) median
D) range

Question 15

The ______ is the centermost score in a distribution of scores, the score that splits a distribution of scores in half such that 50% of the scores lie above it and 50% lie below it.

A) mode
B) mean
C) median
D) range

Question 16

Alice is in a reading group with other fourth graders. Fifty percent of the people in the reading group read at a third grade level and fifty percent are reading at a fifth grade level. What level is the median?

A) third grade
B) fourth grade
C) fifth grade
D) range

Question 17

The average age of an assistant professor at the local college is 43. This is the ______ age of faculty.

A) mode
B) mean
C) median
D) range

Question 18

A ______ distribution is any distribution in which the two sides are essentially mirror images.

A) standard
B) symmetrical
C) skewed
D) variance

Question 19

______ refers to an asymmetrical distribution.

A) Standard deviation
B) Tail
C) Skewed
D) Variance

Question 20

______ is a measure of dispersion, expressed in the standard units, that indicates the average distance that any given score in a distribution of scores will be from the mean score in that distribution.

A) Range
B) Mean
C) Mode
D) Standard deviation

Question 21

______ allows us to assess whether two categorical variables are associated more strongly than would be expected based on chance variation alone.

A) Chi-square
B) Cross-tabulations
C) Scatterplot
D) Bonferroni technique

Question 22

______ involves splitting the adopted probability required for significance across the entire range of comparisons to be made.

A) Chi-square
B) Cross-tabulations
C) Scatterplot
D) Bonferroni technique

Question 23

The simplest way to measure an object is simply to categorize it.

Question 24

Levels of measurements do not impact the range of mathematical operations you can legitimately perform on your data.

Question 25

The mode identifies the score or scores that are "atypical" in the sense that they represent "the least frequently occurring category."

Question 26

Extreme scores are also known as outliers.

Question 27

Scatterplot diagrams are a useful way to see what kinds of relationships might exist between your variables.

Question 28

Percentages are theoretical.

Question 29

Deviations computed in terms of standard deviation units "S-scores."

Question 30

Compare and contrast the different levels of measurement and give an example of each measurement level.

Question 31

Compare and contrast descriptive and inferential statistics and discuss how to decide which is approach to use.

Question 32

Summarize the examination of relationships among continuous variables and discuss the statistical techniques used to analyze them.

Question 33

Summarize the examination of differences between categories and discuss the statistical techniques used to analyze them.

Question 34

Summarize how to handle error rates when undertaking multiple analyses and discuss the common techniques.

Question 35

Consider your role as a student at your university. Identify one issue that you think students are concerned about (e.g., parking). Prepare a brief questionnaire to use to survey students regarding this issue. There should be at least one question per each level of measurement. Create a hypothetical frequency distribution and compute descriptive statistics and measures of central tendency for your data.

Question 36

Consider the idea of variables and constants and include a discussion of what variables and constants exist in a typical classroom setting.