Deck 7: Aqueous Solutions: Part Ii

Question 1

What is Pseudomonas aeruginosa?

A)A bacteria found in air and warm water
B)An antibiotic-resistant bacteria
C)A gut bacteria in humans and other mammals
D)A benign bacteria

Answer 1

B

Question 2

What helps produce drug-resistant bacteria?

A)Exposure to warm growth conditions in hospitals
B)Lack of antibiotics
C)Exposure to antibiotics
D)Exposure to antibiotics that do not kill off all infectious bacteria during an exposure

Answer 2

D

Question 3

What is another, older name for 1,2-ethanediol?

A)Glyocol
B)Ethylene
C)Ethanol
D)Ethylene glycol

Answer 3

D

Question 4

What percentage of the approximately 25 million known compounds contain carbon?

A)Over 25%
B)50%
C)Over 90%
D)100%

Question 5

What is the name of one compound with the molecular formula C₄H₁₀?

A)Butane
B)Propane
C)Ethane
D)Methane

Question 6

What is an organic compound?

A)A compound composed primarily of carbon and oxygen atoms
B)A compound composed primarily of carbon and nitrogen atoms
C)A compound composed primarily of hydrogen and oxygen atoms
D)A compound composed primarily of carbon and hydrogen atoms

Question 7

A covalent bond is an example of what kind of force?

A)An intermolecular force
B)An interatomic force
C)An intramolecular force
D)An intra-atomic force

Question 8

Intermolecular forces are able to affect what physical properties of matter?

A)Condensation point
B)Freezing point
C)Both of the above
D)Neither of the above

Question 9

Why are alkanes commonly used as solvents?

A)They are fairly non-reactive.
B)They are light sensitive.
C)They are non-toxic.
D)They are easily disposed of.

Question 10

What is the correct Lewis structure for pentane?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 11

Which of the following is the correct Lewis structure for ethane?

A)
B)
C)
D)None of the above.

Question 12

Of the following, which best represents octane?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 13

The correct condensed structural formula for propane is CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₃.

Question 14

How can a dipole in a molecule be induced?

A)Through interaction with a temporary dipole in a neighboring molecule
B)Through cooling the system
C)By adjusting the size of the electron cloud
D)A dipole cannot be induced.

Question 15

Which is the strongest intermolecular force?

A)Dispersion forces
B)Van der Waals forces
C)London forces
D)None of the above; they are all the same.

Question 16

Dipole-dipole forces are found in what type of matter?

A)In compounds that are nonpolar and have a permanent dipole
B)In compounds that are polar and have a permanent dipole
C)In compounds that are polar and do not have a permanent dipole
D)In compounds that are nonpolar and that have no permanent dipole

Question 17

What is the reason ethylene glycol has a higher boiling point than ethanol?

A)It has a higher molecular mass.
B)It contains more carbon atoms.
C)It has more sites at which to hydrogen bond.
D)It has more dispersion forces.

Question 18

What do all alkenes have in common?

A)At least one double bond
B)At least one triple bond
C)At least one carbon-carbon bond
D)Carbon-hydrogen bonds

Question 19

In an alkene with four or more carbon atoms in a row, the double bond can possibly be positioned in more than one location. This is an example of what?

A)Telemores
B)Isomers
C)Ionomers
D)None of the above.

Question 20

Which is the correct structure for propene?

A)
B)
C)
D)Both A and C, above.

Question 21

What is the condensed structural formula for 2-hexane?

A)CH₃CH₂CH=CHCH₂CH₃
B)CH₂=CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃
C)CH₃CH=CHCH₂CH₂CH₃
D)CH₃CH=CHCH=CH₂CH₃

Question 22

What is the name and condensed structural formula of the simplest alkene?

A)Ethene, CH₂=CH₂
B)Ethane, CH₂=CH₂
C)Ethene, CH₃CH₃
D)Ethane, CH₃CH₃

Question 23

What is the proper Lewis line structure for 3-hexene?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 24

What is the correct line structure for 3-octene?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 25

Compounds with a triple bond, alkynes, all share a general molecular formula. What is it?

A)C_nH_2n-4
B)C_nH_2n+2
C)C_nH_2n
D)C_nH_2n-2

Question 26

What is the correct condensed structural formula for 1-hexyne?

A)CHCCHCHCHCH₃
B)CH₃CH₂CCCH₂CH₃
C)CH₂CHCH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃
D)CHCCH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃

Question 27

Which is the best depiction of the Lewis line structure of 2-hexyne?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 28

What is the correct line structure of 1-butyne?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 29

How many times less soluble in water is oxygen than hydrogen?

A)Four times
B)Two times
C)Their solubility is about the same.
D)None of the above; oxygen is actually more soluble than hydrogen in water.

Question 30

How many isomers can be made from the molecular formula C₄H₁₀?

A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4

Question 31

What is the first rule of naming branched isomers?

A)Count the number of methyl branches
B)Find the longest branch
C)Find the number of branches
D)Find the longest continuous carbon chain

Question 32

What is the name of the following?

A)2-ethylpentane
B)3-methylhexane
C)2-propylbutane
D)2-methyhexane

Question 33

The following compound goes by what name?

A)4-ethyloctane
B)5-ethyloctane
C)3-propylheptane
D)4-propylheptane

Question 34

What is the name of the molecule represented by the condensed structural formula: CH₃CH₂CHCH₃CH₃?

A)1-methylbutane
B)2-methylbutane
C)3-methylbutane
D)Dimethylpropane

Question 35

The molecule 3-methyloctane is represented by what condensed structural formula?

A)CH₃CH₂CHCH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃
B)CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃
C)CH₃CH₂CH₂CHCH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃
D)CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃

Question 36

What is the correct line drawing for 3-ethyloctane?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 37

What is the proper name of this compound?

A)2,2-ethylbutane
B)2,2-dimethylpentane
C)2,2-dimethylbutane
D)3,3-methylbutane

Question 38

What is the correct line structure of 2,2,3,3,-tetramethylbutane, also known as isooctane?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 39

What is separated in the process of dissolution?

A)Water molecules
B)Ionic solids in water
C)Ions and water
D)Solvent molecules

Question 40

What forces must be overcome for an ionic material to dissolve in water?

A)Water's hydrogen bonding
B)Induced dipole attractions
C)Dispersion forces
D)Ionic electrostatic attractions

Question 41

Cyclic alkanes have what general formula?

A)C_nH_n
B)C_nH_2n
C)C_nH_2n-2
D)C_nH_2n+2

Question 42

Cylohexane has what molecular formula?

A)C₆H₁₄
B)C₆H₁₂
C)C₆H₁₆
D)C₆H₁₃

Question 43

What is the proper molecular formula for cyclooctane, an organic solvent?

A)C₈H₁₈
B)C₈H₁₆
C)C₈H₂₀
D)C₈H₁₄

Question 44

What is the name of the following compound?

A)Cyclopentane
B)Cyclobutane
C)Cyclohexane
D)Cyclooctane

Question 45

What is the proper line structure for cyclooctane?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 46

Alternating double and single bonds in a six-membered carbon ring make a special kind of cyclo-compound. What is its name?

A)Cyclohexane
B)Cyclobenzene
C)Benzene
D)Benzylcyclane

Question 47

From what does the term "aromatic" derive, when discussing organic compounds?

A)Early organic compounds that were fragrant were all grouped together and called aromatic.
B)Early inorganic compounds that were fragrant were all grouped together and called aromatic.
C)Early organic compounds that had a stench were all grouped together and called aromatic.
D)Early inorganic compounds that had a stench were all grouped together and called aromatic.

Question 48

What is the name of a cyclohexane molecule when one of the carbon atoms in the ring also has a -CH₃ attached to it?

A)Cycloheptane
B)Methylcyclohexane
C)Methylcycloheptane
D)Cyclohexane

Question 49

What is the molecular formula for phenol?

A)C₅H₆O
B)C₆H₆O
C)C₆H₅O
D)C₆H₆O₂

Question 50

Temperature of a system seldom influences the rate at which a solute dissolves.

Question 51

What factors affect the rate of dissolution of a solute in water?

A)The amount of solute already in solution
B)Surface area of the solute
C)Temperature of the solvent
D)All of the above

Question 52

What do all ethers have in common?

A)An oxygen atom connected to two different carbon atoms by single bonds
B)An oxygen atom connected to two different carbon atoms by single or double bonds
C)An oxygen atom connected to one or two different carbon atoms by single bonds
D)An oxygen atom connected to one or two different carbon atoms by single or double bonds

Question 53

What is the correct condensed structural formula for methoxyethane?

A)CH₃CH₂OCH₂CH₃
B)CH₃OCH₂CH₃
C)CH₃OCH₃
D)CH₃OCH₂CH₂CH₃

Question 54

What is the name of the following compound?

A)Ethoxymethane
B)Methoxymethane
C)Methoxyethane
D)Ethoxyethane

Question 55

Which of the following is ethoxyethane, also known as diethyl ether?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 56

What is the name of the following compound?

A)3-pentanone
B)3-butanone
C)2-pentanone
D)2-butanone

Question 57

Which of the following is 2-hexanone?

A)
B)
C)
D)None of the above

Question 58

How do the boiling points of ketones relate to those of comparable ethers?

A)They are roughly the same.
B)They are generally lower.
C)They are generally higher.
D)There is no direct relationship.

Question 59

How does the ester functional group differ from the ketone group?

A)Ketones have a second oxygen, doubly bonded to the ester carbon and another carbon.
B)Esters have a second oxygen, doubly bonded to the keto carbon and another carbon.
C)Ketones have a second oxygen, singly bonded to the ester carbon and another carbon.
D)Esters have a second oxygen, singly bonded to the keto carbon and another carbon.

Question 60

What is the name of the following compound?

A)Ethylethanoate
B)Methylethanoate
C)Ethylmethanoate
D)Methylmethanoate

Question 61

Which is the correct structure for ethylethanoate?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 62

The term "vapor" means a solute or solvent in a gas phase.

Question 63

What is the molecular cause of vapor pressure?

A)Gas particles colliding with the container wall
B)Gas or liquid particles colliding with the container wall
C)The temperature of the container in which a material is housed
D)The temperature of the material in a closed system

Question 64

What does the term "primary amine" denote?

A)An organic compound in which a nitrogen atom is bonded to one hydrogen atom and two carbon atoms
B)An organic compound in which a nitrogen atom is bonded to one carbon atom and two hydrogen atoms
C)An organic compound in which a nitrogen atom is bonded to one hetero atom and two hydrogen atoms
D)An organic compound in which a nitrogen atom is bonded to one hydrogen atom and two hetero atoms

Question 65

Which is the correct line structure for butylamine?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 66

Which of the following is a secondary amine?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 67

Which of the following is not a primary amine?

A)CH₃CH₂CH₂NH₂
B)CH₃NHCH₂CH₃
C)CH₃CH₂NH₂
D)NH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃

Question 68

What is the name of the following?

A)Butylethylamine
B)Propylethylamine
C)Butylpropylamine
D)Propylpropylamine

Question 69

What is the name for the following compound: CH₃CH₂NHCH₂CH₂CH₃?

A)Ethylpropylamine
B)Propylethylamine
C)Ethylbutylamine
D)Propylbutylamine

Question 70

How is the boiling point of a solution different than that of a pure solvent or pure liquid?

A)It is lower.
B)It is higher.
C)It remains unchanged.
D)It is changed only if the solute is an ionic material.

Question 71

What variable is used in computing molality that is not used in computing molarity?

A)Liters of solution
B)Kilograms of solution
C)Moles of solute
D)None of the above

Question 72

If a student knows the mass of a solute and the volume of the solvent, what else must be known to compute the molality of the solution?

A)The density of the solvent
B)The temperature of the solvent
C)The volume of the solute
D)The size of the container

Question 73

What do all alcohols and alcohol congeners have in common?

A)The C-O-C functional group
B)The =O functional group
C)The -OH functional group
D)Nothing; there are too many to have one common functional group.

Question 74

What is the structural formula for 1-butanol?

A)CH₂CH₃CH₂CH₂OH
B)CH₃CH₃OH
C)CH₃CH₂CH₂OH
D)CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂OH

Question 75

What is the name of the following compound?

A)2-butanol
B)3-butanol
C)2-pentanol
D)1-pentanol

Question 76

What is the name of the following compound?

A)1-Butanol
B)Cyclobutanol
C)2-Butanol
D)2-Cyclobutanol

Question 77

What does the functional group R-OH indicate?

A)An ether
B)An ester
C)An alcohol
D)An amine

Question 78

What do all aldehydes have in common?

A)The functional group R-(C=O)H
B)The functional group R-OH
C)The functional group R-NH₂
D)The functional group R-O-R

Question 79

What is the correct line structure for butanal?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 80

Why are hangovers more severe when they are induced by alcoholic beverages with high alcohol-congener levels?

A)The congeners are water-soluble, and thus remain in the body a shorter period of time.
B)The congeners are fat-soluble, and thus remain in the body a shorter period of time.
C)The congeners are water-soluble, and thus remain in the body longer.
D)The congeners are fat-soluble, and thus remain in the body longer.