Deck 2: Introduction to Information, Information Science, and Information Systems

Question 1

How do you acquire information? Choose 2 hours out of your busy day and try to notice all of the information that you receive from your environment. Keep diaries indicating where the information came from and how you knew it was information and not data.

Answer 1

No Answer

Question 2

Reflect on an IS with which you are familiar, such as the automatic banking machine. How does this IS function? What are the advantages of using this system (i.e., why not use a bank teller instead)? What are the disadvantages? Are there enhancements that you would add to this system?

Answer 2

No Answer

Question 3

In health care, think about a typical day of practice and describe the setting. How many times does the nurse interact with ISs? What are the ISs that we interact with, and how do we access them? Are they at the bedside, handheld, or station based? How do their location and ease of access impact nursing care?

Answer 3

No Answer

Question 4

Briefly describe an organization and discuss how our need for information and knowledge impacts the configuration and interaction of that organization with other organizations. Also discuss how the need for information and knowledge influences the nature of work or how knowledge workers interact with and produce information and knowledge in this organization.

Question 5

If you could meet only four of the rights discussed in this chapter, which one would you omit and why? Also, provide your rationale for each right you chose to meet.

Question 6

What are data?

A) Raw facts
B) Processed information
C) Inputted items that produce information
D) None of these is correct.

Question 7

Which of the following characteristics make information valuable and meaningful?

A) Accessible and accurate
B) Timely and complete
C) Reliable and relevant
D) All of these are correct.

Question 8

Data are dirty when there are errors such as:

A) single entries.
B) incomplete or outdated records.
C) defined parameters.
D) None of these is correct.

Question 9

Reliable information comes from:

A) reliable or clean data.
B) authoritative sources.
C) credible sources.
D) All of these are correct.

Question 10

_______ allows users to apply their intellect to accomplish their tasks while the tools housing the information disappear from conscious thought.

A) Utility
B) Reproducibility
C) Transparency
D) Verifiability

Question 11

Information science is the science of information, studying the application and usage of information and knowledge in organizations and the interfacings or interaction between people, organizations, and information systems.

Question 12

The knowledge used to develop and glean knowledge from valuable information is generative (having the ability to originate and produce or generate) in nature.

Question 13

Information science and computational tools are of little value in enabling the processing of data, information, and knowledge in health care.

Question 14

According to Jessup and Valacich (2008), computer-based information systems can be defined as combinations of hardware, software, and telecommunications networks that people build and use to collect, create, and distribute useful data, typically in organizational settings.

Question 15

Information is processed data that has meaning.

Question 16

Data are raw facts.

Question 17

Nurses are knowledge workers.

Question 18

All of the following are types of data: alphabetic, numeric, audio, X-ray image, and video.

Question 19

Knowledge workers are those who work with information and generate computer programs to help with knowledge management.

Question 20

Characteristics of valuable, quality information include accessibility, security, timeliness, accuracy, relevancy, completeness, flexibility, reliability, objectivity, utility, transparency, verifiability, and reproducibility.

Question 21

Accurate information means at least 90% of the data contained within a database is correct.

Question 22

Utility refers to the ability to provide the right information at the right time to the right person for the right purpose.

Question 23

Information science integrates features from cognitive science, communication science, computer science, library science, and the social sciences.

Question 24

Timely information means the information is available when it is needed for the right purpose and at the right time.

Question 25

Information is acquired either by actively looking for it or by having it conveyed by the environment.

Question 26

Computer science studies the application and usage of information and knowledge in organizations and the interface or interaction between people, organizations, and information systems.

Question 27

A nurse records a patient's heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure, which represent:

A) alphanumeric data.
B) graphical data.
C) image data.
D) audio data.

Question 28

A nurse receives MRI results for a patient with cancer. Before the treatment plan can be developed, what must the nurse do with the information from the MRI?

A) The nurse must process the information into knowledge.
B) The nurse must process knowledge into information.
C) The nurse must use wisdom to process the data.
D) The nurse must use previous experiences to process the data.

Question 29

A team of knowledge workers has been recruited to develop a patient care initiative. Which team members are considered knowledge workers?

A) Registered nurses
B) Financial executives
C) Patients
D) Hospital clergy

Question 30

A nursing informatics specialist is critiquing a new electronic health record system. Which attributes would the nurse consider?

A) Accessibility
B) Superior speed of data retrieval
C) Accuracy
D) Simplicity

Question 31

A nurse reviews a patient's vital signs. Which action indicates that the nurse has processed the data?

A) The nurse recognizes an elevation in respiratory rate.
B) The nurse documents the vital signs in the electronic health record.
C) The nurse reviews the serum laboratory results.
D) The nurse updates the family member on the treatment plan.

Question 32

A nurse understands that information science technologies can risk patient confidentiality. Which action does the nurse take to reduce this risk?

A) The nurse logs out of the electronic health system after documentation is complete.
B) The nurse logs in to the electronic health system at the beginning of the shift and logs out at the end of the shift.
C) The nurse shares her login information with her coworker.
D) The nurse uses the same password for all computers.

Question 33

The public health nurse is reviewing information about the community surrounding the clinical facility. To obtain maps of the community, the nurse uses a(n):

A) geographic information system (GIS).
B) clinical information system (CIS).
C) hospital information system (HIS).
D) management information system (MIS).

Question 34

A nursing supervisor communicates with staff members through email because this information system:

A) improves productivity to process data and information.
B) improves communication and knowledge.
C) contributes to wisdom and knowledge.
D) decreases workload and improves work efficiency.

Question 35

Information science includes multiple disciplines.

Question 36

Information systems help healthcare professionals provide the highest quality of patient care.

Question 37

Information science deals with:

A) individual pieces of technology.
B) the big picture.
C) whatever details are immediately relevant.
D) All of these are correct.

Question 38

A nurse is reviewing a patient's vital signs, and the blood pressure is elevated. The elevation of blood pressure presents processed data, which is considered:

A) information.
B) knowledge.
C) wisdom.
D) common sense.

Question 39

A nurse is accessing lab results so that the plan of care can be updated. Which of the five rights does this represent?

A) Right information
B) Right setting
C) Right time
D) Right facility

Question 40

A nurse executive is collecting data on strategic business initiatives, which is part of:

A) the executive support system.
B) the management information system (MIS).
C) the transaction processing system (TPS).
D) the hospital information system (HIS).

Question 41

A nurse is documenting patient data in the electronic health record. Which data should be processed as abnormal?

A) Temperature of 99.5°F
B) Blood pressure of 160/110
C) Audible heart murmur
D) All of these are correct.

Question 42

A nurse is comparing image data on a patient from a previous shift. Which of the following will the nurse use in her comparison?

A) Heart monitor
B) Monitor alarms
C) Patient identification number
D) Patient date of birth

Question 43

A nurse reviews abnormal chest radiograph results in the patient's electronic health record. Which step indicates that the nurse has processed this information appropriately?

A) The nurse immediately reports the results to the physician.
B) The nurse calls the laboratory to confirm the results.
C) The nurse waits for the printed copy of the results before calling the physician.
D) The nurse calls the supervisor with the results.

Question 44

A nurse manager is reviewing data in the hospital information system (HIS). Through this system, the nurse manager will compare:

A) financial and clinical outcomes.
B) business and payroll systems.
C) geographic information and virtual maps.
D) patient invoices and tax information.

Question 45

Information is valuable and meaningful when it is relevant and timely.

Question 46

Information science studies the interaction between people, organizations, and information systems.