Deck 2: The Structure of Matter

Question 1

The atomic number of an element is symbolized by the letter _____.

A) A
B) X
C) Z
D) n

Answer 1

Z

Question 2

The smallest particle that has all the properties of an element is a(n)_____.

A) neutron
B) proton
C) electron
D) atom

Answer 2

atom

Question 3

The term "atom" was first used by the _____.

A) Ethiopians
B) British
C) Greeks
D) Romans

Answer 3

Greeks

Question 4

The shell number of an atom is called the _____.

A) alpha particle
B) chemical element
C) principal quantum number
D) half-life number

Question 5

Two identical atoms which exist at different energy states are called _____.

A) isotopes
B) isomers
C) isotones
D) isobars

Question 6

The first person to describe an element as being composed of identical atoms was _____.

A) J. J. Thomson
B) John Dalton
C) Dmitri Mendeleev
D) Niels Bohr

Question 7

The binding energies,or energy levels,of electrons are represented by their _____.

A) atomic numbers
B) atomic mass units
C) shells
D) isotopes

Question 8

The periodic table of the elements was developed by _____ in the late 19th century.

A) Bohr
B) Rutherford
C) Mendeleev
D) Roentgen

Question 9

A positively charged nucleus surrounded by negatively charged electrons in well-defined orbits is the _____ model of the atom.

A) Bohr
B) Thomson
C) Rutherford
D) Dalton

Question 10

Rutherford's experiments in 1911 showed that the atom was composed of _____.

A) electrons with well-defined orbits
B) a nucleus with an electron cloud
C) electrified plum pudding
D) a ball of hooks and eyes

Question 11

The chemical element is determined by the number of _____ in the atom.

A) protons
B) electrons
C) neutrons
D) nucleons

Question 12

The maximum number of electrons that can exist in an electron shell is calculated with the formula _____.

A) 2n
B) 2n2
C) 2/n
D) 2/n2

Question 13

An atom in a normal state has an electrical charge of _____.

A) one
B) zero
C) positive
D) negative

Question 14

A neutral atom has the same number of _____ and electrons.

A) quarks
B) neutrinos
C) neutrons
D) protons

Question 15

When an atom has the same number of protons as another,but a different number of neutrons,it is called an _____.

A) isomer
B) isobar
C) isotone
D) isotope

Question 16

Aluminum has an atomic number of 13. How many protons does it have?

A) 13
B) 26
C) 27
D) none of the above

Question 17

When atoms of various elements combine,they form _____.

A) isotopes
B) compounds
C) molecules
D) ions

Question 18

An atom that loses or gains one or more electrons is a(n)_____.

A) ion
B) molecule
C) isotope
D) isomer

Question 19

What are the fundamental particles of an atom?

A) quark, positron, negatron
B) nucleon, electron, proton
C) proton, neutron, quark
D) proton, electron, neutron

Question 20

The innermost electron shell is symbolized by the letter _____.

A) J
B) K
C) L
D) M

Question 21

The only difference between x-rays and gamma rays is their _____.

A) energy
B) size
C) origin
D) name

Question 22

A chemical compound is any quantity of _____.

A) one type of atom
B) one type of molecule
C) two types of molecules
D) two or more types of atoms

Question 23

The _____ is the least penetrating form of ionizing radiation.

A) beta particle
B) x-ray
C) gamma ray
D) alpha particle

Question 24

During beta emission,an atom releases _____.

A) electrons
B) positrons
C) protons
D) neutrons

Question 25

The atomic number of molybdenum is 42 and the atomic mass number is 98. How many neutrons does it have?

A) 42
B) 98
C) 21
D) 56