Deck 1: Entry Level Linux Essentials Certificate of Achievement

Question 1

Which of the following is a Linux based operating system for use on mobile devices?

A) iOS
B) CentOS
C) Android
D) Debian

Answer 1

Android

Question 2

Which of the following Linux distributions use the dpkg package management system?

A) Suse
B) Red Hat
C) Debian
D) Ubuntu
E) Mandriva

Answer 2

Debian
Ubuntu

Question 3

Which of the following programs is not a graphical web browser?

A) Konqueror
B) Firefox
C) Links
D) Opera
E) Chrome

Answer 3

Links

Question 4

While deleting all files beginning with the letter a there was still the file Access.txt left. Assuming that it had the correct ownership, why was it not deleted?

A) Files with extensions need a different treatment.
B) rm had to be called with the option -R to delete all files.
C) The file Access.txt was probably opened by another application.
D) The file Access.txt was hidden.
E) Linux file names are case sensitive.

Question 5

Which option will cause the echo command NOT to output a trailing newline?

A) -e
B) -p
C) -n
D) -s

Question 6

Which one of the following is true about Open Source software?

A) Open Source software can not be copied for free.
B) Open Source software is available for commercial use.
C) The freedom to redistribute copies must include binary or executable forms of the software but not the  source code.
D) Open Source software is not for sale.

Question 7

Which of the following commands can be used to create a file?

A) touch
B) build
C) nico
D) create
E) mkfile

Question 8

Which of the following can be used to access the command line?

A) BIOS
B) Terminal
C) XWindow
D) Firefox
E) Xargs

Question 9

Which one of the following statements concerning Linux passwords is true?

A) All passwords can be decrypted using the system administrator's master password.
B) Passwords may never start with a non-letter.
C) Users cannot change their password once it has been set.
D) Passwords are only stored in encrypted form.
E) Passwords may be at most six characters long.

Question 10

What is the first character for file or directory names if they should not be displayed by commands such as ls unless specifically requested?

A) \ (backslash)
B) . (dot)
C) - (minus)
D) _ (underscore)

Question 11

Which of the following response are true for cloud computing?

A) Cloud Computing provides new tools to manage IT resources.
B) From the business perspective, Cloud Computing means outsourcing or centralization of IT operations.
C) Cloud Computing is the opposite of green IT; i.e. the use of fossil, non-regenerative energy for computing.
D) Cloud Computing implies sharing all information with everyone else in 'the cloud'.

Question 12

Which commands provide help for a specific Linux command?

A) info
B) man
C) helpme
D) ask
E) whatdoes

Question 13

Which of the following commands will display a list of all files in the current directory, including those that may be hidden?

A) ls -a
B) ls --hidden
C) ls -h

Question 14

Which of the following commands moves the directory ~/summer-vacation and its content to ~/vacation/2011?

A) mv ~/vacation/2011 ~/summer-vacation
B) move -R ~/summer-vacation ~/vacation/2011
C) mv /home/summer-vacation /home/vacation/2011
D) mv ~/summer-vacation ~/vacation/2011
E) mv -R ~/summer-vacation ~/vacation/2011

Question 15

Which of the following software packages is an e-mail server?

A) Postfix
B) Thunderbird
C) Apache
D) GIMP
E) MySQL

Question 16

What is the preferred source for the installation of new applications?

A) The vendor's version management system
B) A CD-ROM disk
C) The distribution's package repository
D) The vendor's website
E) A retail store

Question 17

Which of the following commands increases the number of elements in a directory?

A) touch newfile
B) create newfile
C) ls newfile
D) rmdir newdirectory
E) mkdir newdirectory

Question 18

What does LAMP mean?

A) The Linux Advanced Mode Programming Interface which gives advanced capabilities to application developers.
B) The bus ID of an attached USB device that emits light.
C) Short for Lightweight Access Management Protocol which synchronizes permissions in a network.
D) The combination of Linux, Apache, MySQL and PHP or other programming languages.
E) Short for lamport-clock which is important in distributed network computing.

Question 19

Which Linux distribution is used as a basis for the creation of Ubuntu Linux?

A) Red Hat Linux
B) Arch Linux
C) SUSE Linux
D) Gentoo Linux
E) Debian Linux

Question 20

Which one of the following statements concerning the General Public License (GPL) is true?

A) The GPL is designed to ensure that the source code of a software remains freely available.
B) The GPL is identical to the BSD license.
C) GPL software may never be sold for money.
D) If you change a program you received under the GPL, you must send your changes to the original author for approval.
E) GPL software may not be used to run nuclear reactors or air traffic control systems.

Question 21

Identify the proper device for the third partition, on the second hard disk, on the first IDE controller on a PC system.

A) /dev/hdb3
B) /dev/hd1b3
C) /dev/hdc1d2p3
D) dev/hdc1a3
E) dev/hdc1b3

Question 22

Which of the following commands can be used to extract files from an archive?

A) tar -vf
B) tar -xvf
C) tar -evf
D) tar -e
E) tar -v

Question 23

Which of the following commands can be used to view a file and do search operations within it while viewing the contents?

A) less
B) find
C) grep
D) report
E) see

Question 24

Which of the following hardware devices links a number of computers together to form an Ethernet LAN?

A) Server
B) Switch
C) Connector
D) Access point
E) Terminal

Question 25

Which statements about the directory /etc/skel are correct?

A) The personal settings of root are in this directory.
B) The files from the directory are copied to the home directory of the new user when starting the system.
C) The files from the directory are copied to the home directory of a new user when the account is created.
D) The directory contains a default set of configuration files used by the useradd command.
E) The directory contains the global settings for the Linux system.

Question 26

Why is the file data.txt empty after executing sort data.txt > data.txt?

A) Because, if data.txt is empty now, it must have been empty before.
B) Because sort cannot sort text files, only binary files.
C) Because sort detects that both files are the same.
D) Because the file gets truncated before sort is executed.

Question 27

Which function does a shell program serve?

A) It provides a graphical environment.
B) It is responsible for establishing a connection to another computer.
C) It receives user commands and executes them.
D) It is responsible for logging a user into the system.

Question 28

Which of the following commands can be used to determine the time of the last login of a given user?

A) showlog
B) recent
C) last
D) history
E) login

Question 29

After installing a new package, in which directory are you most likely find its configuration file?

A) /lib
B) /conf
C) /etc
D) /usr
E) /opt

Question 30

How is it possible to determine if an executable file is a shell script which is read by Bash?

A) The r bit is set.
B) The file must end with .sh.
C) The first line starts with #!/bin/bash.
D) /bin/bash has to be run in debug mode.
E) Scripts are never executable files.

Question 31

Which command will display running process information in real time?

A) top
B) show current
C) ps current
D) process

Question 32

Which of the following commands is used to look up the current IP address of a system?

A) less /proc/net/ipconfig
B) ifconfig
C) showip
D) ipconfig
E) sysinfo | grep ipaddress

Question 33

Which of the following statements may be used to access the second command line argument to a script?

A) "$ARG2"
B) $1
C) "$2"
D) "$1"
E) '$2'

Question 34

Which of the following directories is often used to store log files?

A) /home
B) /var
C) /temp
D) /dev
E) /usr

Question 35

Which network interface always exists in a Linux system?

A) lo
B) sit0
C) wlan0
D) vlan0
E) eth0

Question 36

Where is the BIOS located?

A) RAM
B) Hard drive
C) Motherboard
D) LCD monitor

Question 37

How can the normal output of a command be written to a file while discarding the error output?

A) command >2>file 1&>/dev/null
B) command < output > /dev/null
C) command > discard-error > file
D) command > /dev/null 2&>1 output
E) command >file 2>/dev/null

Question 38

Which of the following commands can be used to extract content from a tar file?

A) tar -xvf
B) tar -vf
C) tar -e
D) tar -c
E) tar -v

Question 39

Which of the following commands will output all of the lines that contain either the string Fred or fred?

A) grep -v fred data_file
B) grep '[f]red' data_file
C) egrep fred data_file
D) grep '[Ff]red' data_file
E) grep -i fred data_file

Question 40

What is the number called that is used to identify a process?

A) Proc Num
B) PIN
C) Process Entry
D) PID

Question 41

SIMULATION When typing a long command line at the shell, what single character can be used to split a command across multiple lines?

Question 42

Which command line can be used to search help files that mention the word "copy"?

A) man -k copy
B) whatis copy
C) man copy
D) copy help
E) copy -help

Question 43

Given the following directory permissions:     
drwxrwxrwt 14 root root 36864 2012-03-02 11:17 /tmp
What does the letter t at the end of drwxrwxrwt indicate?

A) It is the sticky bit that causes all commands in this directory to be launched as root.
B) It means that even though the directory is globally writable only the owner can delete their own files.
C) It makes the directory accessible for everybody.
D) It indicates that this directory contains only temporary files that may be deleted.
E) It is a temporary bit that prevents launching commands in this directory.

Question 44

Which of the following will change the group that is associated with a file?

A) chmod
B) chmod -w
C) chown
D) ls -g

Question 45

Which of the following applications are used to play an MP3 file on a Linux system?

A) Xara Xtreme
B) Banshee
C) LibreOffice Player
D) Amarok
E) Audacious

Question 46

Which of the following are correct commands for changing the current directory to the user's home?

A) cd /home
B) cd ~
C) cd ..
D) cd
E) cd /

Question 47

What are the three sets of permissions for a file?

A) user, group, others
B) administrator, group, others
C) user, standard user, others
D) administrator, standard user, others

Question 48

When a new user is added, where does the user ID get stored?

A) /etc/ users
B) /etc/realm
C) /etc/pass
D) /etc/shpasswd
E) /etc/passwd

Question 49

The following line is found in which system file?     root:x:0:0::/root:/bin/bash

A) /etc/ user.conf
B) /etc/shadow
C) /etc/passwd
D) /usr/bin/shadow
E) /etc/password

Question 50

Which command shows if /usr/bin is in the current shell search path?

A) cat PATH
B) echo $PATH
C) echo %PATH
D) cat $PATH
E) echo %PATH%

Question 51

How could one search for the file foo.txt under the directory /home?

A) search /home -file foo.txt
B) search /home foo.txt
C) find /home -file foo.txt
D) find /home -name foo.txt
E) find /home foo.txt

Question 52

Which command is used to make a shell variable known to subsequently executed programs?

A) export
B) announce
C) env
D) transfer
E) mv

Question 53

Which is a suitable command to find the next appearance of the word hidden in a man page being viewed from the command line?

A) find hidden
B) /? hidden
C) CTRL-F hidden
D) /hidden

Question 54

Which command lists all files in the current directory that start with a capital letter?

A) ls [A-Z]*
B) ls A-Z
C) ls A-Z*
D) ls --uppercasefiles
E) list-uppercase-files

Question 55

What is the output of the following command?   tail -n 20 test.txt

A) The first 20 lines of test.txt.
B) The last 20 lines of test.txt omitting the blank lines.
C) The last 20 lines of test.txt with line numbers.
D) The last 20 lines of test.txt including blank lines.

Question 56

What command would you use to get comprehensive documentation about any command in Linux?

A) help command
B) echo command
C) locate command
D) man command
E) get command

Question 57

Which of the following is a requirement of the GPL license but not the BSD license?

A) Users who modify and distribute the software under the GPL license, must make the modifications they made, available to the recipients under the same license.
B) The GPL license forbids the removal of copyright and license notices from source code files that are distributed.
C) The GPL license contains a disclaimer of warranty requiring users not to hold the software authors liable for any damages.
D) The GPL license requires that any legal disputes be settled with the mediation of the Free Software Foundation.

Question 58

Which command displays the list of groups to which a user belongs?

A) whoami
B) lsgroup
C) who
D) id

Question 59

You have a program called /usr/bin/foo. You wish to create a symbolic link, /home/ user/foo, that points to it. Which command will do this task?

A) ln -sym /home/ user/foo /usr/bin/foo
B) ln -s /usr/bin/foo /home/ user/foo
C) ln /home/ user/foo /usr/bin/foo
D) ln /usr/bin/foo /home/ user/foo
E) ln --symlink /home/ user/foo /usr/bin/foo

Question 60

Which statement about users and user groups is correct?

A) A group can only have one main user.
B) There can be only one user group on a system.
C) Users do not have to belong to a user group.
D) Every user belongs to a least one user group.

Question 61

What keyword is missing from the following segment of the shell script?     for i in *; _____         cat $i     done

A) do
B) then
C) enod
D) fi
E) run

Question 62

SIMULATION What two character sequence is present at the beginning of an interpreted script? (Please specify the TWO correct characters only)

Question 63

Which command will display the last line of the file foo.txt?

A) head -n 1 foo.txt
B) tail foo.txt
C) last -n 1 foo.txt
D) tail -n 1 foo.txt

Question 64

What is the output of the following command?   for token in a b c; do     echo -n ${token};   done

A) anbncn
B) abc
C) $token$token$token
D) {a}{b}{c}
E) a b c

Question 65

The output of the program date should be saved in the variable actdat. What is the correct statement?

A) actdat=`date`
B) set actdat='date'
C) date | actdat
D) date > $actdat
E) actdat=date

Question 66

How can the current directory and its subdirectories be searched for the file named MyFile.xml?

A) find . -name MyFile.xml
B) grep MyFile.xml | find
C) grep -r MyFile.xml .
D) less MyFile.xml
E) search Myfile.xml ./

Question 67

Which of the following commands will create an archive file, named backup.tar, containing all the files from the directory /home?

A) tar /home backup.tar
B) tar -cf /home backup.tar
C) tar -xf /home backup.tar
D) tar -xf backup.tar /home
E) tar -cf backup.tar /home

Question 68

Which commands will archive /home and its content to /mnt/backup?

A) cp -ar /home /mnt/backup
B) mv /home /mnt/backup
C) sync -r /home /mnt/backup
D) tar -cf /mnt/backup/archive.tar /home
E) copy -r /home /mnt/backup

Question 69

Which of the following commands will set the variable text to olaf is home?

A) text=olaf\ is\ home
B) text=$olaf is home
C) $text='olaf is home'
D) text=='olaf is home'
E) text="olaf is home"