Deck 13: Creating Literacy Rich Environments for All Learners

Question 1

Activities such as reading books aloud together, singing songs, and chanting rhymes are critical early literacy activities used in developing:​

A)fluency.
B)word recognition.
C)phonemic awareness.
D)phonics.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Engaging multiple senses increases the chances that the learner will receive the information.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Very powerful adaptations that result in a dramatic difference in student performance can sometimes be very simple to implement.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

A student who has exceptionally high creativity and critical thinking skills but struggles with below average reading and or/spelling skills:​

A)will be unable to perform at grade level in core academic subjects.
B)is likely to demonstrate language delays.
C)is twice exceptional.
D)demonstrates underachievement due to an emotional or behavioral disorder.

Question 5

In order for reading achievement and comprehension to occur, an extensive reading __________ is needed.

A)fluency
B)vocabulary
C)grade-level textbook
D)aptitude

Question 6

Reading materials that contain few unknown words but reinforce the words a student is learning help to develop automaticity.

Question 7

Students who struggle with text and other print material from which they are expected to gain information are not capable of the thought processes and learning expected in a typical general education classroom.

Question 8

Learned helplessness means:​

A)struggling readers depend on support and instruction for the development of skills in reading.
B)students become passive learners who rely on others to structure tasks for them so they can just "get by."
C)struggling readers become dependent on the use of books on tape and other multimedia devices for the acquisition of information.
D)struggling readers learn how to avoid reading tasks by exhibiting behavior problems.

Question 9

Some students with disabilities may be able to decode text and gain some information from the reading, but have difficulties finding main ideas or in tasks such as sequencing and paraphrasing because they lack the ______________ skills required to organize these processes.​

A)syntax
B)metacognitive​
C)fine motor
D)receptive language

Question 10

Peer assisted strategies (PALS)are only beneficial in helping older students learn to read because younger students are incapable of acting as peer helpers.

Question 11

Early intervention for students with reading difficulties is critical for all the following reasons, EXCEPT:

A)as students get older the focus shifts from learning to read to reading to learn.
B)as students get older, curricular demands and other factors make it increasingly
C)if reading skills are not developed in the early elementary level, most students cannot make progress with reading ability in later years.
D)as struggling readers get older, they may lose motivation and develop behavior problems.

Question 12

For some students writing is actually easier than reading, because reading requires a more complex series of steps to decode language.

Question 13

Although the systematic instruction of phonemic awareness and the alphabetic principle have proven successful with children for whom English is their first language, it has not been shown to benefit English language learners.

Question 14

Regardless of the type of instruction used, many children learn to read by ________, however many other students need direct instruction to progress.​

A)pre-school
B)kindergarten
C)first grade
D)second grade

Question 15

Comprehension and fluency are often lost when a student has to spend too much time and mental energy in decoding a text.

Question 16

Balanced literacy combines the direct instruction of phonics and word study with opportunities for meaningful interactions with literature, language, and writing.

Question 17

When first teaching a child to read, research strongly supports the use of phonemic awareness which focuses on:​

A)linking sounds to letters and patterns.
B)hearing and using sounds.
C)the alphabetic principle.
D)word recognition.

Question 18

The benefits of teaching phonics explicitly and systematically to young students include all of the following, EXCEPT:

A)they can form and decode words more fluently.
B)they are better able to predict an unknown word they encounter.​
C)they are better able to link sounds to letter symbols.
D)they are better able to make inferences about what they have read.

Question 19

Schools with high poverty, minority, and special education populations have seen literacy improvements when all of the following are in place, EXCEPT:

A)teachers use differentiated instruction to teach the same content and objectives to all students.
B)doctors prescribe medications to help students focus.
C)collaborative partnerships are formed with reading specialists and special educators.​
D)collaborative partnerships are formed with peers and family members.

Question 20

Diverse learners, particularly those learning a second language, typically learn the academic vocabulary of a new language before the social vocabulary.

Question 21

Informal reading inventories typically provide all the following information, EXCEPT:

A)high tech options for reading instruction that are appropriate for a particular student.
B)general reading skills levels.
C)clues to the types of errors a student makes.
D)a general comprehension level.

Question 22

All of the following are components of fluent reading, EXCEPT:

A)reading quickly.
B)error-free reading.
C)reading accurately.
D)reading with expression.

Question 23

Reading Interest Inventories can accomplish all of the following, EXCEPT:

A)help the teacher select texts and other printed materials the will engage the student.​
B)assist the teacher in knowing the types of reading strategies a learner may or may not employ.
C)compare the age level at which the student reads to a random sample of his/her same age peers.
D)provide insight as to how a student views herself/himself as a reader.

Question 24

Encouraging students to listen to or read a chunk of materials then summarize or ______________ it in their own words is a useful strategy to help diverse students increase comprehension skills.

A)memorize
B)recite​
C)expand upon
D)paraphrase

Question 25

Students can build vocabulary by systematically using all of the following techniques to find out meanings of unknown words, EXCEPT:

A)assessing how important the word is in everyday use.​
B)using the context in which the word is found.
C)using learning tools such as the dictionary and thesaurus.
D)applying word structural analysis.

Question 26

Most students need instruction in the writing process and benefit from the use of all of the following, EXCEPT:

A)echo reading.​
B)graphic organizers.
C)outlines.
D)writing strategies.​

Question 27

All of the following factors affect a learner's reading comprehension, EXCEPT:

A)background knowledge and experience.
B)level of interest in reading and content.
C)gender and ethnicity.
D)knowledge of language, including vocabulary.​

Question 28

Which of the following is NOT an informal reading assessment?​

A)San Diego State Quick Assessment
B)Dynamic Indicators of Basic Literacy Skills
C)Dolch sight word lists
D)Realizing a book is too difficult for a student to read if they struggle with more than five words on a page

Question 29

Which of the following writing strategies would be LEAST beneficial for a student with a cognitive disability?​

A)Creating their own mnemonic and graphic organizer
B)Direct instructions on the basics of the writing process
C)Using a cloze procedure
D)Using a slot outline

Question 30

Listening to the sound and patterns in poetry, songs, chants, and rhymes is beneficial in promoting __________________.​

A)balanced literacy.
B)phonemic awareness.
C)word recognition.
D)comprehension.

Question 31

Which of the following statements regarding second language learners is NOT based on factual information?

A)They tend to develop academic language skills before they develop social language skills.
B)They tend to thrive in classrooms where teachers provide rich, meaningful lessons that support language growth.
C)They tend to do well when they have opportunities to work with their peers to discuss concepts.​
D)Young students have a small reading vocabulary while their oral and "listening" vocabulary tends to be larger.

Question 32

Fernald's 'say, spell, then trace the word with one finger' spelling strategy can be adapted to a variety of learning styles by having students trace the word:​

A)in a tray of salt.​
B)in the air.
C) on a student's back.
D)All of the choices are correct.

Question 33

Dolch sight word lists are typically used in assessing:​

A)phonemic awareness.​
B)spelling accuracy.
C)fluency.
D)word recognition skills.

Question 34

When teachers model the _____________ strategy, the teacher purposefully speaks aloud as she thinks through the steps in identifying an unknown word, making meaning of a passage, or handling other trouble spots in reading.

A)word map
B)thinking aloud​
C)paraphrasing
D)echo reading

Question 35

A _____________ allows the learner to analyze a word through its definition, synonyms, antonyms, mnemonics, and context.​

A)electronic dictionary
B)word map
C)reading pen
D)talking pen

Question 36

Which of the following is an example of a balanced literacy approach to adapting instructional resources to meet the needs of struggling readers?​

A)Reading instruction based on teacher-selected reading materials only
B)All students reading the same novel in English class
C)Using high-tech resources, such as projecting pages of text on screen so that the class can follow along as the teacher reads aloud
D)Using a menu of choices based on universal themes/ideas through which to guide and differentiate instruction

Question 37

If a teacher has used both formal and informal reading assessments and still is not clear as to why the student is struggling, a __________ assessment could help in identifying the problem.

A)group
B)written
C)language
D)behavioral

Question 38

Many learners find spelling a real challenge for all the following reasons, EXCEPT: imany cases, the way a word is spelled does not directly correspond to its sounds.

A)inconsistent patterns exist within the English language.
B)the acceptable spelling of words typically varies across school districts, i.e. organization vs. organisation; bank vs. banque.
C)our language is constantly changing as new words are formed in the media and in response to changing technologies.
D)in many cases, the way a word is spelled does not directly correspond to its sounds.

Question 39

Today's literacy instruction connects __________ from the start.​

A)reading and spelling
B)reading and writing
C)reading and speaking​
D)reading and listening

Question 40

Teachers can help students increase their reading fluency in all of the following ways, EXCEPT:

A)repeatedly reading the same passage aloud until speed and accuracy are achieved.​
B)selecting passages that are of interest to the students.
C)providing reading passages that are at least two grade levels above the student's independent reading level.
D)teaching pre-vocabulary before assessing fluency in a particular set of reading materials.

Question 41

What has functional brain imaging revealed about students who struggle with reading due to neurological challenges?

Question 42

Explain why students who are able to decode written words may still struggle with reading comprehension.

Question 43

When reading to learn is not an option for students, it becomes necessary to:​

A)prepare an alternative curriculum that matches their grade level reading skills.
B)provide all important material and information in auditory format.​
C)excuse students from assignments and activities wherein reading is required.
D)ensure that all textbooks are appropriate to their reading levels.

Question 44

Compare and contrast the interventions used to promote phonics and word recognition among older and younger children.

Question 45

Make a list of strategies and interventions you can use to help diverse learners become better writers.

Question 46

The Fry readability index:​

A)contains a list of high/interest and low/interest books.
B)is administered by a classmate as part of the Peer Assisted Learning Strategies. ​
C)is used to determine the general reading level of print material.
D)helps students chunk and paraphrase what they have read.

Question 47

For students who read below grade level, the advantage of using novels or other literature that has been rewritten at a lower reading level includes all the following, EXCEPT: rstandings and bias toward the term "counselor" to the _______________ of the term itself.

A)the student is still held accountable for the reading.
B)teachers don't have to spend time reading the original novel to the student aloud.
C)the student can independently read the novel.
D)reading age-appropriate materials at a student's reading level can enhance his/her self-esteem.

Question 48

All the following statements on literacy instruction are true, EXCEPT:

A)collaborative partnerships are important so strategies are reinforced and integrated into a variety of settings.
B)schools may benefit from exploring scheduling arrangement that foster collaboration and have a positive impact on literacy.
C)literacy instruction is broad, complex, and one size does not fit all.
D)if students fail to develop literacy skills in elementary school, they are likely to remain illiterate into adulthood.

Question 49

Academically gifted students can benefit from:​

A)placement in higher grade levels with their intellectual peers.
B)extracurricular sports and physical education activities.
C)enrichment activities and curriculum compacting.
D)eliminating literacy-related curriculum to make time for more math and science activities.

Question 50

Students with ADHD and motivational challenges may respond best to literacy instruction when it is presented using _________________ formats and materials.​

A)printed​
B)multisensory
C)static
D)multicolored

Question 51

Additional barriers to learning may exist for students with social/emotional challenges for all the following reasons, EXCEPT:

A)they may have difficulty understanding emotions of characters they read about.
B)they may have limited interests.
C)they are likely to have severe behavioral issues which prevent academic engagement.
D)they may prefer to work in groups or alone based on their social skills or other factors.

Question 52

Give reasons why learning English vocabulary can be confusing to native English speakers, and even more so to those who are trying to learn the English language.

Question 53

Which of following ways to modify the presentation of the text is the LEAST simple to implement?​

A)Using frames​
B)Creating e-books
C)Using color overlays​
D)Using an enlarged font

Question 54

Explain how the Question-Answer-Response (QAR)strategy can be presented in different modes to benefit students with a variety of learning styles.

Question 55

Compare and contrast the different methods and resources used in promoting literacy.

Question 56

Discuss the role literacy assessment and UDL principles play in helping children develop literacy skills.

Question 57

What is meant by the term learned helplessness?

Question 58

For students who cannot access information through printed materials, a video clip or other multimedia anchor can be used to accomplish all of the following, EXCEPT:

A)provide background information.
B)activate prior knowledge.​
C)assess readiness for learning.
D)increase engagement.

Question 59

How can echo reading and phonic phones help a student increase reading fluency?