Question 1

During accommodation, it is normal for the eyes to diverge, to obtain a thorough view of the close object.

Accepted Answer

During accommodation, the eyes converge, not diverge, to maintain a single focused image of the close object.

Question 2

The muscles of photopupillary reflex are innervated by the ________ nerve.&#10;A)trochlear&#10;B)oculomotor&#10;C)optic&#10;D)facial&#10;E)abducens

Accepted Answer

The muscles involved in the photopupillary reflex are the circular and radial muscles of the iris, which are innervated by the parasympathetic fibers of the oculomotor nerve (cranial nerve III).

Question 3

About 7% of females are colorblind.

Accepted Answer

About 0.5% of females are colorblind, while around 8% of males are colorblind.

Question 4

The near point of accommodation increases with age.

Accepted Answer

The near point of accommodation is the closest distance at which an individual can clearly focus on an object. This distance is determined by the ability of the lens to change shape and adjust its focus. As we age, the lens loses its flexibility and ability to adjust, causing the near point of accommodation to gradually move farther away. Therefore, the statement is true - the near point of accommodation increases with age.

Question 5

In the blind spot demonstration, when staring at the + sign with your right eye, and moving the figure closer to your face, the dot in the figure suddenly disappears when it is focused on the&#10;A)fovea centralis.&#10;B)optic disc.&#10;C)ciliary body.&#10;D)macula lutea.&#10;E)peripheral retina.

Accepted Answer

The optic disc is where the optic nerve exits the eye, and there are no photoreceptor cells at this point. Therefore, any image that falls on this area will not be detected by the brain, resulting in a blind spot. When the dot in the figure is at the optic disc, it falls within the blind spot and is not seen.

Question 6

When a person focuses on a close object, the pupil constricts along with the normal accommodation reflex.

Accepted Answer

When a person focuses on a close object, the ciliary muscles contract to increase the curvature of the lens, causing the lens to become more convex, which helps to refract light more strongly to form a clear image on the retina. At the same time, the pupil constricts to increase the depth of field and keep the light rays in focus on the retina. This coordinated response is known as the accommodation reflex.

Question 7

A defect in the curvature of the cornea or lens results in a condition called&#10;A)emmetropia.&#10;B)hyperopia.&#10;C)myopia.&#10;D)astigmatism.&#10;E)presbyopia.

Accepted Answer

A defect in the curvature of the cornea or lens that causes blurry vision is symptoms of astigmatism.

Question 8

Which of the following structures refract(s)light to focus it on to the proper area of the retina?&#10;A)Iris&#10;B)Ciliary body&#10;C)Cornea and lens&#10;D)Pupil&#10;E)Optic disc and ciliary body

Accepted Answer

The cornea and lens are the structures responsible for refracting light and focusing it onto the retina. The iris controls the size of the pupil, but does not actually refract light itself. The ciliary body helps to change the shape of the lens, but is not directly responsible for refracting light. The optic disc is where the optic nerve leaves the eye and does not play a role in focusing light onto the retina.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT true of colorblindness?&#10;A)It is a hereditary trait carried on the X chromosome.&#10;B)Protanopia involves a lack of or a decrease in sensitivity to the blue-sensitive cones.&#10;C)Males and females can be colorblind, but the condition is more common in males.&#10;D)Deuteranopia involves a lack of or a decreased sensitivity to green-sensitive cones.&#10;E)All of these are true of colorblindness.

Accepted Answer

Protanopia involves a lack of or a decrease in sensitivity to the red-sensitive cones, not blue-sensitive cones.

Question 10

In the astigmatism test, astigmatism is present if some groups of radiating lines on the astigmatism chart appear red, while others appear black.

Accepted Answer

In an astigmatism test using a chart, the indication of astigmatism is if some lines appear blurrier or less sharp than others, not a change in color.

Question 11

A person with better than normal visual acuity may have a vision of&#10;A)20/50&#10;B)20/10&#10;C)20/20&#10;D)20/200&#10;E)20/100

Accepted Answer

The answer of A person with better than normal visual...

Question 12

As people age, the lenses of the eye thicken and lose elasticity, a condition called&#10;A)hyperopia.&#10;B)emmetropia.&#10;C)myopia.&#10;D)hypoopia.&#10;E)presbyopia.

Accepted Answer

The answer of As people age, the lenses of the...

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT true of farsightedness?&#10;A)It is caused by the eyeball being too long.&#10;B)It is also called hyperopia.&#10;C)When a person is farsighted, distant objects are clear, but close objects look blurry.&#10;D)A convex lens is used to correct farsightedness.&#10;E)All of these are true of farsightedness.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is NOT true...

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT true of accommodation?&#10;A)It refers to a change in the shape of the lens, as a person focuses on a near object.&#10;B)When a person focuses on a close object, the lens becomes more spherical.&#10;C)When accommodation occurs, tension is released on the suspensory ligaments holding the lens.&#10;D)It is accomplished by a reflex in the iris.&#10;E)All of these are true of accommodation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is NOT true...

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT true of the photopupillary reflex?&#10;A)The response is controlled by the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system.&#10;B)It occurs when a person suddenly enters an area with brighter lighting conditions.&#10;C)The response is a decrease in the size of the pupil.&#10;D)It involves contraction of the circular muscles of the iris.&#10;E)All of these are true of the photopupillary reflex.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is NOT true...

Deck 37: Visual Tests and Demonstrations