Deck 4: Working Memory

Question 1

The authors of the 2012 paper titled "Let's be realistic about intervention research" are:
(A)McNab and Klingberg
(B)Gathercole, Dunning, and Holmes
(C)Baddeley, Eysenck, and Anderson
(D)Conway, Cowan, and Bunting
(E)Norris, Baddeley, and Lewandowsky

Answer 1

B

Question 2

The capacity for cue-dependent search in long-term memory is called which of the following in Unsworths and Engle's (2007)model?
(A)Bivalent memory
(B)Primary memory
(C)Tertiary memory
(D)Unified memory
(E)Secondary memory

Answer 2

E

Question 3

The behavior in which patients uninhibitedly make use of whatever object is around is best termed:
(A)Gratification
(B)Utilization
(C)Neglect
(D)Confabulation
(E)Projection

Answer 3

B

Question 4

The tendency for earlier items to compete at retrieval with the items to be recalled is best termed:
(A)Retrieval-induced forgetting
(B)Retroactive interference
(C)Bimodal loss
(D)Verbal overshadowing
(E)Proactive interference

Question 5

Neuroimaging work investigating the neural correlates of the phonological storage typically identify regions of selective activity in which hemisphere of the brain?
(A)Ventral
(B)Right
(C)Dorsal
(D)Left
(E)Posterior

Question 6

Turner and Engle (1989)asked participants to remember words, each of which was followed by a math problem. The primary resulting measure is called:
(A)Corsi span
(B)Digit span
(C)Operation span
(D)Arithmetic mean
(E)Standard error

Question 7

Conway, Cowan, and Bunting (2001)found that low-span participants were more likely to have detected which of the following in the audio?
(A)Odd digits in both streams
(B)Animal noises in the attended stream
(C)Even digits in both streams
(D)The participant's name in the unattended stream
(E)No differences were reported relative to high-span participants

Question 8

Baddeley, Chincotta, and Adlam (2001)found evidence suggesting that participants had been relying on which of the following to keep their place in an alternating task?
(A)Iconic store
(B)Visuo-spatial sketchpad
(C)Motor memory
(D)Subvocal instructions
(E)Method of loci

Question 9

Patient RR showed signs of:
(A)Neglect
(B)Utilization
(C)Confabulation
(D)Inhibition
(E)Alzheimer's

Question 10

Baars (1997, 2002)suggested that which of the following allows for the integration of information from various senses and binding them into perceived objects and scenes?
(A)Implicit memories
(B)Subvocal rehearsal
(C)Conscious awareness
(D)Non-declarative systems
(E)The id

Question 11

Patient PV displayed deficits associated with which component of working memory?
(A)The phonological loop
(B)The episodic buffer
(C)The visuo-spatial sketchpad
(D)The central executive
(E)None of these

Question 12

Evidence suggests that people reporting especially vivid imagery tend to:
(A)Have better memory than those with weaker reported visual imagery
(B)Use vividness as a sign of accuracy in memory
(C)Be less likely to misjudge the veracity of a vivid memory
(D)Ignore vividness in making memory judgments
(E)Have profound memory impairments relative to the general population

Question 13

Imagining folding a piece of paper takes longer to complete:
(A)For blindfolded participants
(B)For males than females, on average
(C)When the phonological loop is occupied
(D)If the participant usually relies on visuo-spatial imagery
(E)When more folds are required

Question 14

Which factor is typically gradually increased in the nonword repetition test?
(A)Length
(B)Frequency
(C)Imageability
(D)Delays
(E)Pronounceability

Question 15

Which part of the brain did Shallice link to deficits in attentional control?
(A)Hippocampus
(B)Temporal lobe
(C)Frontal lobe
(D)Parietal lobe
(E)Cerebellum

Question 16

Klingberg presented evidence that his program, called ________, improved working memory measures in children with ADHD.
(A)Brainboost
(B)Work4It!
(C)Neuroboost
(D)Cogmed
(E)GetRaven

Question 17

Pierre Barrouillet, Valerie Camos, and their group in 1989 developed the hypothesis of:
(A)Proactive interference
(B)Task-switching
(C)Recency effect
(D)Resource-sharing
(E)Levels of processing

Question 18

According to Norman and Shallice, what is the SAS?
(A)Suspended attentional system
(B)Systematic attentional system
(C)Supervisory attentional system
(D)Sensory arousal system
(E)Senior attentional system

Question 19

Melby-Lervåg and Hulme's (2013)meta-analysis suggested that working memory training programs generally yielded:
(A)Little evidence for generalization to real-world tasks
(B)Short-term gains that generalized to other tasks
(C)No evidence for lasting verbal WM gains at long delays
(D)Modest evidence for lasting visual WM gains at long delays
(E)All of these

Question 20

Cowan believes working memory depends on activation within long-term memory that:
(A)Decays unless maintained by rehearsal or attention
(B)Is unidimensional
(C)Is fully represented in the episodic buffer
(D)All of these
(E)Has a capacity of about seven chunks

Question 21

Duncan and Owen's (2000)meta-analysis of studies relating to task novelty, working memory, load, response competition, delay, and perceptual difficulty found that all these factors tend to load on which area of the brain?
(A)Primary visual cortex
(B)Anterior cingulate
(C)Lateral occipital complex
(D)Hippocampus
(E)Primary motor cortex

Question 22

Mishkin, Ungerleider, and Macko (1983)identified a dorsal processing stream that is primarily concerned with:
(A)Spatial location
(B)Shape coding
(C)Object coding
(D)None of these
(E)High spatial frequencies

Question 23

According to the text, which neuromodulator appears to be especially associated with the executive control system and to involve the anterior cingulate area of the brain?
(A)Dopamine
(B)Acetylcholine
(C)Adrenalin
(D)Hydrocortisone
(E)Serotonin

Question 24

The relationship between LTM and WM has been recently studied using…?
(A)ERPs
(B)MVPA
(C)DCM
(D)PLS
(E)PPI