Deck 1: Introduction to Statistics

Question 1

Determine which of the four levels of measurement is most appropriate.
Ornithologists classify hummingbirds in the United States using 17 different species: Allen, Anna, Berylline, Black-chinned, Blue-throated, Broad-billed, Broad- tailed, Buff-bellied, Calliope, Costa, Lucifer, Magnificent, Ruby-throated, Rufous, Violet-crowned, White-eared, and Xantus. What type of data is collected?

A) Nominal
B) Ordinal
C) Interval
D) Ratio

Answer 1

Nominal

Question 2

The following questions relate to random samples and simple random samples.
To monitor levels of the giardia parasite in the Rio Grande, aquatic biologists collect test tube samples at various locations determined by a computer randomization program. Does this sampling plan result in a random sample? Simple random sample?

Answer 2

Yes; Yes

Question 3

Determine whether the given value is a statistic or a parameter.
A sample of Sidewinder, or Horned, Rattlesnakes is found to have an average (mean) length of 26 inches.

Answer 3

Statistic

Question 4

Determine which of the four levels of measurement is most appropriate.
Biologists measure the water temperature of the Merrimack River in New Hampshire. What type of data is collected?

A) Nominal
B) Ordinal
C) Interval
D) Ratio

Question 5

Determine whether the given description corresponds to an observational study or an experiment.
In a study of cold symptoms, the body temperatures of study participants were taken.

Question 6

Determine whether the given value is a statistic or a parameter.
A sample of Medtronic's rechargeable implanted spine stimulator batteries lasted an average (mean) of nine years.

Question 7

Determine the type of sampling used: systematic, convenience, stratified, or
cluster.
Biologists divide the regions where Red foxes are found into the Nearctic, Palearctic, Oriental, Ethiopian, and the Australian region. They plan to follow 100 female foxes from each region to find the average (mean) number of their offspring.

Question 8

Determine the type of sampling used: systematic, convenience, stratified, or
cluster.
To obtain a sample of pregnant women, a researcher contacts her son's preschool teacher for a list of names.

Question 9

Determine whether the given value is a statistic or a parameter.
Volunteers in Grayton Beach, FL identified the average (mean) number of hatchlings in all 79 Loggerhead turtle nests.

Question 10

Determine which of the four levels of measurement is most appropriate.
Doctors measure the weights (in pounds) of preterm babies. What type of data is collected?

A) Nominal
B) Ordinal
C) Interval
D) Ratio

Question 11

Identify the type of observational study: cross-sectional, retrospective, or
prospective.
Scientists studying the migration habits of Aleutian geese collect data from reports measuring the number of geese during "fly-offs" over the past 15 years. Determine the type of sampling used: systematic, convenience, stratified, or cluster.

Question 12

Determine whether the given description corresponds to an observational study or an experiment.
Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder are randomly divided into four treatment groups (the Tomatis Method, the Dore Method, the Brain Gym, and a control group) to compare differences in focus and concentration.

Question 13

The following questions relate to random samples and simple random samples.
To assess the variation in measurement (in cubic centimeters) of a pre-filled syringes containing experimental cervical cancer vaccine, manufacturers select every 200th syringe beginning at a random moment. Does this sampling plan result in a random sample? Simple random sample?

Question 14

Determine the type of sampling used: systematic, convenience, stratified, or
cluster.
A county water quality control officer obtains a list of all residential addresses in the county and constructs a sample of homes to monitor by selecting every 200th home on the list.

Question 15

Determine whether the given values are from a discrete or a continuous data set.
The number of hatchlings from a sample of 45 bluebird nests is 135.

Question 16

Identify the type of observational study: cross-sectional, retrospective, or
prospective.
A researcher from the department of defense is studying the psychology of trauma. He plans to follow the children of service members who died in Afghanistan for the next 20 years.

Question 17

Determine whether the given values are from a discrete or a continuous data set.
A sample of Dall sheep is measured to have an average (mean) horn length of 35.7 inches.

Question 18

Determine which of the four levels of measurement is most appropriate.
The income range of attendees at a research conference is gathered as upper, middle, and low levels. What type of data is collected?

A) Nominal
B) Ordinal
C) Interval
D) Ratio

Question 19

Determine the type of sampling used: systematic, convenience, stratified, or
cluster.
To conduct a study of Johnson & Johnson shareholder attitudes, a list of shareholder zipcodes is compiled. All shareholders from 20 different zipcodes are selected to be surveyed.

Question 20

Determine whether the given value is a statistic or a parameter.
In studying the Loggerhead turtle on Anna Maria Island, FL, scientists observe the average (mean) number of hatchlings in all 253 nests.

Question 21

The following questions relate to random samples and simple random samples.
To monitor the population of Herring in Manchester, New Hampshire, fisheries biologists catch samples of the fish in a river at various locations determined by a computer randomization program. Does this sampling plan result in a random sample? Simple random sample?

Question 22

Determine the type of sampling used: systematic, convenience, stratified, or
cluster.
To obtain a sample of diabetics, a graduate student contacts nearby hospitals for a list of names.

Question 23

Determine which of the four levels of measurement is most appropriate.
Doctors measure the weights (in pounds) of pregnant women. What type of data is collected?

A) Nominal
B) Ordinal
C) Interval
D) Ratio

Question 24

Determine which of the four levels of measurement is most appropriate.
Biologists monitor the air temperature of the Biosphere 2 in Oracle, Arizona. What type of data is collected?

A) Nominal
B) Ordinal
C) Interval
D) Ratio

Question 25

Determine whether the given description corresponds to an observational study or
an experiment.
Patients with severe heart failure were randomly assigned to two treatment groups to compare death and hospitalization rates. One group was treated with drug therapy while the other group was treated with a combination of drugs and an electrical device.

Question 26

Determine which of the four levels of measurement is most appropriate.
Scientists classify the four major deserts in North America using different regions: the Great Basin, the Mojave, the Sonoran, and the Chihuahuan. What type of data is collected?

A) Nominal
B) Ordinal
C) Interval
D) Ratio

Question 27

Determine whether the given values are from a discrete or a continuous data set.
A sample of male Bighorn sheep has an average (mean) horn base circumference of 43.2 centimeters.

Question 28

Identify the type of observational study: cross-sectional, retrospective, or
prospective.
Geneticists studying the biodiversity of roses collect data from reports classifying the number of varieties during the past 30 years.

Question 29

Determine whether the given values are from a discrete or a continuous data set.
The Produce for Better Health Foundation manages the campaign advocating consumers to eat "5 Fruits and Vegetables A Day for Better Health".

Question 30

Determine the type of sampling used: systematic, convenience, stratified, or
cluster.
Biologists studying the pH level of state waterways obtain a sample of streams from a randomly generated list by selecting every 5th stream on the list.

Question 31

Identify the type of observational study: cross-sectional, retrospective, or
prospective.
Climatologists studying global warming record the average (mean) temperature of the Earth and the change in size of the ice caps during the next 50 years.

Question 32

The following questions relate to random samples and simple random samples.
To assess the variation in volume (in cubic centimeters) of different manufacturer's pre-filled hormone injections, reproductive biologists select every 50th syringe beginning at a random moment. Does this sampling plan result in a random sample? Simple random sample?

Question 33

Determine the type of sampling used: systematic, convenience, stratified, or
cluster.
Medical researchers following living organ donors classify donors according to whether they donated a kidney, a portion of the liver, a portion of the lung, bone marrow, or blood. The general health of 200 donors from each category is monitored for five years.

Question 34

Determine whether the given description corresponds to an observational study or
an experiment.
In a study of the Bald Eagle population, the number of breeding pairs is counted.

Question 35

Determine which of the four levels of measurement is most appropriate.
Physicians rank the severity of asthma using mild intermittent asthma, mild persistent asthma, moderate persistent asthma, severe persistent asthma, or brittle asthma. What type of data is collected?

A) Nominal
B) Ordinal
C) Interval
D) Ratio

Question 36

Determine the type of sampling used: systematic, convenience, stratified, or
cluster.
To conduct a survey of the interest of U.S. citizens in Yellowstone National Park, a list of zipcodes is compiled. All citizens in 50 different zipcodes are selected to be mailed a survey.