Deck 21: Alternative Media and Processes

Question 1

The Pont du Gard is a Roman construction used for conveying water, called ________.

A) an irrigation system
B) a viaduct
C) a water tower
D) an aqueduct
E) a well

Answer 1

D

Question 2

The juxtaposition of different buildings and styles of architecture in New York City creates a composition like ________ painting.

A) a Pointillist
B) an Impressionist
C) a Cubist The Engineering and Science of Architecture
D) a Surrealist
E) a Minimalist

Answer 2

C

Question 3

The ancient Romans perfected this type of arch and often used it in their architecture.

A) rounded
B) corbeled
C) pointed
D) segmental
E) staggered

Answer 3

A

Question 4

This kind of stress pushes on the structure of a building and must be countered by a pulling stress.

A) compression
B) tension
C) texture
D) thrust
E) momentum

Question 5

Which of these artists is not involved with the creation of architecture?

A) sculptor
B) architect
C) interior designer The Context of Architecture
D) landscape architect
E) structural designer

Question 6

The remarkable load-bearing Maya pyramid Temple I at Tikal can be found in this modern country.

A) Iraq
B) Mexico
C) Egypt Gateway to Art:
The Great Pyramid of Khufu: 
Math and Engineering
D) Guatemala
E) China

Question 7

The Greek architect Kallikrates designed the Temple of Athena Nike using this style of column, named after a region in coastal Greece.

A) Ionic
B) Doric
C) Corinthian
D) Egyptian
E) Romanesque

Question 8

The architect Fumihiko Maki began the process of designing a building for this New York City site by making a simple drawing.

A) World Trade Center
B) Statue of Liberty
C) Staten Island
D) Central Park
E) Empire State Building

Question 9

A room that uses numerous columns to support a flat ceiling is known as a ________ hall.

A) hypostyle
B) peristyle
C) vault
D) stylobate
E) corbelled

Question 10

The Temple of Amun-Re, an ancient Egyptian hypostyle hall built nearly 3,500 years ago, is still one of the largest religious structures in the world. It is located at ________.

A) Madinat Habu
B) Luxor
C) Dendara
D) Philae
E) Karnak

Question 11

Architects consider this when designing a building.

A) the site
B) engineering
C) materials
D) the needs of the user
E) all of these answers

Question 12

In order to create an interior space, an architect must design a distance between two supports called ________.

A) a span
B) a stretch
C) an overlay
D) an elevation
E) a flat

Question 13

This type of arched span was first used in ancient Babylon and Mycenae.

A) pointed
B) staggered
C) rounded
D) corbeled
E) segmental

Question 14

The Egyptians were the only ancient civilization to create load-bearing constructions.

Question 15

This architectural term means creating a structure out of a pile of material.

A) load-bearing
B) post-and-lintel
C) arch
D) steel frame
E) dome

Question 16

The Great Pyramid of Khufu is an example of sophisticated engineering and ________ construction.

A) post-and-lintel
B) load-bearing
C) wooden
D) shoddy
E) none of the other answers

Question 17

This kind of stress pulls on the structure of a building and must be countered by a pushing stress.

A) momentum
B) compression
C) texture
Traditional Construction in Natural Materials
D) thrust
E) tension

Question 18

In Taos Pueblo, New Mexico, an architect might opt to use this construction material in order to keep the aesthetic appearance of his or her building consistent with the surrounding architecture.

A) adobe brick
B) steel and glass
C) concrete
D) wood siding
E) ceramic tile

Question 19

This is a ceiling based on the structural principles of the arch.

A) vault
B) cove
C) flat
D) peaked
E) drop

Question 20

This architectural construction method consists of two uprights and a crossbeam.

A) dome
B) load-bearing
C) arch
D) post-and-lintel
E) vault

Question 21

In the nineteenth century, this material became both less costly and more widely available for construction.

A) glass
B) iron
C) concrete
D) steel
E) all of the other answers

Question 22

This building material is a mixture of cement and ground stone.

A) wood
B) brick
C) steel
D) stone
E) concrete

Question 23

Reinforced concrete is a raw material that has always been available, architects just did not like the look of it until the nineteenth century.

Question 24

This feature of Gothic architecture allowed the weight of the ceiling to be transferred away from the walls so that larger windows could be built.

A) pointed arches
B) flying buttresses
C) vaults
D) ambulatories
E) aisles

Question 25

Vaults that have an exposed structural beam protruding from them for decorative purposes are called ________.

A) spanners
B) beamers
C) beam vaults
D) rib vaults
E) lifters

Question 26

This religion is practiced in two of the oldest wooden buildings in the world, found at the Horyu Temple in Nara, Japan.

A) Islam
B) Hinduism
C) Shinto
D) Buddhism
E) Christianity

Question 27

These windows are set high above the nave in order to allow light into large open areas, such as the interior of the Hagia Sophia.

A) clerestory
B) stained-glass
C) casement
D) transom
E) jalousie

Question 28

The Crystal Palace inspired other architects including ________, who created a tower in Paris that was originally intended to be temporary.

A) Abbot Suger
B) Louis Sullivan
C) Gustave Eiffel Steel-Frame Construction
D) Joseph Paxton
E) Walter Gropius

Question 29

This nineteenth-century North American construction method uses lightweight wooden frames, instead of heavy timbers, to support the building.

A) corbeling
B) post-and-lintel
C) post-and-beam The Emergence of Modern Materials and Modern Architecture
D) balloon framing
E) fluting

Question 30

The visionary church leader Abbot Suger sought to intensify the spiritual experience of worshipers by revolutionizing church architecture. He was instrumental in establishing the architectural style known as ________.

A) Elizabethan
B) Romanesque
C) Early Christian
D) Jacobean
E) Gothic

Question 31

This type of arch was integrated into Gothic architecture in order to help direct the worshiper's gaze upward.

A) pointed
B) rounded
C) corbeled
D) Moorish
E) segmental

Question 32

Le Corbusier and Frank Lloyd Wright were architects with strong visions who both designed houses that were meant to be lived in. Which of the two houses, Villa Savoye or Fallingwater, would you prefer to live in? Why?

Question 33

Japanese wooden architecture uses a series of cross- and counter-________ to support the elaborate curved roofs of early temples.

A) beams
B) lintels
C) braces
D) posts
E) gabbards

Question 34

Cast iron was only invented in the eighteenth century.

Question 35

This cast-iron building was designed by Sir Joseph Paxton for the Great Exhibition of 1851, and was more than a third of a mile long.

A) Crystal Palace
B) Hagia Sophia
C) Eiffel Tower
D) Wainwright Building
E) Empire State Building

Question 36

Frank Lloyd Wright's Fallingwater cultivates an organic relationship between the building and its location by:

A) using materials chiefly from the surrounding countryside
B) coloring the concrete to match the rocks
C) mimicking the layers of the rocks in his design
D) letting the underlying rock jut into the living 
space
E) all of the other answers

Question 37

This style of medieval cathedral was based on the architecture of Rome.

A) Gothic
B) Romanesque
C) Jacobean
D) Federalist
E) Old Empire

Question 38

If an architect wanted to build a large square building with a domed roof, he or she would use this structural feature to transfer the load of the roof.

A) nave
B) rib vault
C) flying buttress Wooden Architecture
D) pointed arch
E) pendentive

Question 39

This is the large central space of a Romanesque or Gothic cathedral.

A) nave
B) aisle
C) apse
D) crossing
E) ambulatory

Question 40

This type of window was used in Gothic cathedrals to enhance the religious experience of the worshiper.

A) transom
B) casement
C) stained-glass
D) jalousie
E) picture

Question 41

The Danish architect Jørn Utzon designed this eye-catching structure in Sydney, Australia, using reinforced concrete.

A) Sydney Opera House
B) Sydney Harbor Bridge
C) Parliament House
D) Strand Arcade
E) Chifley Tower

Question 42

The Center for Maximum Potential Building Systems, co-directed by the architects Vittori and Fisk since 1991, was created to make buildings more ________.

A) transparent
B) interesting
C) urban
D) efficient
E) environmentally friendly