Deck 8: Joint and Movement

Question 1

Mary Lu is experiencing pain from her sacroiliac joint. In what region of her body is she most likely feeling pain?

A) Posterior pelvic region
B) Anterior pelvic region
C) Cervical region
D) Lumbar region
E) Thoracic region

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Jasmine trips and tries to break her fall by putting her hand to the ground. The doctor informs her she has injured the ________ joints in her wrist.

A) costocarpal
B) intermetacarpal
C) metacarpophalangeal
D) intercarpal

Answer 2

A

Question 3

LaTonya gets her hand caught in the car door at her knuckles. Which of these specific joints is injured?

A) Radiocarpal joint
B) Metacarpophalangeal joint
C) Atlantoaxial joint
D) Metatarsophalangeal joint

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Harry is told he has structural damage to his dentoalveolar joint. Where specifically is the problem area?

A) Between the sacrum and hipbone
B) At the symphysis pubis
C) In the cervical region between the atlas and axis
D) Between a tooth socket and a tooth
E) At the suture between the two parietal bones

Question 5

Delores is seeing a neurologist for severe inflammation in a specific type of joint. Which of these joints would be most likely to cause problems with the spinal cord?

A) Cubital joint
B) Glenohumeral joint
C) Atlantoaxial joint
D) Sternoclavicular joint
E) Talocrural joint

Question 6

Most of the joints in the appendicular skeleton are ________ joints.

A) fibrous
B) immovable
C) synovial
D) cartilaginous
E) inarticulate

Question 7

The epiphyseal plate of a growing bone is actually a temporary joint called a ________.

A) synchondrosis
B) synostosis
C) syndesmosis
D) symphysis
E) suture

Question 8

An example of a symphysis is the ________.

A) elbow joint
B) temporomandibular joint
C) costovertebral joint
D) intervertebral joint
E) sacroiliac joint

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a cartilaginous joint?

A) Epiphyseal plates
B) Intervertebral disks
C) Fontanelles
D) Sternocostal joint
E) Manubriosternal joint

Question 10

When two bones grow together across a joint to form a single bone, this is called a ________.

A) suture
B) syndesmosis
C) gomphosis
D) synostosis
E) symphysis

Question 11

Cartilaginous joints

A) are common in the skull.
B) unite two bones by means of fibrocartilage or hyaline cartilage.
C) allow the most movement between bones.
D) are found in the lower leg.
E) are not found in the pelvic region.

Question 12

Joints are classified according to the

A) bones that are united at the joint.
B) structure of the joint.
C) size of the joint.
D) shape of the joint.
E) type of fluid in the joint.

Question 13

A synchondrosis contains ________ cartilage.

A) synchronous
B) fibrous
C) elastic
D) reticular
E) hyaline

Question 14

In a syndesmosis

A) there is an osseous union between the bones of the joint.
B) the bones are held together by ligaments called interosseous membranes.
C) it is not unusual to find discs of cartilage.
D) no movement occurs.
E) there is a great range of motion.

Question 15

A synchondrosis

A) is a type of gomphosis.
B) is freely movable.
C) may be temporary.
D) is found in the arm.
E) is not found in a growing long bone.

Question 16

The joint between a tooth and the mandibular alveolus is an example of a ________.

A) suture
B) syndesmosis
C) gomphosis
D) synostosis
E) symphysis

Question 17

Which of the following statements concerning sutures is false?

A) They may become completely immovable in adults.
B) The opposing bones in the joint interdigitate for stability.
C) The tissue between the bones is hyaline cartilage.
D) The periosteum of adjacent bones is continuous over the joint.
E) Membranes, called fontanels, are present in some sutures at birth.

Question 18

A place where two or more bones come together is a/an ________.

A) cavity
B) joint
C) contusion
D) articulation
E) Both "joint" and "articulation" are correct.

Question 19

The sagittal suture is between the ________.

A) sacrum and hipbone.
B) two pubic bones.
C) atlas and axis.
D) alveolar process and tooth.
E) two parietal bones.

Question 20

A joint that has no joint cavity and exhibits little or no movement would be classified as a ________ joint.

A) fibrous
B) synovial
C) complex
D) cartilaginous
E) partial

Question 21

A ________ is a type of joint that is multiaxial allowing a wide range of movement.

A) saddle
B) hinge
C) pivot
D) plane
E) ball and socket

Question 22

Hyaluronic acid

A) contributes to the rigidity of a joint.
B) is found in the synovial membrane.
C) is responsible for the lubricating properties of synovial fluid.
D) makes up most of the matrix of hyaline cartilage.
E) makes surfaces rough.

Question 23

A joint that consists of two opposing flat surfaces of approximately equal size is a/an ________ joint.

A) plane
B) saddle
C) hinge
D) pivot
E) ellipsoid

Question 24

Synovial fluid

A) is a double layer of tissue that encloses a joint.
B) is a thin lubricating film covering the surface of a joint.
C) provides a smooth surface where bones meet.
D) is a layer of tissue that is continuous with the periosteum.
E) lines the joint everywhere except over the articular cartilage.

Question 25

Which of the following joints is most movable?

A) Suture
B) Syndesmosis
C) Symphysis
D) Synovial
E) Synchondrosis

Question 26

Articular cartilage

A) attaches tendons to bones.
B) produces red blood cells.
C) forms bursal fluid.
D) covers the ends of bones in synovial joints.
E) is formed at the epiphyseal plate.

Question 27

Which of the following statements concerning bursae is true?

A) They are filled with air.
B) They are a cellular cushion.
C) They carry blood vessels to joints.
D) They are formed by an extension of the synovial membrane.
E) They bind tendons to ligaments.

Question 28

A pivot joint

A) is a modified ball and socket joint.
B) restricts movement to rotation.
C) is a biaxial joint.
D) allows gliding movement.
E) is between the atlas and the occipital bone.

Question 29

Pain in a synovial joint such as the hip can occur because of irritation of the nerves in the

A) fibrous capsule of the joint.
B) articular cartilage of the femur.
C) synovial fluid.
D) joint cavity.
E) bone.

Question 30

Which of the following types of joints is mismatched with its location?

A) Saddle - thumb
B) Ball and socket - between humerus and scapula
C) Ellipsoid - between femur and tibia
D) Plane - between carpal bones
E) Hinge - cubital

Question 31

Synovial joints are different from both fibrous and cartilaginous joints because synovial joints

A) use fibrous connective tissue to hold the bones in the joint together.
B) are enclosed by a joint capsule.
C) are only temporary; they are replaced in the adult.
D) generally have both bones in the joint fused together.
E) are not freely moveable.

Question 32

The joint capsule

A) is a double layer of tissue that encloses a joint.
B) is a thin lubricating film covering the surface of a joint.
C) provides a smooth surface where bones meet.
D) is a layer of tissue that is continuous with the periosteum.
E) lines the joint everywhere except over the articular cartilage.

Question 33

The function of a bursa is to

A) provide support for a weak joint.
B) provide a fluid-filled cushion that reduces friction.
C) increase the articulating surface at a joint.
D) bind ligaments to bones.
E) produce fluid.

Question 34

The inability to produce the fluid that keeps most joints moist indicates a disorder of the

A) cruciate ligament.
B) synovial membrane.
C) articular cartilage.
D) bursae.
E) mucus membrane.

Question 35

A sharp object penetrated a synovial joint. From the following list of structures, select the order in which they were penetrated.
(1) Tendon or muscle
(2) Ligament
(3) Fibrous capsule
(4) Skin
(5) Synovial membrane

A) 4, 1, 2, 5, 3
B) 4, 5, 1, 2, 3
C) 4, 3, 2, 5, 1
D) 4, 1, 2, 3, 5
E) 4, 2, 1, 5, 3

Question 36

The fibrous capsule

A) is a double layer of tissue that encloses a joint.
B) is a thin lubricating film covering the surface of a joint.
C) provides a smooth surface where bones meet.
D) is a layer of tissue that is continuous with the periosteum.
E) lines the joint everywhere except over the articular cartilage.

Question 37

Articular cartilage

A) is a double layer of tissue that encloses a joint.
B) is a thin lubricating film covering the surface of a joint.
C) provides a smooth surface where bones meet.
D) is a layer of tissue that is continuous with the periosteum.
E) lines the joint everywhere except over the articular cartilage.

Question 38

The synovial membrane

A) is a double layer of tissue that encloses a joint.
B) is a thin lubricating film covering the surface of a joint.
C) provides a smooth surface where bones meet.
D) is a layer of tissue that is continuous with the periosteum.
E) lines the joint everywhere except over the articular cartilage.

Question 39

Synovial fluid

A) lacks cells.
B) is found between all bony junctions.
C) increases friction between bones.
D) is produced by articular cartilage.
E) decreases friction between bones.

Question 40

Which of the following is a synovial joint?

A) Atlantooccipital
B) Epiphyseal plate
C) Costosternal joint
D) Tibiofibular joint
E) Intervertebral disk

Question 41

Rotating the forearm so that the palm faces anteriorly is called ________.

A) circumduction
B) rotation
C) hyperextension
D) supination
E) pronation

Question 42

The joint between the head of the radius and the proximal end of the ulna is a ________ joint.

A) plane
B) saddle
C) hinge
D) pivot
E) ball and socket

Question 43

Rotating the forearm so that the palm faces posteriorly is called ________.

A) circumduction
B) rotation
C) hyperextension
D) supination
E) pronation

Question 44

The opposite of depression is ________.

A) inversion
B) protraction
C) elevation
D) pronation
E) flexion

Question 45

The joint between the articular processes of adjacent vertebrae is a ________ joint.

A) plane
B) saddle
C) hinge
D) pivot
E) ball and socket

Question 46

Bowing the head is an example of ________.

A) rotation
B) pronation
C) flexion
D) lateral excursion
E) hyperextension

Question 47

Which of the following pairs of terms are opposites?

A) Plantar flexion - dorsiflexion
B) Abduction - extension
C) Inversion - retraction
D) Pronation - rotation
E) Elevation - protraction

Question 48

The type of movement between carpal bones is described as ________.

A) pivot
B) adduction
C) extension
D) flexion
E) gliding

Question 49

A movement through 360 degrees that combines flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction is called ________.

A) circumduction
B) rotation
C) hyperextension
D) supination
E) pronation

Question 50

An example of a saddle joint is the ________ joint.

A) shoulder
B) elbow
C) atlanto-occipital
D) carpometacarpal
E) atlantoaxial

Question 51

Abnormal forced extension beyond normal range of motion is called ________.

A) circumduction
B) rotation
C) hyperextension
D) supination
E) pronation

Question 52

Which of the following joints is most movable?

A) Plane
B) Saddle
C) Hinge
D) Pivot
E) Ball and socket

Question 53

Ellipsoid joints

A) are multiaxial joints.
B) are found between adjacent vertebra.
C) are actually modified ball and socket joints.
D) allow free rotation.
E) are modified pivot joints.

Question 54

Which of the following movements is an example of extension?

A) Bending forward at the waist
B) Kneeling
C) Raising your arm laterally
D) Using your finger to point out an area on a map
E) Shrugging your shoulders

Question 55

A biaxial joint has movement

A) around one axis.
B) around two axes at right angles to one another.
C) about several axes.
D) as long as there is articular cartilage present.
E) that always rotates.

Question 56

Sergio needs to reach the bowls on the top shelf, which are slightly out of reach. Which type of movement would give him the greatest chance of success in reaching the bowls?

A) Dorsiflexion
B) Plantar flexion
C) Inversion
D) Eversion
E) Circumduction

Question 57

Yolanda, a yoga instructor, tells her class to stretch the muscles of the side of the trunk by instructing them to perform ________.

A) opposition
B) adduction
C) lateral flexion
D) extension
E) elevation

Question 58

If you ask someone a question and they do not know the answer, which type of nonverbal expression are you likely to get from that person?

A) Elevation of the clavicles and scapulae
B) Hyperextension of the back
C) Pronation of the forearm
D) Flexion of the forearm
E) Lateral flexion of the trunk

Question 59

The cubital or elbow joint is an example of a ________ joint.

A) saddle
B) hinge
C) pivot
D) ball and socket
E) plane

Question 60

Turning a structure around its longitudinal axis is called ________.

A) circumduction
B) rotation
C) hyperextension
D) supination
E) pronation

Question 61

Which of the following statements regarding the temporomandibular (TMJ) joint is correct?

A) The joint is divided into lateral and medial cavities by an articular disc of cartilage.
B) The joint has a cartilage capsule.
C) The joint is a combination plane and ellipsoidal joint.
D) The joint allows rotation.
E) The joint is located between the maxilla and the mandible.

Question 62

The ligament at the head of the femur is the ________.

A) ligamentum femoris
B) ligamentum teres
C) ligamentum acetabulum
D) ligamentum ilium
E) ligamentum primis

Question 63

The glenoid labrum is part of the ________ joint, while the acetabular labrum is part of the ________ joint.

A) elbow; knee
B) shoulder; hip
C) shoulder; knee
D) elbow; hip
E) shoulder; elbow

Question 64

The anterior cruciate ligament prevents ________ displacement of the tibia.

A) anterior
B) posterior
C) lateral
D) medial
E) radial

Question 65

Turning the ankle so that the plantar surface faces laterally is ________.

A) eversion
B) inversion
C) supination
D) retraction

Question 66

The opposite of extension is ________.

A) inversion
B) protraction
C) elevation
D) pronation
E) flexion

Question 67

The opposite of supination is ________.

A) inversion
B) protraction
C) elevation
D) pronation
E) flexion

Question 68

Which of the following movements is possible at the hip joint?

A) Rotation
B) Flexion
C) Adduction
D) Circumduction
E) All of the choices are correct.

Question 69

Which of the following movements does not occur at the knee joint?

A) Flexion
B) Rotation
C) Abduction
D) Extension
E) All of the choices are correct.

Question 70

The subscapular and subacromial bursa are associated with the ________ joint.

A) elbow
B) knee
C) shoulder
D) hip
E) wrist

Question 71

The opposite of retraction is ________.

A) inversion
B) protraction
C) elevation
D) pronation
E) flexion

Question 72

In the TMJ joint, the mandible articulates with the ________.

A) temporal bone
B) maxilla
C) zygomatic bone
D) tympanic bone
E) parietal bone

Question 73

Which of the following influence the range of motion of a joint?

A) The shape of the articular surfaces of the bones
B) The amount and shape of cartilage at the joint
C) The amount of fluid in and around the joint
D) The strength and location of tendons and ligaments
E) All of these influence range of motion.

Question 74

What is the most commonly dislocated joint in the body?

A) Glenohumeral joint
B) Temporomandibular joint
C) Humeroulnar joint
D) Hip joint
E) Knee joint

Question 75

Moving the mandible to the side as when grinding the teeth is ________.

A) lateral flexion
B) lateral excursion
C) elevation
D) inversion

Question 76

Returning the thumb to the anatomical position after touching the little finger is ________.

A) reposition
B) opposition
C) medial excursion
D) supination

Question 77

The muscles that hold the humeral head within the glenoid cavity are collectively called the ________.

A) sunacromial bursae
B) rotator cuff
C) glenoid labrum
D) coracohumeral ligament
E) deltoid muscle

Question 78

Raul's father tells him not to slouch, and to put his shoulders back. What specifically must Raul do to improve his posture?

A) Laterally rotate his humerus
B) Medially rotate his humerus
C) Depress his scapulae
D) Retract his scapulae

Question 79

The opposite of eversion is ________.

A) inversion
B) protraction
C) elevation
D) pronation
E) flexion

Question 80

A tennis player goes to the doctor and is told he has a torn rotator cuff. He has injured his ________.

A) neck
B) shoulder
C) hip
D) knee
E) elbow