Deck 7: Body Structure and Function

Question 1

The basic unit of body structure is the

A) Cell
B) Nucleus
C) Organ
D) System

Answer 1

Cell

Question 2

The musculoskeletal system does the following except

A) Provides the framework for the body
B) Allows the body to move
C) Protects the body
D) Helps regulate body temperature

Answer 2

Helps regulate body temperature

Question 3

How many chromosomes are in each cell?

A) 15
B) 23
C) 46
D) 92

Answer 3

46

Question 4

Which is the outer layer of the skin?

A) Dermis
B) Epidermis
C) Epithelium
D) Nerves

Question 5

Blood cells are formed in the

A) Cartilage
B) Tendons
C) Bone marrow
D) Periosteum

Question 6

Which part of the cell directs the cell's activities?

A) Cell membrane
B) Cytoplasm
C) Protoplasm
D) Nucleus

Question 7

Systems are

A) Groups of organs that work together to perform special functions
B) Tissues that cover internal and external body surfaces
C) Tissues that receive and carry impulses to the brain and body parts
D) Connective tissue that anchors, connects, and supports the body

Question 8

The process of cell division is called

A) Protoplasm
B) Chromosomes
C) Nucleosis
D) Mitosis

Question 9

Which bones bear the body's weight?

A) Long bones
B) Short bones
C) Flat bones
D) Irregular bones

Question 10

Groups of tissues with the same function form

A) Systems
B) Organs
C) Mitosis
D) Chromosomes

Question 11

The hips and shoulders are

A) Ball-and-socket joints
B) Hinge joints
C) Pivot joints
D) Ligament joints

Question 12

The point at which two or more bones meet is

A) A joint
B) Cartilage
C) A muscle
D) A tendon

Question 13

Groups of cells with similar functions combine to form

A) Tissues
B) Organs
C) Chromosomes
D) Genes

Question 14

Bones are held together at a joint by

A) Cartilage
B) Tendons
C) Ligaments
D) Periosteum

Question 15

Which is not a function of the skin?

A) It allows bacteria and other substances to enter the body.
B) It prevents excess amounts of water from leaving the body.
C) It protects organs from injury.
D) It helps regulate body temperature.

Question 16

Where is the nucleus located?

A) Outside the cell
B) In the center of the cell
C) Inside the genes
D) Inside the chromosomes

Question 17

Where are blood vessels, nerves, sweat and oil glands, and hair roots found?

A) The dermis
B) The epidermis
C) The integument
D) The epithelium

Question 18

What gives skin its color?

A) Genes
B) Chromosomes
C) Pigment
D) Epidermis

Question 19

Which allows the body to move by stretching and contracting?

A) Epithelial tissue
B) Connective tissue
C) Muscle tissue
D) Nerve tissue

Question 20

Which help the body regulate temperature?

A) Muscles
B) Hair and nails
C) The sweat glands
D) The oil glands

Question 21

The peripheral nervous system consists of

A) The spinal cord
B) Cranial nerves and spinal nerves
C) The cerebrum, cerebellum, and brainstem
D) The right and left hemispheres

Question 22

The opening in the middle of the iris is the

A) Sclera
B) Pupil
C) Cornea
D) Iris

Question 23

Which part of the brain regulates and coordinates body movements?

A) The cerebral cortex
B) The cerebrum
C) The cerebellum
D) The brainstem

Question 24

The tympanic membrane also is called the

A) Eardrum
B) Hammer
C) Anvil
D) Stirrup

Question 25

The sympathetic nervous system

A) Sends messages to and from the brain
B) Controls thought and intelligence
C) Speeds up body functions
D) Slows down body functions

Question 26

The waxy substance secreted by glands in the auditory canal is called

A) Malleus
B) Cerumen
C) Incus
D) Cochlea

Question 27

The cerebrospinal fluid

A) Protects the brain and spinal cord
B) Conducts messages to and from the brain
C) Controls thought and intelligence
D) Controls movement and balance

Question 28

Nerve fibers of the optic nerve are found in the

A) Sclera
B) Cornea
C) Iris
D) Retina

Question 29

The connective tissue at the end of long bones is

A) Ligament
B) Cartilage
C) Tendon
D) Joint

Question 30

The part of the blood that is mostly water is

A) Red blood cells
B) White blood cells
C) Hemoglobin
D) Plasma

Question 31

The white of the eye is the

A) Sclera
B) Pupil
C) Cornea
D) Iris

Question 32

Swallowing, coughing, and vomiting are controlled by the

A) Midbrain
B) Pons
C) Medulla
D) Cerebral cortex

Question 33

Muscles are connected to bones by

A) Ligaments
B) Cartilage
C) Tendons
D) Joints

Question 34

The circulatory system does the following except

A) Carries food and oxygen to the cells
B) Removes waste products from the cells
C) Produces cells that defend the body from microbes that cause disease
D) Brings oxygen into the body

Question 35

This is the largest part of the brain. It is the center of thought and intelligence.

A) Cerebrum
B) Cerebellum
C) Midbrain
D) Brainstem

Question 36

Pathways that conduct messages to and from the brain are contained in the

A) Brainstem
B) Pons
C) Spinal cord
D) Meninges

Question 37

Which are voluntary muscles?

A) Stomach muscles
B) Arm and leg muscles
C) Heart muscle
D) Intestinal muscles

Question 38

The brainstem contains the following structures except

A) The midbrain
B) The pons
C) The medulla
D) The cerebral cortex

Question 39

The ear functions in hearing and

A) Balance
B) Touch
C) Hammering
D) Sensation

Question 40

Light enters the eye through the

A) Sclera
B) Cornea
C) Iris
D) Retina

Question 41

The process of physically and chemically breaking down food so it can be absorbed by the cells is called

A) Peristalsis
B) Digestion
C) Metabolism
D) Mitosis

Question 42

Which is not a part of the digestive system?

A) The tongue
B) The gallbladder
C) The pancreas
D) The bladder

Question 43

Which is the largest artery?

A) Aorta
B) Carotid artery
C) Radial artery
D) Brachial artery

Question 44

Which vessels return blood to the heart?

A) Arteries
B) Veins
C) Capillaries
D) Venules

Question 45

White blood cells

A) Are needed for clotting
B) Carry oxygen and carbon dioxide
C) Protect the body against infection
D) Produce heat

Question 46

Oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged

A) During inspiration and expiration
B) During inhalation and exhalation
C) Between the alveoli and capillaries
D) At the pharynx and larynx

Question 47

Each lung is covered by a two-layered sac called the

A) Bronchus
B) Bronchiole
C) Alveoli
D) Pleura

Question 48

Which carries blood from the legs and trunk to the heart?

A) Inferior vena cava
B) Superior vena cava
C) Aorta
D) Veins

Question 49

Inspiration involves

A) Breathing in
B) Breathing out
C) Breathing in and out
D) Exhaling

Question 50

The process of supplying the cells with oxygen and removing carbon dioxide from them is

A) Respiration
B) Inhalation
C) Expiration
D) Circulation

Question 51

Which vessels carry blood away from the heart?

A) Arteries
B) Capillaries
C) Veins
D) Venules

Question 52

The digestive system

A) Removes waste products from the blood
B) Removes solid wastes from the body
C) Maintains the body's water balance
D) Protects the body against disease

Question 53

Red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets are formed by

A) The heart
B) The bone marrow
C) The valves
D) Hemoglobin

Question 54

Which heart chamber pumps blood to all parts of the body?

A) Right atrium
B) Left atrium
C) Right ventricle
D) Left ventricle

Question 55

Which is the working phase of the heart?

A) Bicuspid valve
B) Tricuspid valve
C) Systole
D) Diastole

Question 56

Which separates the lungs from the abdominal cavity?

A) The pharynx
B) The larynx
C) The bronchus
D) The diaphragm

Question 57

Which is the muscular part of the heart?

A) The pericardium
B) The myocardium
C) The endocardium
D) The ventricles

Question 58

This substance gives red blood cells their color.

A) Oxygen
B) Carbon dioxide
C) Hemoglobin
D) Plasma

Question 59

Another name for the trachea is the

A) Nose
B) Mouth
C) Windpipe
D) Alveoli

Question 60

Which heart chamber receives blood from body tissues?

A) Right atrium
B) Left atrium
C) Right ventricle
D) Left ventricle

Question 61

The waste products of digestion pass out of the body through the

A) Colon
B) Large intestine
C) Rectum
D) Anus

Question 62

Chyme moves through the small intestine by

A) Peristalsis
B) Gravity
C) Digestion
D) The blood

Question 63

Bile is stored in the

A) Stomach
B) Liver
C) Gallbladder
D) Pancreas

Question 64

The urinary system involves the following except the

A) Kidneys
B) Bladder
C) Urethra
D) Vagina

Question 65

Urine is stored in the

A) Ureters
B) Bladder
C) Penis
D) Urethra

Question 66

Chyme is produced in the

A) Stomach
B) Small intestine
C) Pancreas
D) Large intestine

Question 67

Most food absorption occurs in the

A) Stomach
B) Small intestine
C) Liver
D) Large intestine

Question 68

The male hormone is

A) Testosterone
B) Estrogen
C) Progesterone
D) Vas deferens

Question 69

The opening at the end of the urethra is the

A) Penis
B) Bladder
C) Meatus
D) Vagina

Question 70

The large intestine also is called the

A) Colon
B) Rectum
C) Anus
D) Villi

Question 71

Digestion begins in the

A) Mouth
B) Stomach
C) Pharynx
D) Small intestine

Question 72

After water is absorbed from chyme, the remaining semisolid material is called

A) Chyme
B) Feces
C) Mucus
D) A bowel movement

Question 73

During swallowing, the tongue pushes food into the

A) Stomach
B) Esophagus
C) Pharynx
D) Pancreas

Question 74

Sperm cells are produced in the

A) Testes
B) Ovaries
C) Scrotum
D) Prostate gland

Question 75

Urine is formed in the

A) Bladder
B) Nephrons
C) Penis
D) Urethra

Question 76

What is the function of saliva?

A) It allows sweet, sour, bitter, and salty to be sensed.
B) It aids in swallowing and peristalsis.
C) It cuts, chops, and grinds food for digestion and swallowing.
D) It moistens food particles to ease swallowing and begin digestion.

Question 77

Which is not a part of the small intestine?

A) Duodenum
B) Pancreas
C) Jejunum
D) Ileum

Question 78

The urinary system

A) Rids the body of solid wastes
B) Rids the body of carbon dioxide
C) Produces sweat
D) Removes waste products from the blood

Question 79

Food is moved down the esophagus by

A) Peristalsis
B) Gravity
C) Digestion
D) The blood

Question 80

What is the stomach's function in digestion?

A) It cuts, chops, and grinds food.
B) It pushes food through the GI tract.
C) It produces bile to aid digestion.
D) It stirs and churns food to break it down into small particles.